dcsimg

Benefits ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

There are no known adverse affects of jungle bush-quail on humans.

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citação bibliográfica
Pappas, J. 2001. "Perdicula asiatica" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Perdicula_asiatica.html
autor
Janice Pappas, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Alaine Camfield, Animal Diversity Web
original
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Associations ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

We do not have information on predation for this species at this time.

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Pappas, J. 2001. "Perdicula asiatica" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Perdicula_asiatica.html
autor
Janice Pappas, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Alaine Camfield, Animal Diversity Web
original
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Morphology ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

Generally, these quail are 15.2 cm (Rutgers and Norris, 1970) to 17.5 cm (Alderton, 1992) in length and chestnut-brown with a dark eyebrow stripe bordered in white running onto the nape. They have dark brown ear coverts and their chestnut-brown chin and throat patch is bordered by a pale yellowish band with reddish-brown flecks. The breast and abdomen are white with distinct transverse black stripes. Underneath the chestnut-brown tail coverts is reddish-brown. The beak is brown with a black tip, and the legs and feet are orangish-yellow. Small spurs are also present. The main difference between males and females is that the hen has an almost uniform buff breast and abdomen (Rutgers and Norris, 1970).

Range length: 15.2 to 17.5 cm.

Sexual Dimorphism: sexes colored or patterned differently

Other Physical Features: endothermic ; bilateral symmetry

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Pappas, J. 2001. "Perdicula asiatica" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Perdicula_asiatica.html
autor
Janice Pappas, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Alaine Camfield, Animal Diversity Web
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Conservation Status ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

Jungle bush-quail are not listed by CITES or the IUCN.

CITES: no special status

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern

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Pappas, J. 2001. "Perdicula asiatica" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Perdicula_asiatica.html
autor
Janice Pappas, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Alaine Camfield, Animal Diversity Web
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Behavior ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

When flushed from cover, jungle bush-quail will utter a separation call of repeated "tiri" notes. To advertise for a female, the male will utter a harsh, grating "chee-chee-chuck" repeatedly. He will also utter this call in response to a territorial challenge.

Communication Channels: acoustic

Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical

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Pappas, J. 2001. "Perdicula asiatica" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Perdicula_asiatica.html
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Janice Pappas, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Alaine Camfield, Animal Diversity Web
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Life Expectancy ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

We do not have information on lifespan/longevity for this species at this time.

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Pappas, J. 2001. "Perdicula asiatica" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Perdicula_asiatica.html
autor
Janice Pappas, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Alaine Camfield, Animal Diversity Web
original
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Habitat ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

These quail are found in dry scrub and brush, open deciduous forest, and stony grasslands. They prefer stony areas with thorny bushes for nesting. In addition, these quail may be found at an altitude of 1200 m.

Range elevation: 1200 (high) m.

Habitat Regions: temperate ; tropical

Terrestrial Biomes: savanna or grassland ; forest ; scrub forest

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citação bibliográfica
Pappas, J. 2001. "Perdicula asiatica" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Perdicula_asiatica.html
autor
Janice Pappas, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Alaine Camfield, Animal Diversity Web
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Distribution ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

Jungle bush-quail are found in India, specifically from Kashmir and the outer Himalayas south to Deccan and Orissa (Reay, 1965; Rutgers and Norris, 1970). They are also found in Sri Lanka (Alderton, 1992).

Biogeographic Regions: oriental (Native )

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Pappas, J. 2001. "Perdicula asiatica" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Perdicula_asiatica.html
autor
Janice Pappas, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Alaine Camfield, Animal Diversity Web
original
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Trophic Strategy ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

Jungle bush-quail eat a variety of grass and weed seeds such as pannicum, millet, and maw as well as lentils (Reay, 1965; Johnsgard, 1988; Alderton, 1992). They also eat maggots and small insect larvae (Reay, 1965; Alderton, 1992).

Animal Foods: insects

Plant Foods: seeds, grains, and nuts

Primary Diet: omnivore

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citação bibliográfica
Pappas, J. 2001. "Perdicula asiatica" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Perdicula_asiatica.html
autor
Janice Pappas, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Alaine Camfield, Animal Diversity Web
original
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Sem título ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

J.H. Reay has been given credit as the first person to successfully breed jungle bush-quail in captivity (Reay, 1965; Alderton, 1992). However, other accounts state that an individual named von Thein was the first breeder, and in 1909, nine young were reared in Calcutta (Hopkinson, 1926).

These quail are most closely related to those from the genus Coturnix (Johnsgard, 1988).

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citação bibliográfica
Pappas, J. 2001. "Perdicula asiatica" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Perdicula_asiatica.html
autor
Janice Pappas, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Alaine Camfield, Animal Diversity Web
original
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Benefits ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

Jungle bush-quail are sometimes kept in aviaries.

Positive Impacts: pet trade

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citação bibliográfica
Pappas, J. 2001. "Perdicula asiatica" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Perdicula_asiatica.html
autor
Janice Pappas, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Alaine Camfield, Animal Diversity Web
original
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Animal Diversity Web

Associations ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

Jungle bush-quail have an impact on the plant seeds and prey they consume.

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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
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citação bibliográfica
Pappas, J. 2001. "Perdicula asiatica" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Perdicula_asiatica.html
autor
Janice Pappas, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Alaine Camfield, Animal Diversity Web
original
visite a fonte
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Animal Diversity Web

Reproduction ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

The pair-bond is strong, and these quail are believed to be monogamous.

Mating System: monogamous

The breeding season occurs over an extended period of time from the end of the rainy season to the end of cold weather, depending on geographic location. The nest is in an area with cover for protection (Johnsgard, 1988).

The hen lays four to nine cream-colored, glossy eggs (Reay, 1965; Rutgers and Norris, 1970; Johnsgard, 1988) which take twenty-one days to hatch (Rutgers and Norris, 1970; Alderton, 1992). The nest is a bare hollow in the ground without a lining (Reay, 1965). The chicks, which are slightly larger than those of Chinese painted quail, are dark brown with a buff stripe on the back of the head (Reay, 1965).

Breeding season: The timing of the breeding season depends on geographic location.

Range eggs per season: 4 to 9.

Average time to hatching: 21 days.

Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; fertilization (Internal ); oviparous

Only the female incubates the eggs, but both parents raise the precocial chicks.

Parental Investment: no parental involvement; precocial ; pre-hatching/birth (Protecting: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Male, Female)

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citação bibliográfica
Pappas, J. 2001. "Perdicula asiatica" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Perdicula_asiatica.html
autor
Janice Pappas, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Alaine Camfield, Animal Diversity Web
original
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Animal Diversity Web

Guatlla cul-roja ( Catalão; Valenciano )

fornecido por wikipedia CA

La guatlla cul-roja (Perdicula asiatica) és un ocell de la família dels fasiànids (Phasianidae) que habita zones de matoll i arbusts de l'Índia i Sri Lanka.

Referències

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Guatlla cul-roja Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata
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Guatlla cul-roja: Brief Summary ( Catalão; Valenciano )

fornecido por wikipedia CA

La guatlla cul-roja (Perdicula asiatica) és un ocell de la família dels fasiànids (Phasianidae) que habita zones de matoll i arbusts de l'Índia i Sri Lanka.

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Sofliar prysglwyn ( Galês )

fornecido por wikipedia CY

Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Sofliar prysglwyn (sy'n enw benywaidd; enw lluosog: soflieir prysglwyn) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Perdicula asiatica; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Jungle bush quail. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Ffesantod (Lladin: Phasianidae) sydd yn urdd y Galliformes.[1]

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn P. asiatica, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.[2] Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yn Asia.

Caiff ei fagu er mwyn ei hela.

Teulu

Mae'r sofliar prysglwyn yn perthyn i deulu'r Ffesantod (Lladin: Phasianidae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:

Rhestr Wicidata:

rhywogaeth enw tacson delwedd Ceiliog coedwig coch Gallus gallus Ceiliog coedwig gwyrdd Gallus varius
Stavenn Gallus varius 0.jpg
Ceiliog coedwig llwyd Gallus sonneratii
Gallus sonneratii (Bandipur).jpg
Ffesant Amherst Chrysolophus amherstiae
Chrysolophus amherstiae 18092009.jpg
Ffesant euraid Chrysolophus pictus
Golden Pheasant, Tangjiahe Nature Reserve, Sichuan.jpg
Ffesant Sclater Lophophorus sclateri
Lophophorus sclateri.jpg
Ffesant Tsiena Lophophorus lhuysii
Lvwhzh.jpg
Gallus lafayetii Gallus lafayetii
Flickr - Rainbirder - Ceylon Junglefowl (Gallus lafayetii) Male.jpg
Petrisen Barbari Alectoris barbara
Alectoris barbara Tenerife.jpg
Petrisen goesgoch Arabia Alectoris melanocephala
Alectoris melanocephala 2.jpg
Petrisen graig Alectoris graeca
Steinhuhn Alectoris graeca.jpg
Petrisen graig Philby Alectoris philbyi
Philby-Steinhuhn.jpg
Petrisen siwcar Alectoris chukar
A Chukar - near South Pullu, Ladakh, Jammu Kashmir India.jpg
Petrisen Udzungwa Xenoperdix udzungwensis
Diwedd y rhestr a gynhyrchwyd yn otomatig o Wicidata.

Gweler hefyd

Cyfeiriadau

  1. Gwefan Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd; adalwyd 30 Medi 2016.
  2. Gwefan Avibase; adalwyd 3 Hydref 2016.
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wikipedia CY

Sofliar prysglwyn: Brief Summary ( Galês )

fornecido por wikipedia CY

Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Sofliar prysglwyn (sy'n enw benywaidd; enw lluosog: soflieir prysglwyn) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Perdicula asiatica; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Jungle bush quail. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Ffesantod (Lladin: Phasianidae) sydd yn urdd y Galliformes.

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn P. asiatica, sef enw'r rhywogaeth. Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yn Asia.

Caiff ei fagu er mwyn ei hela.

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गैरीकलाव बट्टाई ( Nepalês )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages

गैरीकलाव बट्टाई नेपालमा पाइने एक प्रकारको चराको नाम हो । यसलाई अङ्ग्रेजीमा जंगल बुस क्विल (Jungle Bush Quail) भनिन्छ ।

यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्

सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू

  1. BirdLife International (2004). Perdicula asiatica. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 11 May 2006.

बाह्य लिङ्कहरू

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गैरीकलाव बट्टाई: Brief Summary ( Nepalês )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages

गैरीकलाव बट्टाई नेपालमा पाइने एक प्रकारको चराको नाम हो । यसलाई अङ्ग्रेजीमा जंगल बुस क्विल (Jungle Bush Quail) भनिन्छ ।

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जंगली लावा ( Marathi )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages
 src=
Jungle Bush Quail (Perdicula asiatica) Photograph By Shantanu Kuveskar
 src=
4576-quail

जंगली लावा, गेरजा किंवा बेरडा लावा (इंग्लिश: Jungle Bush-quail) हा एक पक्षी आहे.

हा पक्षी आकाराने मोठ्या लाव्या पेक्षा लहान असून वरून पिगट तपकिरी रंगाचा असतो. त्यावर काळ्या व बदामी रंगाचे ठिपके व पट्टे असतात. ते थव्याने जमिनीवर आढळतात .

हा पक्षी भारतात गुजरात, महाराष्ट्र, मध्यप्रदेश, ओरिसा, कर्नाटक आणि उत्तर आंध्र प्रदेशात आढळतो.

निवासस्थाने

गवताळ आणि झुडपी जंगले तसेच दुय्यम दर्जाची पानगळीची वने .डोंगराळ भागात १२५० मिटर उंचीपर्यंत असते .

संदर्भ

  • पक्षिकोश - मारुती चितमपल्ली
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wikipedia emerging languages

जंगली लावा: Brief Summary ( Marathi )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages
 src= Jungle Bush Quail (Perdicula asiatica) Photograph By Shantanu Kuveskar  src= 4576-quail

जंगली लावा, गेरजा किंवा बेरडा लावा (इंग्लिश: Jungle Bush-quail) हा एक पक्षी आहे.

हा पक्षी आकाराने मोठ्या लाव्या पेक्षा लहान असून वरून पिगट तपकिरी रंगाचा असतो. त्यावर काळ्या व बदामी रंगाचे ठिपके व पट्टे असतात. ते थव्याने जमिनीवर आढळतात .

हा पक्षी भारतात गुजरात, महाराष्ट्र, मध्यप्रदेश, ओरिसा, कर्नाटक आणि उत्तर आंध्र प्रदेशात आढळतो.

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wikipedia emerging languages

लउआ ( Línguas biaris )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages

लउआ या लौआ या लौवा (अंग्रेजी:Jungle bush quail) (Perdicula asiatica) चिरइन की तीतर-बटेर परिवार क सदस्य पक्षी हवे।

इहो देखल जाय

संदर्भ

  1. BirdLife International (2012). "Perdicula asiatica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. पहुँचतिथी 26 November 2013.CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link)
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लउआ: Brief Summary ( Línguas biaris )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages

लउआ या लौआ या लौवा (अंग्रेजी:Jungle bush quail) (Perdicula asiatica) चिरइन की तीतर-बटेर परिवार क सदस्य पक्षी हवे।

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लौआ ( Hindi )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages

लौआ[2][3] (Jungle Bush Quail) (Perdicula asiatica) बटेर परिवार का एक पक्षी है जो भारत और श्रीलंका में पाया जाता है और अब नेपाल से विलुप्त हो गया है।[1] इसके आहार में अधिकतर घास के बीज होते हैं लेकिन इसे कीड़े-मकोड़ों से भी कोई परहेज़ नहीं है। नर और मादा में फ़र्क यह है कि जहाँ नर का अगला भाग सफ़ेद और काली धारियों से भरा होता है वहीं मादा का अग्र भाग लाली लिए हुए होता है। यह समुद्र सतह से चार से पाँच हज़ार फ़ुट की ऊँचाई तक घने जंगलों में, पर्वतीय इलाकों में, ऊबड़-खाबड़ मैदानों में, ऊसर ज़मीन में और ऐसे खेतों में जहाँ ज़्यादा पानी न हो, में पाया जाता है।[4] इसकी लंबाई लगभग १६ से १८ से.मी. होती है और वज़न लगभग ५७ से ८१ ग्राम होता है।[5] लौआ मादा अपना घोंसला ज़मीन पर ही बनाती है और एक बार में ४ से ७ अण्डे दे सकती है लेकिन औसतन ५ से ६ अण्डे ही देखने को मिलते हैं।[6]

चित्र दीर्घा

सन्दर्भ

  1. BirdLife International (2012). "Perdicula asiatica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. अभिगमन तिथि १७ मई २०१३.
  2. anonymous. Indian Bird Names. ENVIS centre Bombay Nat. Hist. Society. पृ॰ ६९. अभिगमन तिथि १७ मई २०१३. नामालूम प्राचल |archived by= की उपेक्षा की गयी (मदद)
  3. Hume, A.O.; Marshall, C.H.T. (1880). Game Birds of India, Burmah and Ceylon. II. Calcutta: A.O. Hume and C.H.T. Marshall. पृ॰ १०९.
  4. Hume, A.O.; Marshall, C.H.T. (1880). Game Birds of India, Burmah and Ceylon. II. Calcutta: A.O. Hume and C.H.T. Marshall. पृ॰ ११२.
  5. Hume, A.O.; Marshall, C.H.T. (1880). Game Birds of India, Burmah and Ceylon. II. Calcutta: A.O. Hume and C.H.T. Marshall. पृ॰ ११६.
  6. Whistler, Hugh (1949). Popular Handbook of Indian Birds (IV संस्करण). London: Gurney and Jackson. पृ॰ ४२७.
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लौआ: Brief Summary ( Hindi )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages

लौआ (Jungle Bush Quail) (Perdicula asiatica) बटेर परिवार का एक पक्षी है जो भारत और श्रीलंका में पाया जाता है और अब नेपाल से विलुप्त हो गया है। इसके आहार में अधिकतर घास के बीज होते हैं लेकिन इसे कीड़े-मकोड़ों से भी कोई परहेज़ नहीं है। नर और मादा में फ़र्क यह है कि जहाँ नर का अगला भाग सफ़ेद और काली धारियों से भरा होता है वहीं मादा का अग्र भाग लाली लिए हुए होता है। यह समुद्र सतह से चार से पाँच हज़ार फ़ुट की ऊँचाई तक घने जंगलों में, पर्वतीय इलाकों में, ऊबड़-खाबड़ मैदानों में, ऊसर ज़मीन में और ऐसे खेतों में जहाँ ज़्यादा पानी न हो, में पाया जाता है। इसकी लंबाई लगभग १६ से १८ से.मी. होती है और वज़न लगभग ५७ से ८१ ग्राम होता है। लौआ मादा अपना घोंसला ज़मीन पर ही बनाती है और एक बार में ४ से ७ अण्डे दे सकती है लेकिन औसतन ५ से ६ अण्डे ही देखने को मिलते हैं।

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புதர்க்காடை ( Tâmil )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages

புதர்க்காடை (jungle bush quail, or Perdicula asiatica) என்பது காடை இனப்பறவையாகும். இது இந்தியத் துணைக்கண்டத்தின் இந்தியா, பாக்கித்தான், நேபாளம், வங்கதேசம், இலங்கை போன்ற பகுதிகளில் காணப்படுகிறது.

விளக்கம்

இப்பறவைகளில் ஆண்பறவையின் முதுகுப்புறத்தில் சிவப்பு கலந்த தவிட்டு நிறத்திலும்,வயிற்றுப்பகுதி வெள்ளையாகவும் இருக்கும். மேலே கரும்புள்ளிகளும், அடிப்பாகத்தில் நெருங்கிய கருங்கோடுகள் காணப்படும். பெட்டைக் காடைகள் அடிப்புறம் இளஞ்சிவப்பு கலந்திருக்கும். இப்பறவை 6.3–7.2 இன்ச் (16–18 செமீ) நீளமும், 57–81 கிராம் எடை கொண்டதாக இருக்கும்.[2]

மேற்கோள்

  1. "Perdicula asiatica". பன்னாட்டு இயற்கைப் பாதுகாப்புச் சங்கத்தின் செம்பட்டியல் பதிப்பு 2013.2. பன்னாட்டு இயற்கைப் பாதுகாப்புச் சங்கம் (2012). பார்த்த நாள் 26 November 2013.
  2. Hume, A.O.; Marshall, C.H.T. (1880). Game Birds of India, Burmah and Ceylon. II. Calcutta: A.O. Hume and C.H.T. Marshall. பக். 116.
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புதர்க்காடை: Brief Summary ( Tâmil )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages

புதர்க்காடை (jungle bush quail, or Perdicula asiatica) என்பது காடை இனப்பறவையாகும். இது இந்தியத் துணைக்கண்டத்தின் இந்தியா, பாக்கித்தான், நேபாளம், வங்கதேசம், இலங்கை போன்ற பகுதிகளில் காணப்படுகிறது.

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ಪುರುಲೆ ಹಕ್ಕಿ ( Canarês )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages

ಪುರುಲೆ ಹಕ್ಕಿ (ಇಂಗ್ಲೀಶ್ ಜಂಗಲ್ ಬುಶ್ ಕ್ವೇಲ್) ಹಾರಾಡುವ ಹಕ್ಕಿ . ಇದೊಂದು ಭಾರತ ಉಪಖಂಡದ ನಿವಾಸಿ. ಒಣ ಮತ್ತು ಕುರುಚಲು ಕಾಡುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಕಲ್ಲುಬಂಡೆಗಳಿರುವ ಹುಲ್ಲುಗಾವಲುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಹೆಚ್ಚಾಗಿ ಕಂಡು ಬರುತ್ತವೆ. ಕೋಳಿಯ ಜಾತಿಗೆ ಸೇರಿದ ಹಕ್ಕಿಯಿದು. ಗಂಡು ಮತ್ತು ಹೆಣ್ಣು ಹಕ್ಕಿಗಳ ದೇಹ ಬೇರೆಬೇರೆ ರೀತಿಯಿದೆ. ಗಂಡಿಗೆ ಮಾಸಲು ಬಿಳಿಯ ಮೇಲೆ ಕಪ್ಪು ಪಟ್ಟಿಗಳಿರುವ ಕೆಳಭಾಗ, ಕಂದು ಬಣ್ಣದ ಕೊಕ್ಕು ಮತ್ತು ಅದರ ಸುತ್ತಲಿನ ಭಾಗಗಳು,ಬಾಲ, ಹಳದಿ ಬಣ್ಣದ ಕಾಲು ಮತ್ತು ಪಾದಗಳು ಇವೆ. ಹೆಣ್ಣು ಹಕ್ಕಿಯ ಕೆಳಭಾಗದಲ್ಲಿ ಗಂಡಿನಂತೆ ಕಪ್ಪು ಪಟ್ಟಿಗಳಿಲ್ಲ. 10-12 ಸಂಖ್ಯೆಯ ಪುಟ್ಟ ಗುಂಪುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಇರುವ ಸಂಘಜೀವಿಯಿದು. ಧಾನ್ಯಗಳು, ಬೀಜಗಳು, ಕಾಳುಗಳು ಇದರ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಆಹಾರ. ಕೆಲ ಕೀಟಗಳನ್ನೂ ತಿನ್ನುತ್ತದೆ.ಚಳಿಗಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಹೆಚ್ಚಾಗಿ ಸಂತಾನೋತ್ಪತ್ತಿ ನಡೆಸುತ್ತವೆ. ಏಕಸಂಗಾತಿ ಹಕ್ಕಿಗಳಿವು. ಹೆಣ್ಣು ಹಕ್ಕಿಯು ನೆಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಚಿಕ್ಕಕುಳಿ ಮಾಡಿ, 4 ರಿಂದ 9 ಕೆನೆ ಬಣ್ಣದ ಮೊಟ್ಟೆಗಳನ್ನಿಡುತ್ತದೆ. 21 ದಿನಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಮರಿಗಳು ಹೊರಬರುತ್ತವೆ. ಗಂಡು ಹಕ್ಕಿಯು ತನ್ನ ವಾಸಸ್ಥಾನ, ಗೂಡು, ಸಂಗಾತಿ ಮತ್ತು ಮರಿಗಳನ್ನು ಎಚ್ಚರಿಕೆಯಿಂದ ಕಾಯ್ದುಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತದೆ.[೨]

 src=
ಪುರುಲೆ ಹಕ್ಕಿ

ಉಲ್ಲೇಖ

  1. BirdLife International (2012). "Perdicula asiatica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
  2. ಪಕ್ಷಿನೋಟ:ಪುರುಲೆ ಹಕ್ಕಿ,ಪುಟ ೨,ವಿಜಯ ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ ಭಾನುವಾರ ೭, ಡಿಸೆಂಬರ್ ೨೦೧೪
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original
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wikipedia emerging languages

ಪುರುಲೆ ಹಕ್ಕಿ: Brief Summary ( Canarês )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages

ಪುರುಲೆ ಹಕ್ಕಿ (ಇಂಗ್ಲೀಶ್ ಜಂಗಲ್ ಬುಶ್ ಕ್ವೇಲ್) ಹಾರಾಡುವ ಹಕ್ಕಿ . ಇದೊಂದು ಭಾರತ ಉಪಖಂಡದ ನಿವಾಸಿ. ಒಣ ಮತ್ತು ಕುರುಚಲು ಕಾಡುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಕಲ್ಲುಬಂಡೆಗಳಿರುವ ಹುಲ್ಲುಗಾವಲುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಹೆಚ್ಚಾಗಿ ಕಂಡು ಬರುತ್ತವೆ. ಕೋಳಿಯ ಜಾತಿಗೆ ಸೇರಿದ ಹಕ್ಕಿಯಿದು. ಗಂಡು ಮತ್ತು ಹೆಣ್ಣು ಹಕ್ಕಿಗಳ ದೇಹ ಬೇರೆಬೇರೆ ರೀತಿಯಿದೆ. ಗಂಡಿಗೆ ಮಾಸಲು ಬಿಳಿಯ ಮೇಲೆ ಕಪ್ಪು ಪಟ್ಟಿಗಳಿರುವ ಕೆಳಭಾಗ, ಕಂದು ಬಣ್ಣದ ಕೊಕ್ಕು ಮತ್ತು ಅದರ ಸುತ್ತಲಿನ ಭಾಗಗಳು,ಬಾಲ, ಹಳದಿ ಬಣ್ಣದ ಕಾಲು ಮತ್ತು ಪಾದಗಳು ಇವೆ. ಹೆಣ್ಣು ಹಕ್ಕಿಯ ಕೆಳಭಾಗದಲ್ಲಿ ಗಂಡಿನಂತೆ ಕಪ್ಪು ಪಟ್ಟಿಗಳಿಲ್ಲ. 10-12 ಸಂಖ್ಯೆಯ ಪುಟ್ಟ ಗುಂಪುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಇರುವ ಸಂಘಜೀವಿಯಿದು. ಧಾನ್ಯಗಳು, ಬೀಜಗಳು, ಕಾಳುಗಳು ಇದರ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಆಹಾರ. ಕೆಲ ಕೀಟಗಳನ್ನೂ ತಿನ್ನುತ್ತದೆ.ಚಳಿಗಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಹೆಚ್ಚಾಗಿ ಸಂತಾನೋತ್ಪತ್ತಿ ನಡೆಸುತ್ತವೆ. ಏಕಸಂಗಾತಿ ಹಕ್ಕಿಗಳಿವು. ಹೆಣ್ಣು ಹಕ್ಕಿಯು ನೆಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಚಿಕ್ಕಕುಳಿ ಮಾಡಿ, 4 ರಿಂದ 9 ಕೆನೆ ಬಣ್ಣದ ಮೊಟ್ಟೆಗಳನ್ನಿಡುತ್ತದೆ. 21 ದಿನಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಮರಿಗಳು ಹೊರಬರುತ್ತವೆ. ಗಂಡು ಹಕ್ಕಿಯು ತನ್ನ ವಾಸಸ್ಥಾನ, ಗೂಡು, ಸಂಗಾತಿ ಮತ್ತು ಮರಿಗಳನ್ನು ಎಚ್ಚರಿಕೆಯಿಂದ ಕಾಯ್ದುಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತದೆ.

 src= ಪುರುಲೆ ಹಕ್ಕಿ
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Jungle bush quail ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

The jungle bush quail (Perdicula asiatica) is a species of quail in the family Phasianidae. It is native to the Indian subcontinent, where it is found in peninsular India and Sri Lanka. It has also been reported from Nepal but has not been seen there since the 19th century, and an introduced population exists on the island of Réunion. A small species of quail 15–18 cm (5.9–7.1 in) long and weighing 57–82 g (2.0–2.9 oz), it shows significant sexual dimorphism. Males have brown upperparts with blackish and buff marking and whitish underparts with black barring. The face is mainly dark reddish-brown, with brown ear-coverts, a buffy-white moustachial stripe, and the supercilium turning whitish towards the back of the neck. Females have a similar pattern, but with pinkish-brown underparts, more uniform wings, and duller moustachial stripes.

The species inhabits dry areas with shrubby or rocky cover in a variety of habitats. It feeds on seeds and small insects, typically in small groups of 6–25 birds. Breeding starts at the end of the rains and lasts until the end of the cold season, with the exact timing varying across its range. It nests in shallow scrapes in cover and lays clutches of 4–8 eggs. Incubation is only done by the female. The International Union for Conservation of Nature considers the jungle bush quail to be of least concern due to its large range and stable population.

Taxonomy and systematics

The jungle bush quail was originally described as Perdix asiatica by John Latham in 1790 based on specimens from the "Mahratta region".[2] It was moved to the genus Perdicula, of which it is the type species, by Brian Hodgson in 1837.[3] The generic name Perdicula is a Modern Latin diminutive of the genus Perdix, and means "small partridge". The specific epithet asiatica comes from the Latin asiaticus, meaning Asiatic.[4] Jungle bush quail is the official common name designated by the International Ornithologists' Union.[5] Other names for the species include jungle quail, jungle bush-quail, jungle bushquail, Ceylon jungle bush quail, and Konkan jungle bush quail.[6]

Subspecies

There are five recognised subspecies of the jungle bush quail:[5]

  • P. a. asiatica (Latham, 1790): The nominate subspecies, it is found in north and central India.[5]
  • P. a. vidali Whistler & Kinnear, 1936: Found in southwest India, it has more reddish upperparts than the nominate subspecies, especially on the top of the head, and has broader barring on the underparts in males.[7]
  • P. a. ceylonensis Whistler & Kinnear, 1936: Found on Sri Lanka. Its upperparts and throat are much darker than those of other subspecies and its underparts contrast less strongly with the upperparts.[7]
  • P. a. punjaubi Whistler, 1939: Also known as the Punjab jungle bush quail, it is found in northwestern India. It is paler than the nominate subspecies, with sandier upperparts with less noticeable black markings.[7]
  • P. a. vellorei Abdulali & Reuben, 1965: Found in south India.[5]

Description

Jungle bush quails are a small species of quail, 15–18 cm (5.9–7.1 in) long and weighing 57–82 g (2.0–2.9 oz). Adult males have a dull brown mantle, back, scapulars and wings, with buff streaking and blackish-brown blotches. The breasts, flanks, and upper belly are whitish with narrow black barring, while the lower belly and undertail coverts are reddish-buff. The forehead, lores, and supercilium are dark reddish-brown, with the supercilium turning buffy-white behind the eye towards the back of the neck. The top of the head and back of the neck are dark reddish-brown with blackish-brown mottling, while the ear-coverts are dark brown. The chin and throat are also dark reddish-brown and are separated from the ear-coverts by a buffy-white moustachial stripe.[7]

The species shows significant sexual dimorphism, with females having dull pinkish-brown underparts, more uniform and less barred wings with less blotching, and duller moustachial stripes. Some older females may develop pale barring on the breast. Juveniles are similar to the female, but have whitish streaks on the side of the head, throat, and breast. The upperparts have more markings and the primaries are mottled and barred. Males develop barring on the underparts during their first winter, around the age of three months. The bill is blackish in adult males and dull brownish-grey in all other plumages. The legs are pinkish to dull red and are reddest in males. The iris is pale to orange brown.[7]

The jungle bush quail is unlikely to be confused with Turnix or Coturnix quails, but it may mistaken for the rock bush quail. The latter species is less sexually dimorphic and differs in the pattern of the eyestripe, which is shorter and whiter, and the throat, which is reddish-white with a white moustachial stripe.[7][8]

Vocalisations

The advertising call of the jungle bush quail is a harsh, rhythmic chee-chee-chuck, chee-chee-chuck that is similar to the call of a black drongo in dispute. When flocks are separated, they reassemble using a low, whistling tiri-tiri-tiri or whi-whi-whi-whi-whi. Groups may also give burbling or grating notes that quicken into a frenzy. Other calls include a low chuckle made when flushed and harsh notes given as an alarm call.[7][8]

Distribution and habitat

The jungle bush quail is native to the Indian subcontinent, where it is found throughout peninsular India north to Gujarat, Odisha, and the Kashmir foothills, along with Sri Lanka. It has also been reported from Nepal, but has not been recorded there since the 19th century. It was introduced to Réunion around 1850 and to Mauritius around 1860, but the species is now locally extinct on the latter island.[7][8][9]

It inhabits dry areas with shrubby or rocky cover, in habitats ranging from thin grasslands to dense deciduous forests. It is found at elevations up to 1,200 m (3,900 ft), but at elevations up to 1,500 m (4,900 ft) in the Western Ghats and southern India. It is generally non-migratory, but is possibly a migrant in Nepal.[7][8]

Behaviour and ecology

The jungle bush quail is typically seen in groups of 6–25 birds (called coveys) while dust bathing on tracks or foraging in grassland. Coveys walk along well-trodden paths to drink in the morning and evening, and create tunnel-like tracks through tall grass while doing so. The species prefers to walk or run away from potential danger, and will only fly away as a last resort. When alarmed, coveys will sit at the base of a bush before flying explosively into different directions. After a short time, they will start running and regroup by gathering towards each others' calls. Roosting occurs on the ground.[7][8]

Diet

brownish quail chick with black mottling and white stripe on the face
A jungle bush quail chick
five white eggs on a black background
Eggs in the collection of the Museum Wiesbaden

The jungle bush quail feeds on seeds, such as those of grass, weeds, gram, and millets, along with small insects like termites and their larvae.[8][7]

Breeding

The breeding season of the jungle bush quail starts with the end of the rains and lasts until the end of the cold season, with the exact period varying: from January to March in Karnataka, from October to March in the Deccan plateau, from August to April in central India, and from March to April in eastern central India and Sri Lanka. In Réunion, breeding occurs in November.[7][8]

The species is seemingly monogamous. Nests are shallow grass-lined scrapes located in cover at the base of grass. Clutches can contain 4–8 eggs, but usually have 5–6. The eggs are creamy white to pale buff, and measure 24 mm–28.4 mm × 18.4 mm–22 mm (0.94 in–1.12 in × 0.72 in–0.87 in). Incubation takes 16–18 days in the wild and 21–22 days in captivity, and is done only by the female. After the eggs hatch, the male helps guard and raise the chicks.[7][8]

Parasites and pathogens

The jungle bush quail has been observed being parasitised by the nematode Primasubulura alata.[10] It has also been recorded being infected by the fungal pathogen Alternaria alternata in April.[11]

In research

The jungle bush quail has been used in experiments on the effect of melatonin on immunity and reproduction,[12][13] the effect of the environment on the pineal gland, adrenal glands, and gonads,[14] daily variation in the melatonin and androgen receptors during the breeding season,[15] and immunity associated with the lungs.[11]

Status

The jungle bush quail is listed as being of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) on the IUCN Red List due to its large range and stable population.[1] It is generally common throughout India, although it is reported to be uncommon in Kerala, and locally in extinct in parts of Gujarat and in Uttara Kannada, Karnataka. In Sri Lanka, it was reportedly common until the 1950's, but is now only locally plentiful in the hills of the Uva Province. It has not been reported from Nepal since the 19th century, and reports from there and Cachar in Assam may be erroneous. The introduced population on Réunion is declining but still locally common, while the one on Mauritius is extinct.[7][8] The jungle bush quail is hunted for food in rural regions.[15]

References

  1. ^ a b BirdLife International (2018). "Perdicula asiatica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22678997A131873750. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22678997A131873750.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  2. ^ Latham, John (1790). Index ornithologicus, sive, Systema ornithologiae : complectens avium divisionem in classes, ordines, genera, species, ipsarumque varietates : adjectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, &c (in Latin). Vol. 2. London. pp. 649–650.
  3. ^ Cottrell, G. William; Greenway, James C.; Mayr, Ernst; Paynter, Raymond A.; Peters, James Lee; Traylor, Melvin A. (1934). Check-list of birds of the world. Vol. 2. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. p. 97.
  4. ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. Christopher Helm. pp. 297, 57. ISBN 978-1-4081-3326-2.
  5. ^ a b c d Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela (eds.). "Pheasants, partridges, francolins – IOC World Bird List". Retrieved 2021-07-14.
  6. ^ "Perdicula asiatica (Jungle Bush-Quail)". Avibase. Retrieved 2021-07-14.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Madge, Steve; Phil, MacGowan (2010). Pheasants, Partridges, and Grouse: Including buttonquails, sandgrouse, and allies. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 247–248. ISBN 978-1-4081-3565-5.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i McGowan, Philip J.K.; Kirwan, Guy M. (2020-03-04). Billerman, Shawn M.; Keeney, Brooke K.; Rodewald, Paul G.; Schulenberg, Thomas S. (eds.). "Jungle Bush-Quail (Perdicula asiatica)". Birds of the World. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. doi:10.2173/bow.jubqua1.01. S2CID 241087863. Retrieved 2021-12-23.
  9. ^ Lever, Christopher (2005). Naturalised Birds of the World. London: T. & A. D. Poyser. pp. 44–46. ISBN 0-7136-7006-1. OCLC 70122838.
  10. ^ Kumari, M. S. S. (2017). "The activity of transaminases in Primasubulura alata (Nematode) parasitizing in Perdicula asiatica" (PDF). International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies. 4 (3): 116–118.
  11. ^ a b Kharwar, R.K.; Haldar, C. (2012). "Annual variation in lung associated immunity and season dependent invasion of Alternaria alternata in lungs of Indian jungle bush quail, Perdicula asiatica". Animal Biology. 62 (3): 301–314. doi:10.1163/157075611X618237. ISSN 1570-7555.
  12. ^ Singh, Shiv Shankar; Haldar, Chandana (2007). "Peripheral melatonin modulates seasonal immunity and reproduction of Indian tropical male bird Perdicula asiatica". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology. 146 (3): 446–450. doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.12.024. PMID 17257874.
  13. ^ Singh, Shiv Shankar; Haldar, Chandana (2005). "Melatonin prevents testosterone-induced suppression of immune parameters and splenocyte proliferation in Indian tropical jungle bush quail, Perdicula asiatica". General and Comparative Endocrinology. 141 (3): 226–232. doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.01.005. PMID 15804509.
  14. ^ Sudhakumari, C.C.; Haldar, C.; Senthilkumaran, B. (2001). "Seasonal changes in adrenal and gonadal activity in the quail, Perdicula asiatica: involvement of the pineal gland". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 128 (4): 793–804. doi:10.1016/S1096-4959(01)00302-5. PMID 11290461.
  15. ^ a b Yadav, S.K.; Haldar, C.; Singh, S.S. (2011). "Variation in melatonin receptors (Mel1a and Mel1b) and androgen receptor (AR) expression in the spleen of a seasonally breeding bird, Perdicula asiatica". Journal of Reproductive Immunology. 92 (1–2): 54–61. doi:10.1016/j.jri.2011.08.003. PMID 21963392.
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Jungle bush quail: Brief Summary ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

The jungle bush quail (Perdicula asiatica) is a species of quail in the family Phasianidae. It is native to the Indian subcontinent, where it is found in peninsular India and Sri Lanka. It has also been reported from Nepal but has not been seen there since the 19th century, and an introduced population exists on the island of Réunion. A small species of quail 15–18 cm (5.9–7.1 in) long and weighing 57–82 g (2.0–2.9 oz), it shows significant sexual dimorphism. Males have brown upperparts with blackish and buff marking and whitish underparts with black barring. The face is mainly dark reddish-brown, with brown ear-coverts, a buffy-white moustachial stripe, and the supercilium turning whitish towards the back of the neck. Females have a similar pattern, but with pinkish-brown underparts, more uniform wings, and duller moustachial stripes.

The species inhabits dry areas with shrubby or rocky cover in a variety of habitats. It feeds on seeds and small insects, typically in small groups of 6–25 birds. Breeding starts at the end of the rains and lasts until the end of the cold season, with the exact timing varying across its range. It nests in shallow scrapes in cover and lays clutches of 4–8 eggs. Incubation is only done by the female. The International Union for Conservation of Nature considers the jungle bush quail to be of least concern due to its large range and stable population.

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Arbustara koturno ( Esperanto )

fornecido por wikipedia EO

La Arbustara koturno, Perdicula asiatica, estas birdo de la familio de Fazanedoj kaj genro de Perdicula.

Temas pri kazo de seksa duformismo, kie la masklo de Arbustara koturno havas blankan mustaĉon kaj malhelbrunan traokulan strion, blankajn subajn partojn horizontale tre striecajn, kaj tre multkolorajn flugilojn. La ino havas uniforman, tre brunajn bruston kaj ventron. Tamen kaj masklo kaj ino havas ruĝajn kaj blankajn striojn en kapo.

La dieto de la Arbustara koturno konsistas ĉefe el semoj, ĉefe el herboj, kvankam ĝi povas manĝi ankaŭ insektojn. Reproduktado okazas post pluvoj kaj daŭras ĝis komenco de pli malvarma vetero, kaj la preciza periodo varias tra la teritorioj; la ino demetas 5 aŭ 6 ovojn kaj kovado daŭras el 16 al 18 tagoj. Tiu specio ne estas tutmonde minacata ĉar ĝi havas etendan teritorion kaj tendencas eviti agrikulturajn areojn. La populacio de Srilanko malpliiĝis el la 1950-aj jaroj, sed oni supozas, ke ĝi estas disvastigata kaj komuna en aliaj partoj de siaj teritorioj.

La Arbustara koturno estas ege specio de loĝantaj birdoj, kvankam la birdoj de Nepalo ŝajne migras vintre.

Referencoj

Aliaj fontoj

  • Shiv Shankar Singh, Chandana Haldar (2005) Melatonin prevents testosterone-induced suppression of immune parameters and splenocyte proliferation in Indian tropical jungle bush quail, Perdicula asiatica General and Comparative Endocrinology 141:226–232
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Arbustara koturno: Brief Summary ( Esperanto )

fornecido por wikipedia EO

La Arbustara koturno, Perdicula asiatica, estas birdo de la familio de Fazanedoj kaj genro de Perdicula.

Temas pri kazo de seksa duformismo, kie la masklo de Arbustara koturno havas blankan mustaĉon kaj malhelbrunan traokulan strion, blankajn subajn partojn horizontale tre striecajn, kaj tre multkolorajn flugilojn. La ino havas uniforman, tre brunajn bruston kaj ventron. Tamen kaj masklo kaj ino havas ruĝajn kaj blankajn striojn en kapo.

La dieto de la Arbustara koturno konsistas ĉefe el semoj, ĉefe el herboj, kvankam ĝi povas manĝi ankaŭ insektojn. Reproduktado okazas post pluvoj kaj daŭras ĝis komenco de pli malvarma vetero, kaj la preciza periodo varias tra la teritorioj; la ino demetas 5 aŭ 6 ovojn kaj kovado daŭras el 16 al 18 tagoj. Tiu specio ne estas tutmonde minacata ĉar ĝi havas etendan teritorion kaj tendencas eviti agrikulturajn areojn. La populacio de Srilanko malpliiĝis el la 1950-aj jaroj, sed oni supozas, ke ĝi estas disvastigata kaj komuna en aliaj partoj de siaj teritorioj.

La Arbustara koturno estas ege specio de loĝantaj birdoj, kvankam la birdoj de Nepalo ŝajne migras vintre.

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Perdicula asiatica ( Espanhol; Castelhano )

fornecido por wikipedia ES

La perdicilla golirroja (Perdicula asiatica)[2]​ es una especie de ave galliforme de la familia Phasianidae que vive en el subcontinente indio, distribuida por la India, Nepal, Pakistán y Sri Lanka.

Esta especie presenta dimorfismo sexual. El macho presenta bigoteras blancas y las partes inferiores y el cuello densamente listados en blanco y negro, con las partes superiores de tonos pardos veteadas en blanco y negro. En cambio las hembras tienen las partes inferiores lisas y de tonos castaños. En cambio ambos sexos presentan la garganta rojiza y listas superciliares blancas.

La dieta de la perdicilla golirroja se compone principalmente de semillas, en especial de las hierbas, aunque también atrapan algunos insectos. La época de cría tiene lugar tras las lluvias y dura hasta que llega el frío. Este periodo varía de unas regiones a otras en su área de distribución. Suelen poner cinco o seis huevos que incuban entre 16 y 18 días. La especie no está globalmente amenazada porque tiene un área de distribución extensa y tiende a evitar las zonas agrícolas. En cambio la población de Sri Lanka está disminuyendo desde los años 1950.

La perdicilla golirroja es principalmente un ave sedentaria, pero las poblaciones de Nepal migran al sur en invierno.

Referencias

  1. BirdLife International (2012). «Perdicula asiatica». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2112.2 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 1 de mayo de 2013.
  2. Bernis, F; De Juana, E; Del Hoyo, J; Fernández-Cruz, M; Ferrer, X; Sáez-Royuela, R; Sargatal, J (1994). «Nombres en castellano de las aves del mundo recomendados por la Sociedad Española de Ornitología (Segunda parte: Falconiformes y Galliformes)». Ardeola. Handbook of the Birds of the World (Madrid: SEO/BirdLife) 41 (2): 183-191. ISSN 0570-7358. Consultado el 29 de abril de 2013.

Bibliografía

  • Shiv Shankar Singh, Chandana Haldar (2005) Melatonin prevents testosterone-induced suppression of immune parameters and splenocyte proliferation in Indian tropical jungle bush quail, Perdicula asiatica General and Comparative Endocrinology 141:226–232

 title=
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Perdicula asiatica: Brief Summary ( Espanhol; Castelhano )

fornecido por wikipedia ES

La perdicilla golirroja (Perdicula asiatica)​ es una especie de ave galliforme de la familia Phasianidae que vive en el subcontinente indio, distribuida por la India, Nepal, Pakistán y Sri Lanka.

Esta especie presenta dimorfismo sexual. El macho presenta bigoteras blancas y las partes inferiores y el cuello densamente listados en blanco y negro, con las partes superiores de tonos pardos veteadas en blanco y negro. En cambio las hembras tienen las partes inferiores lisas y de tonos castaños. En cambio ambos sexos presentan la garganta rojiza y listas superciliares blancas.

La dieta de la perdicilla golirroja se compone principalmente de semillas, en especial de las hierbas, aunque también atrapan algunos insectos. La época de cría tiene lugar tras las lluvias y dura hasta que llega el frío. Este periodo varía de unas regiones a otras en su área de distribución. Suelen poner cinco o seis huevos que incuban entre 16 y 18 días. La especie no está globalmente amenazada porque tiene un área de distribución extensa y tiende a evitar las zonas agrícolas. En cambio la población de Sri Lanka está disminuyendo desde los años 1950.

La perdicilla golirroja es principalmente un ave sedentaria, pero las poblaciones de Nepal migran al sur en invierno.

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Perdicula asiatica ( Basco )

fornecido por wikipedia EU

Perdicula asiatica Perdicula generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Phasianidae familian sailkatua dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)BirdLife International (2012) Species factsheet. www.birdlife.org webgunetitik jaitsia 2012/05/07an
  2. (Ingelesez) IOC Master List

Kanpo estekak

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Perdicula asiatica: Brief Summary ( Basco )

fornecido por wikipedia EU

Perdicula asiatica Perdicula generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Phasianidae familian sailkatua dago.

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Perdicule rousse-gorge ( Francês )

fornecido por wikipedia FR

Perdicula asiatica

La Perdicule rousse-gorge (Perdicula asiatica) est une espèce d'oiseaux de la famille des Phasianidae.

Distribution

Cette perdicule se rencontre dans pratiquement toute l’Inde, jusqu’au Cachemire et au Sri Lanka, dans les zones les plus sèches de l’île.

Sous-espèces

Cinq sous-espèces sont reconnues, et toutes intergradent entre elles. Les différences reposent sur l’intensité des colorations du plumage et des barres noires sur la poitrine.

  • P. a. asiatica (Latham, 1790) est la forme nominative qui occupe le centre de l’Inde.
  • P. a. punjaubi Whistler, 1939 est plus pâle que la forme nominative et plus finement barrée sur les parties inférieures. Elle occupe le nord ouest de l’Inde.
  • P. a. vidali Whistler & Kinnear, 1936 vit sur la côte sud ouest de l’Inde. La teinte générale est plus rouge. Les barres de la poitrine sont plus larges.
  • P. a. ceylonensis Whistler & Kinnear, 1936 se rencontre au Sri Lanka. Elle est plus foncée.
  • P. a. vellorei Abdulali & Reuben, 1965 a été décrite pour une forme vivant dans l’intérieur du Timul Nadu, dans le sud-est de l’inde, mais elle n’est pas reconnue actuellement.

Habitat

Cette perdicule affectionne les forêts décidues claires, les savanes pierreuses et les jungles arbustives, pourvu qu’elles soient sèches. On la trouve du niveau de la mer jusqu’à 1 200 m, voire 1 500 m dans le sud de l’Inde (Hennache & Ottaviani 2011).

Mœurs

Cette espèce vit en compagnies lâches de 5 à 20 oiseaux qu’il est possible d’observer le long des pistes ou dans les savanes arbustives . En cas d’alerte ils préfèrent courir dans les hautes herbes que de s’envoler. En dernier ressort, ils s’envolent bruyamment, presque dans les pieds de l’observateur, et se dispersent dans toutes les directions avant de se reposer rapidement et de se réunir à nouveau grâce aux petits cris de contacts qu’ils émettent (Ali & Ripley 1978).

Alimentation

La nourriture consiste en pousses herbacées, en graines et petits insectes dont des termites que les perdicules prélèvent collectivement dans la strate herbacée (Hennache & Ottaviani 2011).

Voix

Le chant du mâle est haché, ressemblant à un caquettement chi-chii-chack, chi-chii-chack. Le cri de ralliement et de contact entre les individus d’une compagnie est un doux sifflement whi-whi-whi-whi-whi-whi.

Nidification

Cette espèce est normalement monogame bien que des cas de bigamies aient été signalés. La nidification peut avoir lieu à toute époque de l’année ; elle se situe en fin de saison des pluies. Le nid est une dépression creusée à la base d’une touffe d’herbe et délimitée par quelques débris végétaux. La femelle incube seule mais le mâle monte la garde et participe à la conduite des jeunes (Hennache & Ottaviani 2011).

Statut, conservation

Cette perdicule est très répandue à travers l’Inde, où elle est localement commune si les pratiques agricoles n’ont pas trop modifié le paysage. Elle est assez rare au Sri Lanka où elle se trouve surtout dans le sud-est de l’île dans les monts Uva (Henry 1998)

Annexes

Références taxinomiques

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Perdicule rousse-gorge: Brief Summary ( Francês )

fornecido por wikipedia FR

Perdicula asiatica

La Perdicule rousse-gorge (Perdicula asiatica) est une espèce d'oiseaux de la famille des Phasianidae.

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Jungledwergpatrijs ( Neerlandês; Flamengo )

fornecido por wikipedia NL

Vogels

De jungledwergpatrijs (Perdicula asiatica) is een vogel uit de familie fazantachtigen (Phasianidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1790 door Latham.

Voorkomen

De soort komt voor in India en Sri Lanka en telt 5 ondersoorten:[2]

  • P. a. punjaubi: noordwestelijk India.
  • P. a. asiatica: noordelijk en centraal India.
  • P. a. vidali: zuidwestelijk India.
  • P. a. vellorei: zuidelijk India.
  • P. a. ceylonensis: Sri Lanka.

Beschermingsstatus

Op de Rode Lijst van de IUCN heeft de soort de status veilig.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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Jungledwergpatrijs: Brief Summary ( Neerlandês; Flamengo )

fornecido por wikipedia NL

De jungledwergpatrijs (Perdicula asiatica) is een vogel uit de familie fazantachtigen (Phasianidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1790 door Latham.

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Djungelbuskvaktel ( Sueco )

fornecido por wikipedia SV

Djungelbuskvaktel[2] (Perdicula asiatica) är en asiatisk hönsfågel i familjen fasanfåglar som huvudsakligen förekommer i Indien.[3]

Utseende

Djungelbuskvakteln är en liten (17 cm) vaktelliknande fågel. Hanen har tvärstrimmig undersida i svartvitt, rostorange strupe och orangebeige undergump. På huvudet syns ett vitkantat rödbrunt ögonbrynsstreck, ett vitt mustaschstreck och bruna örontäckare. Honan har vinbeige undersida med liknande huvudteckning som hanen.[4][5]

Utbredning och systematik

Djungelbuskvaktel delas in i fyra underarter med följande utbredning:[3]

  • Perdicula asiatica punjabi – förekommer i nordvästra Indien (från Kashmir till Uttar Pradesh)
  • Perdicula asiatica vidali – förekommer i västra Indien
  • Perdicula asiatica asiatica – förekommer i centrala och nordöstra Indien (från Gujarat till Bihar)
  • Perdicula asiatica ceylonensis – förekommer på Sri Lanka

Levnadssätt

Djungelbuskvakteln förekommer i torra och ofta steniga buskmiljöer, från tunt gräs till rätt täta lövskogar. Information om födan är bristfällig, men den tros leva på frön, men även insekter. Arten häckar från slutet av regnperioden till slutet av vintern: januari till mars i Karnataka, oktober till mars på Deccan samt mars till april i östcentrala Indien och Sri Lanka. Arten är troligen stannfågel, dock flyttfågel i Nepal.[4]

Status och hot

Arten har ett stort utbredningsområde och en stor population med stabil utveckling som inte tros vara utsatt för något substantiellt hot.[1] Utifrån dessa kriterier kategoriserar internationella naturvårdsunionen IUCN arten som livskraftig (LC).[1] Världspopulationen har inte uppskattats men den beskrivs som generellt vanlig.

Noter

  1. ^ [a b c] Birdlife International 2012 Perdicula asiatica Från: IUCN 2015. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.4 www.iucnredlist.org. Läst 2016-02-01.
  2. ^ Sveriges ornitologiska förening (2017) Officiella listan över svenska namn på världens fågelarter, läst 2017-08-14
  3. ^ [a b] Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood (2015) The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 2015 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download, läst 2016-02-11
  4. ^ [a b] McGowan, P.J.K. & Kirwan, G.M. (2018). Jungle Bush-quail (Perdicula asiatica). I: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (red.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (hämtad från https://www.hbw.com/node/53442 12 november 2018).
  5. ^ Grimmett, R.; Inskipp,C. & Inskipp, T. 1999. Birds of the Indian Subcontinent. Oxford University Press

Externa länkar

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Djungelbuskvaktel: Brief Summary ( Sueco )

fornecido por wikipedia SV

Djungelbuskvaktel (Perdicula asiatica) är en asiatisk hönsfågel i familjen fasanfåglar som huvudsakligen förekommer i Indien.

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Perdicula asiatica ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI

Perdicula asiatica là một loài chim trong họ Phasianidae.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood, and D. Roberson (2012). “The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.7.”. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 12 năm 2012.

Tham khảo

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Perdicula asiatica: Brief Summary ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI

Perdicula asiatica là một loài chim trong họ Phasianidae.

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia VI