Anemone quinquefolia (lat. Anemone quinquefolia) - qaymaqçiçəyikimilər fəsiləsinin əsmə cinsinə aid bitki növü.
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L'Anemone quinquefolia és una anèmona que floreix a principis de primavera. Pertany al gènere Anemone, dins la família Ranunculaceae i és nadiua de Nord-amèrica.
És una planta herbàcia perenne, que assoleix uns 10-30 cm d'alçada a principis de primavera. A la meitat de l'estiu desapareix la part aèria però segueix creixent sota terra gràcies a les arrels tipus rizomes. Els rizomes li permeten expandir-se ràpidament pels sòls dels boscos on cobreixen extenses àrees a manera de catifa. Les flors fan d'1-2.5 cm de diàmetre, amb cinc (ocasionalment quatre, o de sis a nou) segments semblants a pètals (en realitat són tèpals). Les flors són blanques, típicament amb pinzellades rosades.
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L'Anemone quinquefolia és una anèmona que floreix a principis de primavera. Pertany al gènere Anemone, dins la família Ranunculaceae i és nadiua de Nord-amèrica.
Anemonoides quinquefolia (French: anémone à cinq folioles), a flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, is native to North America.[1] It is commonly called wood anemone or windflower, not to be confused with Anemonoides nemorosa, a closely related European species also known by these common names.[2][3] The specific epithet quinquefolia means "five-leaved", which is a misnomer since each leaf has just three leaflets. A plant typically has a single, small white flower with 5 sepals (but no petals).
Anemonoides quinquefolia is a perennial herbaceous plant with a horizontal underground rhizome 1–3 mm (0.04–0.12 in) thick.[4] There are two distinct leaf forms: stem leaves and a basal leaf.[2] The flowering stem (which includes the stem leaves) and the basal leaf emanate from the same base point on the rhizome, but since the rhizome is underground, this gives the appearance of two distinct plants, one flowering and one nonflowering.[5] The flowering stem emerges first (if at all), followed by the basal leaf once the plant has flowered.[3]
The flowering plant stands 5–20 cm (2–8 in) tall, occasionally reaching heights of 30 cm (12 in). A whorl of three ternate petiolate leaves (technically bracts) subtends the flower. The lateral leaflets of each stem leaf may be lobed, giving the appearance of five leaflets per leaf. Each leaflet is up to 5 cm (2.0 in) long, with serrate leaf margins (edges) and branched (not parallel) veins. The flower stalk rises directly from the leaf whorl. The solitary flower is 2–2.5 cm (0.8–1.0 in) across with 4–9 (usually 5) sepals (but no petals) and 30–60 white-tipped stamens. Each sepal is 6–25 mm (0.2–1.0 in) long and 4–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide. The petal-like sepals are usually white but occasionally they are pink, or with a pink base and white tip, or with a white base and a pink or blue tip. The fruits are beaked achenes 2.5–4.5 millimetres (0.1–0.2 in) long, oblong in shape with hooked styles.[2][5][3][6]
The single basal leaf is a ternate leaf with a petiole 4–25 cm (2–10 in) long. The long petiole (leaf stalk) rises directly from the rhizome. The lateral leaflets are usually lobed (even more so than the stem leaves), giving the appearance of five leaflets (hence the specific epithet quinquefolia, which means "five-leaved"). Each leaflet is up to 4.5 cm (1.8 in) long.[2]
Anemonoides quinquefolia was originally named Anemone quinquefolia by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum (1753). He described it as having five oval serrated leaves,[7] hence the specific epithet quinquefolia, which means "five-leaved".[8] However, this is a misnomer since each leaf has just three leaflets.
Anemonoides quinquefolia was described by Josef Ludwig Holub in 1973. The name has many synonyms. In particular, the species was previously treated as a subspecies of Anemone nemorosa,[1] now known as Anemonoides nemorosa.
Anemonoides quinquefolia is a member of a species complex that includes A. grayi, A. lancifolia, A. oregana, and A. piperi. Members of the complex have remarkably similar morphology.[2]
The Flora of North America accepts and treats two varieties of Anemonoides quinquefolia:
The two are distinguished mainly by the size of the achene (the fruit), the body of which is 2.5–3 mm (0.10–0.12 in) in A. q. var. minima as compared to 3–4.5 mm (0.12–0.18 in) in A. q. var. quinquefolia.[9][5]
Other sources accept additional varieties, such as A. quinquefolia var. bifolia,[10] but Kew's Plants of the World Online lists no accepted infraspecific taxa for this species.[1]
Anemonoides quinquefolia is native to North America. It ranges from Manitoba across the Great Lakes region to Nova Scotia, south along the Appalachian Mountains to central Alabama. Further west there are isolated populations in Alberta, North Dakota, and Missouri. It prefers moist open woods, thickets, and clearings. It is also found along streams and occasionally in swampy areas.[9][11]
Anemonoides quinquefolia is a long-lived perennial geophyte that spreads by means of underground rhizomes. The small rhizomes are situated just below the surface in the humus-rich layer of decaying tree leaves. There the plant slowly spreads to form patches that can reach several feet in diameter.[12]
An individual plant may take 5 years or longer to flower.[6] A. quinquefolia flowers between March and June depending on location.[9] It is a spring ephemeral with a very short growing season. It emerges early in the spring, reproduces quickly, and dies back to its rhizome by midsummer.
The flower of A. quinquefolia is nyctinastic, that is, the flower closes at night (and on cloudy days) and opens during the day.[13] This habit protects the reproductive organs, maintains the viability of pollen, and may be a possible defensive strategy against herbivores.[14]
A. quinquefolia is a myrmecochore, that is, its seeds are dispersed by ants. Each seed has a fleshy structure called an elaiosome, a nutrient-rich appendage that attracts ants.[15]
The ranges of A. quinquefolia and A. lancifolia overlap in the southeastern United States where the two species interbreed. The resulting hybrids have intermediate characteristics, which makes identification extremely difficult.[9]
Anemonoides quinquefolia (French: anémone à cinq folioles), a flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, is native to North America. It is commonly called wood anemone or windflower, not to be confused with Anemonoides nemorosa, a closely related European species also known by these common names. The specific epithet quinquefolia means "five-leaved", which is a misnomer since each leaf has just three leaflets. A plant typically has a single, small white flower with 5 sepals (but no petals).
Anemone quinquefolia es una anémona que florece al comienzo de la primavera. Pertenece al género Anemone, dentro de la familia Ranunculaceae, y es nativa de Norteamérica. Se denomina comúnmente anémona de bosque.
Es una planta herbácea perenne, que alcanza a principios de la primavera los 10-30 cm de altura, a mediados del verano desaparece la parte aérea pero sigue desarrollándose bajo tierra gracias a sus raíces parecidas a rizomas. Los rizomas le permiten expandirse rápidamente por los suelos de los bosques donde cubren extensas áreas como una alfombra. Las flores son de 1-2.5 cm de diámetro, con cinco (ocasionalmente cuatro, o de seis a nueve) segmentos parecidos a pétalos (en realidad son tépalos). Las flores son blancas, comúnmente con pinceladas rosadas.
Anemone quinquefolia, fue descrita por Carlos Linneo y publicado en Species Plantarum 1: 541, en el año 1753.[1]
El nombre del género Anemone viene del griego ἄνεμος (anemos, que significa viento), por una antigua leyenda que dice que las flores sólo se abren cuando sopla el viento.
quinquefolia: epíteto latíno que significa "con cinco hojas".[2]
Anemone quinquefolia es una anémona que florece al comienzo de la primavera. Pertenece al género Anemone, dentro de la familia Ranunculaceae, y es nativa de Norteamérica. Se denomina comúnmente anémona de bosque.
Anemone quinquefolia is een vroeg in het voorjaar bloeiende plant. De soort komt van nature voor in Noord-Amerika. De Engelse naam daar is Wood Anemone, wat letterlijk vertaald kan worden als bosanemoon. Het is echter een andere soort dan de van de van nature in Europa voorkomende bosanemoon (Anemone nemorosa).
Het is een meerjarige, kruidachtige plant, die vroeg in het voorjaar tot 10-30 cm hoogte groeit. Ze sterft tegen de zomer af tot de wortelstok. De wortelstokken, die zich vlak onder de aardoppervlak uitgroeien, dragen bij aan de snelle verspreiding in bosgebieden, waar het als een tapijt grote oppervlakten kan beslaan. De bloem heeft een diameter van 1-2,5 cm, met vijf, soms vier, soms zes tot negen kroonbladachtige segmenten, die eigenlijk kelkbladen zijn. De bloemen zijn wit, vaak met een roze zweem.
Anemone quinquefolia là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Mao lương. Loài này được L. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1753.[2]
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Anemone quinquefolia là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Mao lương. Loài này được L. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1753.
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