Comments
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Tension in the articulation of the pedicels is sufficient to throw mature achenes 3-4 m when the inflorescence is bumped, and the persistent, hooked styles aid in the dispersal of achenes in the fur of animals (H. S. Reed and I. Smoot 1906). A hot infusion of leaves with bark of honey-locust (Gleditsia triacanthos Linnaeus) was used by the Cherokee to treat whooping cough (D. E. Moerman 1998).
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Description
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Plants perennial, 4.5-6(-13) dm; rhizomatous. Stems ribbed, gla-brous or strigose. Leaves: ocrea brownish hyaline, cylindric, 10-20 mm, base inflated or not, margins truncate, ciliate with bristles 0.5-4 mm, surface strigose to tomentose; petiole (0.1-)1-2 cm, leaves sometimes sessile; blade 5-17.5 × 2-10 cm, apex acute to acuminate, faces pubescent abaxially, strigose and scabrous adaxially. Inflorescences (50-)100-350 × 7-15 mm; peduncle 10-70 mm, pubescent or glabrous distally; ocreolae not overlapping, margins ciliate with bristles to 3 mm. Pedicels ascending to spreading, 0.5-1 mm. Flowers 1-3 per ocreate fascicle; perianth white, greenish white, or rarely pink, glabrous, accrescent; tepals elliptic to obovate, 2.5-3.5 mm, apex acute to acuminate; filaments distinct, outer ones sometimes adnate to perianth tube; anthers yellow or pink, ovate; styles distinct. Achenes included except for apex and styles, brown to dark brown, biconvex, 3.5-4 × 2-2.8 mm, dull to shiny, smooth to rugose. 2n = 44.
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Distribution
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Ont., Que.; Ala., Ark., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., W.Va., Wis.; c Mexico.
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Flowering/Fruiting
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Flowering Jul-Oct.
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Habitat
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Rich deciduous forests, floodplain forests, dry woodlands, thickets; 0-500m.
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Synonym
provided by eFloras
Polygonum virginianum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 360. 1753; Antenoron virginianum (Linnaeus) Roberty & Vautier; Tovara virginiana (Linnaeus) Rafinesque
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Brief Summary
provided by EOL authors
Persicaria virginiana is an erect perennial plant that overwinters as an underground rhizome. It has generally broader leaves than other members of Persicaria and its flowers are more separated on long inflorescences. P. virginiana is native to North America and can be found in mesic, wooded areas of the eastern United States and Canada. One of its common names, jumpseed, refers to the plant’s ability to launch achenes (seeds) up to 3 meters if the inflorescence is jostled (Mitchell and Dean 1978). The styles are stiff and easily get stuck to fur or clothing.
Persicaria virginiana
provided by wikipedia EN
Persicaria virginiana, also called jumpseed,[2] Virginia knotweed or woodland knotweed[3] is a North American species of smartweed within the buckwheat family. It is unusual as a shade-tolerant member of a mostly sun-loving genus. Jumpseed is a perennial, named for its seeds which can "jump" several feet when a ripe seedpod is disturbed.
Persicaria virginiana blooms in midsummer to late summer/early fall. It has a stalk of small white flowers.[4]
Description
Like other Persicaria, jumpseed has alternate leaves, with fine-hairy stipular sheaths (ocrea) with bristle-fringed edges which often turn brownish. Flowers, widely spaced along slender stalks, are white to greenish-white, rarely pink-tinged, and fruiting flowers have 2 downward-pointing hook-tipped styles.[3] Persicaria virginiana is easily distinguished from most other Persicaria species by its much larger, more oval-shaped leaves, although a few species also have large leaves. It sometimes has a chevron-shaped marking on the leaves; often a single plant will have this marking on some leaves but not others.
Cultivars and naturalized populations from cultivation show much greater variation than wild-type plants, sometimes having variegation or have more involved red patterning, and sometimes having red or pink flowers.
Distribution and habitat
Persicaria virginiana has a wide native range throughout most of eastern North America (from Ontario and Quebec, south to Florida, and west as far as Texas, Nebraska, and Minnesota/),[2][5][6] as well as Japan and the Himalayas.[7][8]
It naturally occurs in full to partial shade, on riverbanks, woods, cliffs, and rocks.[9]
Cultivation
Many variegated cultivars exist including 'Variegata' and 'Painter's Palette'.[8] The cultivated plant prefers medium to moist soil and full sun to part shade.[10]
References
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^ "Persicaria virginiana (L.) Gaertn.", Tropicos, Missouri Botanical Garden
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^ a b USDA, NRCS (n.d.), "Persicaria virginiana", The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov), Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team, retrieved 12 October 2015
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^ a b David M., Brandenburg (2010), National Wildlife Federation Field Guide to Wildflowers of North America, New York: Sterling Publishing, p. 432, ISBN 978-1402741548
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^ Hinds, Harold R.; Freeman, Craig C. (2005), "Persicaria virginiana", in Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.), Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA), vol. 5, New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA
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^ "Persicaria virginiana", County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA), Biota of North America Program (BONAP), 2014
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^ "Map Key". 2010 BONAP North American Plant Atlas. 2011-02-18. Retrieved 2022-07-02.
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^ "Persicaria virginiana". Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder. Retrieved 2022-07-02.
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^ a b Barbara W. Ellis. Covering Ground: Unexpected Ideas for Landscaping with Colorful, Low-Maintenance Ground Covers. Storey Publishing, 2012. p. 154. ISBN 9781612122168
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^ "Persicaria virginiana", Plants of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point, Robert W. Freckmann Herbarium, archived from the original on 2013-05-30
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^ "Persicaria virginiana (Variegata Group)", Plant Finder, Missouri Botanical Garden
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Persicaria virginiana: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Persicaria virginiana, also called jumpseed, Virginia knotweed or woodland knotweed is a North American species of smartweed within the buckwheat family. It is unusual as a shade-tolerant member of a mostly sun-loving genus. Jumpseed is a perennial, named for its seeds which can "jump" several feet when a ripe seedpod is disturbed.
Persicaria virginiana blooms in midsummer to late summer/early fall. It has a stalk of small white flowers.
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