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Southern Giant Clam

Tridacna derasa (Röding 1798)

Biology

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Tridacna clams have muscles for opening and closing their shell and a foot for attaching themselves to rocks. They breathe through gills and feed through a mouth (6). Most clams fulfill their nutritional requirements by filter feeding and absorbing dissolved organic compounds from the water, but tridacnid clams have gone further than this by using zooxanthellae algae in their tissue to manufacture food for them (6) (7). The zooxanthellae transforms carbon dioxide and dissolved nitrogen, such as ammonium, into carbohydrates and other nutrients for their hosts (7). When Tridacna clams first attain sexual maturity they are male, but about a year later become hermaphrodites, possessing both male and female reproductive organs. However, the release of sperm and eggs are separate in order to prevent self-fertilisation, although self-fertilisation can occur. The breeding season of the southern giant clam occurs in spring (7).
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Conservation

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Thankfully, the southern giant clam has been one of the first clams to be bred commercially, and the specimens traded today tend to be the result of aquaculture farms rather than wild-caught individuals (5).
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Description

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The southern giant clam is one of the largest of the 'giant clams', reaching up to an incredible 60 cm in length (2) (4). The species is also known as the smooth giant clam because of the relative lack of ribbing and scales on its thick shell. The smoothness of the southern giant clam's shell, and its six to seven vertical folds, help to distinguish it from its larger relative, T. gigas, which has four to five folds and a rougher texture (4). The mantle usually has a pattern of wavy stripes or spots, and may be various mixtures of orange, yellow, black and white, often with brilliant blue or green lines (4) (5).
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Habitat

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Found on the outer edges of the reef at depths of between 4 and 10 m (5).
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Range

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Native to waters around Australia, Cocos Islands, Fiji, Indonesia, New Caledonia, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands, Tonga and Vietnam. Populations have also been introduced to American Samoa, Cook Islands, Marshall Islands and Samoa, and reintroduced after extinction in Guam, the Federated States of Micronesia and Northern Mariana Islands (2).
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Status

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Classified as Vulnerable (VU) on the IUCN red List 2006 (1), and listed on Appendix II of CITES (3).
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Threats

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The southern giant clam is a popular food item and aquarium species, and has therefore been hunted extensively throughout its natural habitat (5).
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Tridacna derasa

provided by wikipedia EN

Tridacna derasa, the southern giant clam or smooth giant clam, is a species of extremely large marine clam in the family Cardiidae.

Description

The southern giant clam is one of the largest of the "giant clams", reaching up to 60 cm in length.[4] The species is also known as the smooth giant clam because of the relative lack of ribbing and scales on its thick shell. The smoothness of the southern giant clam's shell and its six to seven vertical folds help to distinguish it from its larger relative, Tridacna gigas, which has four to five folds and a rougher texture. Lack of scutes (scale-like protrusions of the shell) that are present in most other Tridacna species is a defining characteristic of this species, although in aquacultures specimens have been observed to develop scutes in at least one abnormal case.[5] The mantle usually has a pattern of wavy stripes or spots, and may be various mixtures of orange, yellow, black and white, often with brilliant blue or green lines.[6] Derasa produce the color white in their mantle using multi-colored crystalline pigment cells, while T. maxima cluster red, blue and green cells.[7]

Distribution and habitat

The southern giant clam is native to waters around Australia, Cocos Islands, Fiji, Indonesia, New Caledonia, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands, Tonga and Vietnam.[8] Populations have also been introduced to American Samoa, Cook Islands, Marshall Islands and Samoa, and reintroduced after extinction in Guam, the Federated States of Micronesia and Northern Mariana Islands.[4] The southern giant clam is found on the outer edges of reefs at depths of 4 to 10 meters.[6]

Biology

The Tridacna clam has muscles for opening and closing its shell and a foot for attaching to reef substrate. It respires through gills and feeds through a mouth.[9] Most clams fulfill their nutritional requirements by filter feeding and absorbing dissolved organic compounds from the water, but Tridacna clams have gone further than this by using symbiotic algae, zooxanthellae, in their tissues to manufacture food for them.[9][10] Through photosynthesis the zooxanthellae transform carbon dioxide and dissolved nitrogen, such as ammonium, into carbohydrates and other nutrients for their hosts.[10][11]

When Tridacna clams first attain sexual maturity they are male, but about a year later become hermaphrodites, possessing both male and female reproductive organs. However, the release of sperm and eggs are separate in order to prevent self-fertilisation, although self-fertilisation can occur. The breeding season of the southern giant clam usually occurs in spring and summer, although they may be induced to spawn through the year.[10][12]

Conservation

Tridacna derasa in a reef aquarium.

The southern giant clam is classified as Vulnerable (VU) on the IUCN Red List,[1] and is listed on Appendix II of CITES.[13] The southern giant clam is a popular food item and aquarium species, and has therefore been hunted extensively throughout its natural habitat.[6] However, specimens traded today tend to be the result of aquaculture farms rather than wild-caught individuals, because the southern giant clam was one of the first clams to be bred commercially.[6] This occurred at the MMDC Giant Clam Hatchery in Palau, which focused on Tridacna derasa in pioneering large-scale developments.[14]

References

  1. ^ a b Wells, S. (1996). "Tridacna derasa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T22136A9362077. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T22136A9362077.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
  3. ^ Bouchet, P.; Rosenberg, G.; ter Poorten, J. (2013). "Tridacna derasa (Röding, 1798)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
  4. ^ a b CITES: Twenty-second Meeting of the Animals Committee Archived 4 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Lima (Peru), 7–13 July 2006 (January 2007).
  5. ^ Adams, Jake (6 August 2010). "Batch of scaly Derasa clams spotted, what does it mean?". reefbuilders.com. Reef Builders, Inc. Retrieved 28 April 2015.
  6. ^ a b c d Lukan, E. M. (1999). Critter Corner: Tridacna derasa. Fish 'N' Chips: A Monthly Marine Newsletter, 1999.
  7. ^ "Giant clams could inspire better color displays and solar cells". www.gizmag.com. 20 January 2016. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
  8. ^ Lucas & Copland (1988). Giant Clams in Asia and the Pacific. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. p. 23. ISBN 0-949511-70-6.
  9. ^ a b Tridacna Clams in the Reef Aquarium (January 2007).
  10. ^ a b c Lukan, E. M. (1999). Critter Corner: Tridacnid Clams: The Basics. Fish 'N' Chips: A Monthly Marine Newsletter, 1999.
  11. ^ Lucas, J. (June 1994). "Biology, exploitation, and mariculture of giant clams". Reviews in Fisheries Science. 2 (3): 188–194. doi:10.1080/10641269409388557.
  12. ^ Lucas, J. (June 1994). "Biology, exploitation, and aquaculture of giant clams". Reviews in Fisheries Science. 2 (3): 184–188. doi:10.1080/10641269409388557.
  13. ^ CITES (January 2007).
  14. ^ Heslinga; Watson & Isamu (1990). Giant Clam Farming. Honolulu, Hawaii: Pacific Fisheries Development Foundation. pp. 1–179 + appendices.

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Tridacna derasa: Brief Summary

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Tridacna derasa, the southern giant clam or smooth giant clam, is a species of extremely large marine clam in the family Cardiidae.

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Tridacna derasa ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Tridacna derasa es una especie de molusco bivalvo de la familia Cardiidae.

Pertenece a las llamadas almejas gigantes. Sus nombres comunes en inglés son southern giant clam, o almeja gigante sureña, y smooth giant clam , o almeja gigante lisa. Este último nombre se debe a una característica externa que diferencia a esta especie en su género, la superficie de su concha es lisa, careciendo de las escamas y nervaduras comunes en las conchas del resto de Tridacnas.

Morfología

A diferencia del resto de las especies de su género, presenta en la concha entre 6 a 7 ondulaciones, o proyecciones de forma triangular, en vez de las 4 o 5 características.[3]

Posee músculos para cerrar y abrir la concha, así como un pie y biso para adherirse a las rocas o corales. La apertura bisal de la concha es pequeña y estrecha, en comparación con las otras especies del género. Su sifón inhalante posee claramente tentáculos.

El manto suele tener un patrón con muchos puntos y/o líneas onduladas, y puede ser de mezclas de color naranja, marrón, amarillo, azul, negro y blanco, a menudo con líneas brillantes azules o verdes.[4]

Puede llegar a tener una longitud de 60 cm,[5]​ siendo la segunda especie del género que alcanza mayor tamaño, después de T. gigas.

Alimentación

Esta almeja convive en simbiosis con algas unicelulares, llamadas zooxantelas. Las algas realizan la fotosíntesis produciendo oxígeno y azúcares, que son aprovechados por la almeja, y se alimentan de los catabolitos de la misma (especialmente carbono). Por este motivo necesitan imperiosamente la luz, que les proporciona entre el 75 y el 90% de sus necesidades alimenticias. El resto lo obtienen atrapando plancton microscópico y materia orgánica disuelta en el agua, mediante sus branquias, o ctenidia.

Reproducción

Son animales protándricos, que nacen todos machos, pero después del año se convierten en hermafroditas simultáneos. La fertilización es externa, expulsan primero el esperma y después los huevos, para evitar la autofertilización.[6]​ Los huevos fertilizados entran rápidamente en un estado larvario nadador, y se denominan trocóforas. Posteriormente evolucionan a un estado planctónico en el que las larvas, conocidas como velígeras, habitan el océano abierto durante una semana, antes de fijarse en el sustrato. Al siguiente día del asentamiento, se completa la metamorfosis a su forma definitiva; y a los veinte días, las Tridacnas juveniles comienzan a adquirir zooxantelas en los tejidos de su manto, lo que incrementa notablemente su desarrollo y crecimiento. En unos 2 a 3 años las almejas alcanzan la madurez.

Hábitat y distribución

Suelen habitar en aguas soleadas, embebidas en fondos arenosos o masas coralinas de arrecifes. Su rango de profundidad es de 4 a 10 m.

Se distribuye en el océano Pacífico oeste, es especie nativa de Australia, Filipinas, Fiyi, Indonesia, Nueva Caledonia, Palau, Papúa Nueva Guinea, Islas Salomón y Tonga. Se ha introducido en las islas Cook, islas Marshall, Micronesia y Samoa Americana. Y está posiblemente extinguida en Guam y las islas Marianas del Norte.[7]

Galería

Conservación

Las especies de almejas gigantes han sido sobre recolectadas, tanto para el mercado de alimentación, como para el de acuariofilia,[8]​ resultando la disminución de las poblaciones de gran parte de las especies, en diversos hábitats naturales del género.

Estas almejas están incluidas en el Apéndice II de CITES, que limita y requiere un permiso específico para el comercio con ellas. Cabe destacar el papel que los centros de maricultura vienen realizando en la recuperación y re-introducción de especies. Ejemplos como el trabajo del Centro Australiano para la Investigación Internacional en Agricultura, en colaboración con el Programa "Giant Clam" de la Universidad James Cook, permitieron re-introducir almejas gigantes en Tonga, en 1990.[9]​ En áreas marinas protegidas, como la Gran Barrera de Arrecifes australiana, a menudo se encuentran densidades de población de T. derasa por encima de 30 almejas por hectárea. Actualmente, los ejemplares de T. derasa del mercado de acuariofilia son reproducidos y cultivados en cautividad.[10]

Véase también

Referencias

  1. Wells, S. (1996). «Tridacna derasa». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2013.2 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el el 12 de enero de 2014..
  2. Rosenberg, G.; ter Poorten, J. (2013). Tridacna derasa (Röding, 1798). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=382205. Consultado el 12-01-2014.
  3. Center for Tropical and Subtropical Aquaculture: Aquafarmer Information Sheet – Lagoon Farming of Giant Clams (Bivalvia: Tridacnidae) (January, 2007) http://govdocs.aquake.org/cgi/reprint/2003/526/5260080.pdf Archivado el 11 de enero de 2014 en Wayback Machine.
  4. Lukan, E.M. (1999) Critter Corner: Tridacna derasa. Fish ‘N’ Chips: A Monthly Marine Newsletter, 1999. Available at: http://animal-world.com/encyclo/fishnchips/nov99/fnc1199.html#Critter%20Corner
  5. CITES: Twenty-second meeting of the Animals Committee, Lima (Peru), 7-13 July 2006 (January, 2007) «Copia archivada». Archivado desde el original el 4 de julio de 2011. Consultado el 22 de julio de 2011.
  6. Lukan, E.M. (1999) Critter Corner: Tridacnid Clams: The Basics. Fish ‘N’ Chips: A Monthly Marine Newsletter, 1999. Available at: http://animal-world.com/encyclo/fishnchips/july99/fnc0799.htm#Critter%20Corner
  7. Wells, S. 1996. Tridacna derasa. In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. . Consultada el 12 de enero de 2014.
  8. Animal Diversity Web - Tridacna gigas, Giant Clam (August, 2002) http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/tridacna/t._gigas$narrative.html
  9. Norton, J.H., Braley, R.D. and Anderson, I.G. (1993) A quarantine protocol to prevent the spread of parasitic diseases of giant clams (Tridacnidae) via translocation. In: Fitt, W. (Ed.) The Biology and Mariculture of Giant Clams. ACIAR Proceedings No. 47, Canberra.
  10. Lukan, E.M. (1999) Critter Corner: Tridacna derasa. Fish ‘N’ Chips: A Monthly Marine Newsletter, 1999. Available at: http://animal-world.com/encyclo/fishnchips/nov99/fnc1199.html#Critter%20Corner

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Tridacna derasa: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

Tridacna derasa es una especie de molusco bivalvo de la familia Cardiidae.

Pertenece a las llamadas almejas gigantes. Sus nombres comunes en inglés son southern giant clam, o almeja gigante sureña, y smooth giant clam , o almeja gigante lisa. Este último nombre se debe a una característica externa que diferencia a esta especie en su género, la superficie de su concha es lisa, careciendo de las escamas y nervaduras comunes en las conchas del resto de Tridacnas.

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Tridacna derasa ( Finnish )

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Tridacna derasa on jättiläissimpukkalaji. Se elää luonnossa trooppisella Indopasifisella merialueella, ja sitä pidetään myös riutta-akvaarioissa.

Ulkonäkö ja koko

Tridacna derasa kasvaa halkaisijaltaan korkeintaan 50 cm pitkäksi. Sillä on kaksiosainen kuori, joka on vähemmän voimakkaasti poimullinen kuin muilla sukulaislajeilla.[2]. Kuoren välistä työntyy esille hyllyvä lihasmassa eli vaippa, jonka keskellä törröttää putkimainen suuosa. Vaipassa on yleensä ohuita aaltoilevia juovia, joskus myös täpliä. Väreinä on keltaista, mustaa, sinistä ja valkoista. Tridacna derasan vaippa roikkuu selvästi kuoren ulkopuolella sen ollessa avoimena. Nuorella simpukalla on kuoren saranapuolella on pienehkö aukko, josta työntyy ulos lihaksikas jalka. Jalalla simpukka tarrautuu alla olevaan merenpohjaan. Tridacna derasan ikääntyessä simpukan jalka surkastuu ja aukko sulkeutuu.[3]

Jättiläissimpukoiden elimistössä elää symbioottisia Zooxanthellae-leviä.[4]tarvitaan parempi lähde Simpukan vaipan pinnassa näkyvät tummemmat läikät ovat läpinäkyviä kohtia, jotka toimivat linsseinä ja ohjaavat valoa syvemmälle vaippaan levien käyttöön.[5]

Alkuperä

Tätä simpukkalajia tavataan Tyynenmeren eteläosassa: Australiassa, Fidžillä, Indonesiassa, Uudessa Kaledoniassa, Palaulla, Papua-Uudessa-Guineassa, Salomonsaarilla ja Tongalla.[1] Se elää riuttojen ulkoreunoilla 4–10 metrin syvyydessä. IUCN on luokitellut sen uhanalaiseksi. Akvaariokauppaan tulee viljeltyjä yksilöitä; Tridacna derasa oli ensimmäinen jättiläissimpukkalaji, jonka kasvattaminen onnistui simpukankasvattamoissa.[3]

Käyttäytyminen ja lisääntyminen

Jättiläissimpukat ovat hermafrodiitteja: ne syntyvät koiraina, mutta osa toimii myöhemmin naaraana. Kun kutuaika tulee, ne laskevat veteen merkkiaineita, minkä jälkeen osa simpukoista laskee mätimunia, osa siittiöitä.[6] Lisääntymisen laukaisee oikea kuunvaihe, vuorokaudenaika ja muiden simpukoiden laskemat kemikaalit.

Vesiolot ja ravinto

Symbioottiset levät tuottavat suuren osan simpukan tarvitsemasta ravinnosta. Se hankkii ravintoa myös suodattamalla vedestä planktonia suuaukkonsa avulla. Akvaarion lämpötilan tulisi olla 22–25 °C, suolapitoisuudesta kertovan ominaispainon 1,020–1,025 ja pH 8,1–8,4. Sopiva kalsiumin määrä on 400–480 mg/l ja karbonaattikovuus 7–12 dH. Myös strontiumin ja jodin saannista on huolehdittava.[2]

Lähteet

  • Calfo A. & Fenner, R:: Reef Invertebrates. USA: Reading Trees, 2003. ISBN 09672630-3-4. (englanniksi)
  • Shimek, R.L.: Marine Inverterbrates. Neptune City, NJ, USA: TFH Publications, 2004. ISBN 1-890087-66-1. (englanniksi)

Viitteet

  1. a b Wells, S.: Tridacna derasa IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.2. 1996. International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN, Iucnredlist.org. Viitattu 11.8.2014. (englanniksi)
  2. a b Pet Education (englanniksi)
  3. a b Lukan, E. M.: Tridacna sderasa Fish 'N' Chips A Monthly Marine Newsletter. 1999. Exotic tropicals. Viitattu 16.1.2009. (englanniksi)
  4. Ria Tan: Giant clams 12/2008. Wild Singapore. Viitattu 14.1.2009. (englanniksi)
  5. Family: Tridacnidae (Tridacnas, Giant Clams), Archerd Shell Collection, Washington State University Tri-Cities Natural History Museum(englanniksi)
  6. Seaman, R.: Giant Clams of the Great Barrier Reef The Flying Kiwi. Viitattu 11.1.2009. (englanniksi)
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Tridacna derasa: Brief Summary ( Finnish )

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Tridacna derasa on jättiläissimpukkalaji. Se elää luonnossa trooppisella Indopasifisella merialueella, ja sitä pidetään myös riutta-akvaarioissa.

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Tridacna derasa ( French )

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Tridacna derasa est une espèce de bénitiers géants de la famille des Tridacnidae.

Description

C'est un bivalve sessile qui peut atteindre des dimensions impressionnantes (jusqu'à 60 cm[4]). Durant la journée, il laisse dépasser son épais manteau souvent coloré et strié pour assurer la photosynthèse de ses algues symbiotiques, qui contribuent à le nourrir ; il est cependant capable de le rétracter pour se refermer très rapidement.

On distingue cette espèce des autres bénitiers sur la base de plusieurs caractéristiques : la coquille est très symétrique en vue latérale, pourvue de cinq à sept côtes en relief faible, dépourvues d'écailles, la fermeture des deux valves est bien étanche et peu sinueuse (comparativement aux autres espèces). L'ouverture byssale est réduite et étroite. Le siphon inhalant est entouré de tentacules courts mais assez complexes[4].

Répartition

Cette espèce vit dans le Pacifique ouest, de l'Australie aux Philippines[5].

Relations à l'Homme

 src=
Élevage.

Cette espèce est pêchée pour sa chair (consommée en Asie) et sa coquille. Sa faible vitesse de croissance l'empêche de se reproduire à un rythme soutenable, et cette espèce est actuellement placée sur la Liste rouge de l'UICN, où elle est considérée comme « vulnérable »[5].

Son élevage se développe dans l'espoir, encore lointain, d'enrayer le braconnage.

Notes et références

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Tridacna derasa: Brief Summary ( French )

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Tridacna derasa est une espèce de bénitiers géants de la famille des Tridacnidae.

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Tridacna derasa ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Tridacna derasa is een tweekleppigensoort uit de familie van de Cardiidae.[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1798 door Röding.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. Rosenberg, G.; ter Poorten, J. (2012). Tridacna derasa (Röding, 1798). Geraadpleegd via: World Register of Marine Species op http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=382205
Geplaatst op:
09-03-2013
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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Tridacna derasa ( Portuguese )

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Tridacna derasa é uma espécie de bivalve da família Tridacnidae.

Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Samoa Americana, Austrália, as Ilhas Cook, Fiji, Guam, Indonésia, Ilhas Marshall, Micronésia, Nova Caledónia, Marianas Setentrionais, Palau, Papua-Nova Guiné, as Filipinas, Ilhas Salomão, Tonga, possivelmente Ilhas Cocos, possivelmente Polinésia Francesa, possivelmente Tuvalu e possivelmente em Vanuatu.

Referências

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Tridacna derasa: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

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Tridacna derasa é uma espécie de bivalve da família Tridacnidae.

Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Samoa Americana, Austrália, as Ilhas Cook, Fiji, Guam, Indonésia, Ilhas Marshall, Micronésia, Nova Caledónia, Marianas Setentrionais, Palau, Papua-Nova Guiné, as Filipinas, Ilhas Salomão, Tonga, possivelmente Ilhas Cocos, possivelmente Polinésia Francesa, possivelmente Tuvalu e possivelmente em Vanuatu.

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Tridacna derasa ( Vietnamese )

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Tridacna derasa (hay còn gọi là Trai tượng phía Nam) là một loài động vật thân mềm hai mảnh vỏ trong họ Tridacnidae, siêu họ trai.[2]

Hình ảnh

Tham khảo

 src= Wikimedia Commons có thêm hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về Tridacna derasa
  1. ^ Bouchet, P.; Rosenberg, G.; ter Poorten, J. (2013). Tridacna derasa (Röding, 1798)”. Cơ sở dữ liệu sinh vật biển. Truy cập ngày 9 tháng 4 năm 2014.
  2. ^ IUCN Red List 2006 (January 2007)

Liên kết ngoài


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Tridacna derasa: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Tridacna derasa (hay còn gọi là Trai tượng phía Nam) là một loài động vật thân mềm hai mảnh vỏ trong họ Tridacnidae, siêu họ trai.

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Tridacna derasa ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
Царство: Животные
Подцарство: Эуметазои
Без ранга: Первичноротые
Надтип: Спиральные
Подкласс: Разнозубые
Отряд: Veneroida
Надсемейство: Cardioidea
Семейство: Сердцевидки
Подсемейство: Tridacninae
Вид: Tridacna derasa
Международное научное название

Tridacna derasa Röding, 1798

Синонимы
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Систематика
на Викивидах
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Изображения
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NCBI 80831EOL 4771451FW 153307

Tridacna derasa (лат.)вид морских двустворчатых моллюсков из семейства cердцевидок (Cardiidae).

Описание

Длина раковины достигает до 60 см в длину[2]. Раковина имеет 6—7 слабо выпуклых складок, что позволяет отличать вид от близкородственной Tridacna gigas, у которой на раковине имеются более выраженные складки. Закрывание и открывание створок происходит при помощи мышц-замыкателей. Щитки-наросты на раковине, которые присутствуют у большинства других видов рода Тридакна и являются определяющим признаком рода, отсутствуют, хотя известны случаи обнаружения экземпляров с ними[3]. Мантия обычно имеет узор волнистых полос или пятен и может быть ярко окрашена различными сочетаниями оранжевого, желтого, черного и белого цветов, часто с блестящими синими или зелеными линиями. Прикрепляется к грунту посредством мускульной ноги[4].

Дыхание происходит через ктенидии, а питание — посредством фильтрации через рот. Питание также осуществляется эндосимбиотическим путем:одноклеточные водоросли зооксантеллы, живущие в тканях моллюска, превращают углекислый газ и растворенный азот, например аммоний, в углеводы и другие питательные вещества для своих хозяев[5].

Ареал

Встречается на глубине от 4 до 10 метров[4]. Обитает в водах Австралии, Кокосовых островов, Океании, Филиппин, Вьетнама[6]. Была интродуцирована в Маршалловых островах, Самоа и Американском Самоа, после исчезновения была реинтродуцирована на Гуаме, в Федеративных штатах Микронезии и на Северных Марианских островах[2].

Охранный статус

Занесeна в Международную Красную книгу со статусом Vulnerable species «Уязвимый вид». Включена во II приложение CITES[7].

Значение для человека

Является пищевым продуктом, а также популярным аквариумным видом. Выращивается в аквакультурах[4].

Примечания

  1. Tridacna derasa (неопр.). World Register of Marine Species.
  2. 1 2 CITES: Twenty-second Meeting of the Animals Committee (неопр.) (недоступная ссылка). Архивировано 4 июля 2011 года.
  3. Batch of scaly Derasa clams spotted, what does it mean? (неопр.). reefbuilders.com.
  4. 1 2 3 Critter Corner: Tridacna derasa (неопр.). Fish 'N' Chips: A Monthly Marine Newsletter.
  5. Critter Corner: Tridacnid Clams: The Basics (неопр.). Fish ‘N’ Chips: A Monthly Marine Newsletter.
  6. Lucas & Copland. Giant Clams in Asia and the Pacific.. — Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural. — С. 23. — ISBN 0-949511-70-6.
  7. Tridacna derasa (неопр.). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
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Tridacna derasa: Brief Summary ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию

Tridacna derasa (лат.) — вид морских двустворчатых моллюсков из семейства cердцевидок (Cardiidae).

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无鳞砗磲 ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Tridacna derasa
(Röding, 1798)[1]

扇硨磲蛤(學名:Tridacna derasa,又稱無鱗硨磲),是帘蛤目砗磲蛤科砗磲蛤属的一种。主要分布于中国大陆台湾,常生活在环礁舄湖中。贝壳宽度可达60厘米。[2][3]

参考文献

  1. ^ Bouchet, P. Tridacna derasa (Röding, 1798). World Register of Marine Species. 2013 [9 April 2014].
  2. ^ 国际贝库:无鳞砗磲. 台湾贝类资料库. [2009-08-11].
  3. ^ CITES: Twenty-second Meeting of the Animals Committee 互联网档案馆存檔,存档日期4 July 2011., Lima (Peru), 7–13 July 2006 (January 2007).
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维基百科作者和编辑

无鳞砗磲: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

扇硨磲蛤(學名:Tridacna derasa,又稱無鱗硨磲),是帘蛤目砗磲蛤科砗磲蛤属的一种。主要分布于中国大陆台湾,常生活在环礁舄湖中。贝壳宽度可达60厘米。

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维基百科作者和编辑