Harbansus dayi Kornicker 1978

Harbansus dayi Kornicker, 1978

Harbansus dayi Kornicker, 1978:32, figs. 3f, 18–22, pls. 9, 10.—Bowen et al., 1979:246, fig. 3.

HOLOTYPE.—USNM 156779, undissected adult female in alcohol.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Continental shelf off North Carolina, Beaufort shelf transect, sta 155 G, 160 m.

MATERIAL.—See “Station Data and Material Examined.”

DISTRIBUTION.—This species was known previously from the New Jersey and North Carolina continental shelf (34°00′00′N–39° 16′31″N). Its range is extended herein to Canada (46°45′N; Map 3). Known depth range is 42–196 m.

DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace with large fossae but no lateral ribs (Figure 45). 2nd joint of 1st antenna of both males and females with 2 bristles (1 ventral, 1 dorsal). Female 2nd antenna: 1st endopodial joint with 2 short bristles; elongate 2nd joint with 1 long proximal bristle and no terminal bristle; exopodite without natatory setae. Ventral margin of 2nd endopodial joint of mandible with bristles forming 2 groups having 2 bristles in each group. Female 7th limb with 8 bristles and 3 terminal pegs; Male 7th limb with 4 or 5 bristles and 1 or 2 terminal pegs. Furca with 6 claws on each lamella; claw 3 thinner and shorter than claw 4. Lateral eyes of both males and females small.

Footnote

1 Manufactured by Harlco, 60th and Woodland Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19143, under license from the Decon Laboratories, Ltd., Ellen St., Portslade, Brighton, U.K.

Harbansus dayi

ETYMOLOGY.—The species is named for Dr. J. H. Day, who collected some of the specimens.

HOLOTYPE.—USNM 156779, 1 undissected adult female, length 1.40 mm, in alcohol.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Continental shelf off North Carolina, Beaufort Shelf Transect, sta 155 G.

ALLOTYPE.—USNM 156941, adult male from R/V Columbus Iselin, sta F4-10, New Jersey shelf.

PARATYPES.—North Carolina shelf, Beaufort Shelf Transect: sta 55 P: USNM 156776, 1 adult female; sta 253 M: USNM 156784, 1 ovigerous female; sta 256 Q-R: USNM 156786, 1 adult female; sta 251 N-P: USNM 156790, 1 adult female. New Jersey shelf, R/V Columbus Iselin: sta F4-7: USNM 156914, 1 ovigerous female; USNM 156915, 10 specimens including ovigerous females; sta A4-11: USNM 157132, 1 female; USNM 156945, 1 A–1 male; USNM 156946A,C, 2 A–1 males; USNM 156946B, 4 specimens; USNM 156946D, 1 adult female; USNM 156947A, 1 A–2 or A–3 female; USNM 156947B, 1 juvenile female; USNM 156951, 1 specimen; sta A4-12: USNM 156953A, 2 juvenile females; sta A4-9: USNM 156952A, 1 A–1 male; USNM 156952B, 1 instar III male; USNM 156952D, 1 juvenile male; USNM 156952E, 2 juveniles; USNM 156954, 1 A–1 male; USNM 156958, 1 adult female; sta A3-8: USNM 157111, 1 adult male; USNM 157112, 2 juveniles.

DISTRIBUTION.—North Carolina shelf at depths of 160–198 m; New Jersey shelf at depths of 136–196 m.

ONTOGENY.—I have interpreted USNM 156952B as an instar III because of the absence of bristles on the 7th limb and because the 6th limb bears more than 1 bristle (refer to key to early instars, Kornicker, 1969:3). I consider the specimen to be male because of the endopodite of the 2nd antenna having 3 joints with the 2nd joint bearing 2 ventral bristles (Figure 22e). Poulsen (1962:351) interpreted a somewhat similar endopodite on a juvenile of Philomedes dentata Poulsen, 1962 to be that of a female. My interpretation of the sex of the juvenile H. dayi (USNM 156952B) is, I believe, supported by the way in which its endopodite differs from a specimen (USNM 156947A) that I interpret to be a female because of the similarity of its endopodite (Figure 22b) to that of an A-1 female (USNM 156953) (Figure 22c). The endopodite of USNM 156947A has only 2 joints and only 1 ventral bristle on the 2nd joint (Figure 22b).

The endopodite of the 2nd antenna of juvenile females of H. dayi differs from that of the adult female in having a short terminal bristle on the 2nd joint. The tip of the 2nd joint is bare on adult females. The loss of a bristle in this position is unusual in the family Philomedidae. The ontogenetic development of the endopodite of the male is normal for the subfamily (see Figures 21d, 22e,g).

DESCRIPTION OF ADULT FEMALE (Figures 18–20; Plates 9,10).—Carapace: Elongate with narrow rostrum and small projecting caudal process.

Ornamentation: Surface of valves with shallow fossae but without horizontal ribs (Figures 18, 19a; Plates 9a–e,g, 10a); minute nodes with central pore present on bottom of fossae (Plate 10a,b); surface between fossae with simple pores and minute pustules, (Plate 10a,c–f), the latter also present in fossae (Plate 10b); some parts of surface of USNM 156776 with spaghetti-like structure, possible a foreign growth (Plate 10c–f); bristles present along ventral margin and sparsely distributed over valve surface (Plates 9e, 10a); 2 bristles present on inner end of incisur; faint sinus in dorsal part of shell above central adductor muscle attachment scars; small process present in anteroventral corner of valve.

Infold: Infold of rostrum with 5 long bristles (Figure 19b); anteroventral infold with short bristle below inner end of incisur, about 6 ridges parallel to valve margin, and 1 spinous bristle near posterior end of ridges; posterior infold with a few minute bristles near inner margin of infold; ridge on infold of caudal process with 6 frondlike bristles (Figure 19c, not clearly visible on Plate 9f).

Selvage: Lamellar prolongation present along anterior, ventral, and posterior margins; fringed in vicinity of incisur, possibly elsewhere.

Central Adductor Muscle Attachment Scars (Figure 18): Consisting of about 17–20 oval and elongate scars.

Size: USNM 156776, length 1.36 mm, height 0.81 mm; USNM 156784, length 1.44 mm, height 0.81 mm; USNM 156779, length 1.40 mm, height 0.83 mm; USNM 156790, length 1.38 mm, height 0.83 mm; USNM 156786, length 1.42, height 0.71 mm; USNM 156914, length 1.34 mm, height 0.77 mm.

First Antenna (Figure 19d): 1st joint: bare. 2nd joint: 2 bristles (1 dorsal, 1 ventral), a single cluster of faint spines on medial surface near dorsal bristle, and lateral spines forming row near distal margin. 3rd joint: short, with 3 bristles (1 ventral, 2 dorsal), and short spines forming rows on medial surface. 4th joint: 3 bristles (1 dorsal, 2 ventral). 5th joint: sensory bristle with 4 short marginal filaments and 3 longer terminal filaments including stem. 6th joint: 1 short medial bristle. 7th joint: a-bristle spinous, about twice length of bristle of 6th joint (a-bristle of illustrated left limb of USNM 156776 aberrant in being shorter than normal a-bristle; the bristle did not completely emerge and its proximal part is embedded in limb); b-bristle shorter than sensory bristle of 5th joint, with 1 short distal filament, portion of stem distal to filament unringed; c-bristle slightly shorter than sensory bristle, with 4 short marginal filaments and 3 longer terminal filments including stem. 8th joint: d- and e-bristles slightly longer than sensory bristle, bare with blunt tips; f-bristle about same length as c-bristle, with 3 short marginal filaments and 3 longer terminal filaments including stem; g-bristle about same length as sensory bristle, with 3 short marginal filaments and 3 longer terminal filaments including stem; tips of filaments with 1 or 2 minute spines.

Second Antenna (Figure 19e): Protopodite bare. Endopodite 2-jointed: 1st joint with 2 short anterior bristles; 2nd joint elongate with long spinous bristle near middle and bare, rounded tip. Exopodite: 1st joint with short medial terminal bristle; joints 2–8 with short spines forming rows along distal margins, bristles of joints 2–8 with stout spines along ventral margin, no natatory hairs; 9th joint with 3 bristles, ventral of these longer than others and with stout ventral spines, middle bristle with spines less stout than those on ventral bristle, dorsal bristle short, bare.

Mandible (Figure 19f,g): Coxale endite spinous, bifurcate, without bristle near base. Basale: medial surface spinous, with 4 bristles near ventral margin (3 proximal, 1 near middle); ventral margin with 1 terminal bristle; lateral surface with 2 bristles having bases on or near ventral margin, and with long hairs forming rows (some hairs extend past ventral margin); dorsal margin with 3 bristles (1 near middle, 2 terminal). Exopodite hirsute, about one-half length of dorsal margin of 1st endopodial joint, with 1 long subterminal bristle, and 1 minute terminal bristle (presence or absence of this minute bristle cannot be resolved with certainty with available light microscope). Endopodite: 1st joint with 1 short and 2 long bristles, medial surface of joint spinous; 2nd joint with ventral margin with bristles forming 2 groups (each with 2 bristles), middle of dorsal margin with 6 bristles (1 of these located more proximally than others), medial surface with spines forming rows in proximal half; end joint with 2 long claws with ventral spines, 1 very short, bare, dorsal claw, and 3 bristles (2 of these less than one-half length of long claws, the other about three-fourths length).

Maxilla (Figure 20a): Coxale with stout, spinous, dorsal bristle. Basale with 2 (possibly 3) terminal bristles. Exopodite with 2 long and 1 short bristle. Endopodite: 1st joint with 1 α- and 1 β-bristle; end joint with 3 clawlike bristles and about 4 slender bristles; 3 endites present.

Fifth Limb (Figure 20c): Endite I with 1 bristle; endite II with about 7 bristles; endite III with about 5 bristles. Exopodite: 1st joint with anterior side with 2 bristles at middle of distal margin, main tooth consisting of stout anterior tooth and posterior tooth with several prongs (obscure on specimen examined); 2nd joint with large squarish tooth, posterior side of joint with 3 bristles; 3rd joint with inner lobe with 3 bristles, outer lobe with 2; 4th and 5th joints with total of 5 bristles. (Exact number of bristles on exopodial joints and endites uncertain.)

Sixth Limb (Figure 20b): Endite I with 2 short and 1 long bristle; endite II with 3 terminal bristles; endites III and IV each with 5 bristles; end joint not prolonged posteriorly, with 4 spinous anterior bristles and 2 hirsute posterior bristles; 1 short bristle in place of epipodial appendage; one side of end joint and endites III and IV with long hairs.

Seventh Limb (Figure 20d): 6 bristles in terminal group (3 on each side), 2 in proximal group (1 on each side); each bristle with marginal spines and 2–5 bells; terminus with comb of 7 teeth opposite 3 recurved spinous teeth.

Furca (Figure 20f): Each lamella with 6 claws: claw 1, 2 and 4 stout primary claws; claws 3, 5, 6 slender secondary claws; claw 3 shorter than claw 4; primary claws with teeth along posterior margins; claw 1 with 2 distal teeth oriented anteriorly and 2 large distal teeth on posterior margin; secondary claws with spines along ventral and dorsal margins (not all teeth shown in Figure 20f); hairs along lamella following claws.

Rod-shaped Organ (Figure 20e): Elongate with about 4 proximal segments, tip rounded.

Eyes: Medial eye bare, unpigmented (Figure 20e); lateral eyes not observed.

Upper Lip and Anterior Process (Figure 20e): Hirsute with minute processes. An anterior process present on each side of animal between upper lip and medial eye.

Y-Sclerite (Figure 20f): Typical for family.

Genitalia (Figure 20f): Consisting of oval sclerotized cup on each side of animal.

Eggs: USNM 156784 with 3; USNM 156914 with 3.

DESCRIPTION OF ADULT MALE (Figures 3f, 21).—Except for having a somewhat broader caudal process, carapace of male similar in shape and ornamentation to that of adult female (Figure 21a).

Infold: Infold of rostrum with 5 long bristles; short bristle present on infold ventral to inner end of incisur; posterior infold with 3 minute bristles near inner margin of infold; ridge on infold of caudal process with 5 frondlike bristles; 3 minute bristles along posterior edge of caudal process.

Central Adductor Muscle Attachment Scars (Figure 21a): Similar to those of adult female but located closer to shell middle.

Size: USNM 156941, length 1.17 mm, height 0.65 mm; USNM 157111, length 1.16 mm, height 0.60 mm.

First Antenna (Figure 21b): 1st joint: few short medial spines forming rows. 2nd joint: 2 bristles (1 dorsal, 1 ventral). 3rd joint: short, with 2 dorsal bristles and 1 medial bristle, all near ventral margin. 4th joint: 1 terminal dorsal bristle and 2 proximal medial bristles, all near ventral margin. 5th joint: triangular, wedged between 4th and 6th joints and not extending to dorsal margin of limb; sensory bristle with bulbous proximal part with abundant long filaments and stem with about 4 marginal filaments (Figures 3f, 21b); 6th joint: long, with short medial bristle located near dorsal margin. 7th joint: a-bristle bare, slightly longer than bristle of 6th joint; b-bristle 3 times length of a-bristle, with 3 or 4 short marginal filaments; c-bristle very long, with 10 or 11 marginal filaments. 8th joint: d- and e-bristles bare with blunt tips, about one-half length of c-bristle; f-bristle almost same length as c-bristle, with 10 marginal filaments, some with spine at base; g-bristle about same length as d-bristle, with about 4 marginal filaments.

Second Antenna: Protopodite bare (Figure 21c). Endopodite 3-jointed (Figure 21d): 1st joint short, with 4 short anterior bristles; 2nd joint elongate, with 3 bristles on concave margin (proximal of these slender, faint, unringed, and not observed on USNM 157111); 3rd joint elongate, reflexed, with 2 short bristles and ridges at tip. Exopodite: 1st joint elongate, with minute, terminal, medial bristle; 2nd joint slightly larger than 3rd joint, with ventral bristle reaching past end of 9th joint; bristles of joints 2–8 with natatory hairs, no spines; 8th joint with 4 bristles (2 long with natatory hairs, 2 short with short marginal hairs), USNM 156941 aberrant in having only 8 exopodial joints on each limb.

Mandible (Figure 21e): Coxale endite represented by minute spine. Basale: medial surface spinous, with 4 short bristles (3 proximal, 1 near middle) near ventral margin; ventral margin with 1 long spinous distal bristle; lateral surface with 2 long spinous bristles with base on ventral margin; dorsal margin with 3 long bristles (2 terminal, 1 distal to middle). Exopodite: spinous, reaching just past middle of 1st endopodial joint, with 1 long subterminal bristle; tip of exopodite pointed and with several short spines. Endopodite: 1st joint with medial spines and 3 ventral bristles (2 long, 1 short); 2nd joint with ventral margin with bristles forming 2 distal groups, each with 2 bristles, middle of dorsal margin with 6 bristles, medial surface with spines forming rows; end joint with 2 long claws with ventral spines, 1 short dorsal claw, and 3 bristles (1 long, 2 short).

Maxilla (Figure 21f): Limb reduced and with weakly developed bristles.

Fifth Limb (Figure 21g): Endites weakly developed with few bristles; endite III with 1 or 2 fingerlike bristles. Exopodite: 3rd joint with 2 long outer bristles; inner bristles obscure; remaining joints fused, with total of about 4 bristles.

Sixth Limb (Figure 21h): A single spinous bristle in place of epipodial appendage. Endite I with 3 bristles; endite II with 3 terminal bristles; endite III with 4 bristles; endite IV with 5 bristles; end joint not prolonged posteriorly, with 2 hirsute anterior bristles followed by 2 bristles with long proximal and short distal spines, a space, and then 2 hirsute posterior bristles; limb hirsute.

Seventh Limb (Figure 21i): 4 bristles in terminal group, 2 on each side, each with 4 or 5 bells and distal marginal spines; no proximal bristles; terminus with comb of 5 spinous teeth opposite 1 or 2 recurved spinous pegs.

Furca (Figure 21j): Similar to that of female but claws 1 and 2 w.

Rod-shaped Organ (Figure 21k): Elongate with 5 or 6 proximal segments, tip rounded.

Eyes: Medial eye bare, unpigmented (Figure 21k); lateral eyes small, each with 5 ommatidia (Figure 21c).

Upper Lip (Figure 21k): With anterior projection.

Anterior (Figure 21k): 2 processes present between upper lip and rod-shaped organ.

Y-Sclerite (Figure 21j): Typical for family.

Copulatory Organ (Figure 21j): Each limb elongate, lobate, with terminal process with marginal teeth.