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Hydnum ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Hydnum és un gènere de bolets dins la família Hydnaceae. Són notables pels seus himenis amb l'aspecte de ser com dentats. Les espècies més conegudes són la lengua de bou (Hydnum repandum) i la lengua de bou rogenca (H. rufescens). El nom del gènere deriva del grec antic: (h)udnon/ύδνον, que era la paraula per designar la tòfona. D'entre les espècies dins el gènere Hydnum, n'hi ha que creixen sobre el sòl i altres ho fan sobre la fusta.

Algunes espècies

Segons el Dictionary of the Fungi (10th edition, 2008), aquest gènere conté 120 espècies.[2]

Referències

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Hydnum Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata
  1. «Hydnum L. 1753». MycoBank. International Mycological Association. [Consulta: 17 juny 2011].
  2. Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA.. Dictionary of the Fungi. 10a ed.. Wallingford, UK: CABI, 2008, p. 325. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
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Hydnum: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

provided by wikipedia CA

Hydnum és un gènere de bolets dins la família Hydnaceae. Són notables pels seus himenis amb l'aspecte de ser com dentats. Les espècies més conegudes són la lengua de bou (Hydnum repandum) i la lengua de bou rogenca (H. rufescens). El nom del gènere deriva del grec antic: (h)udnon/ύδνον, que era la paraula per designar la tòfona. D'entre les espècies dins el gènere Hydnum, n'hi ha que creixen sobre el sòl i altres ho fan sobre la fusta.

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Stoppelpilze ( German )

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Die Stoppelpilze (Hydnum) sind eine Pilzgattung aus der Familie der Stoppelpilzverwandten (Hydnaceae) und leben mit Bäumen in Symbiose. Die gestielten Fruchtkörper haben ein stacheliges Hymenophor, nur bei einer Form ist es glatt ausgeprägt.

Die Typusart ist der Semmel-Stoppelpilz (Hydnum repandum).

Merkmale

Makroskopische Merkmale

Die Fruchtkörper sind in Hut und Stiel gegliedert. Ihr Farbspektrum reicht von weißlich, über gelblich-braun bis hin zu orange-rötlich. Die Hüte haben jung zunächst eine filzige Oberfläche und verkahlen später. Selten sind sie etwas schuppig strukturiert. Unten sind sie mit pfriemförmigen, weißlich bis orangebraun gefärbten Stacheln bedeckt, die wiederum mit der sporenproduzierenden Fruchtschicht (Hymenium) überzogen sind. Lediglich die seltene Form depauperatum des Eisporigen Stoppelpilzes hat ein glattes Hymenophor. Das Sporenpulver hinterlässt einen weißen bis ockergelblichen Abdruck. Der vollfleischige Stiel ist zentral bis seitlich am Hut angewachsen. Das Fleisch (Trama) ist brüchig, ungezont und schmeckt im Alter manchmal bitter.[1][2]

Mikroskopische Merkmale

Das Hyphensystem ist monomitisch. Die dünnwandigen, teils aufgeblasenen und verzweigten Pilzfäden (Hyphen) sind durchsichtig (hyalin) und tragen Schnallen an den Querwänden (Hyphensepten). Die zylindrisch-keulenförmigen Sporenständer (Basidien) tragen an der Basis ebenfalls Schnallen. Pro Basidie reifen meist vier kugelige bis breit-elliptische Sporen heran. Sie sind dünnwandig, glatt, hyalin und zeigen bei Kontakt mit Iodlösung keine Farbreaktion (inamyloid). Sterile Elemente (Zystiden) fehlen.[1]

Gattungsabgrenzung

Andere fleischige und hutbildende Stachelpilze, die auf dem Boden fruktifizieren, wie Weißsporstachelinge (Bankera), Rußporlinge (Boletopsis) und Braunsporstachelinge (Sarcodon), besitzen gefärbte oder ornamentierte Sporen.

Ökologie

Die Fruchtkörper wachsen auf dem Erdboden, selten auch auf moderndem Holz. Die Stoppelpilze bilden mit den Wurzeln von Bäumen eine Ektomykorrhiza.

Arten

In Europa kommen 14 Arten vor bzw. sind dort zu erwarten.[3][4][5][6][7]

Systematik

Es werden folgende Untergattungen unterschieden:[8]

  • Alba
  • Brevispina
  • Hydnum
    • Sektion Hydnum
        • Hydnum boreorepandum
        • Semmel-Stoppelpilz (H. repandum)
    • Sektion Olympica
        • Hydnum slovenicum
  • Pallida
        • Hydnum ibericum
        • Ockerblasser Stoppelpilz (H. vesterholtii)
  • Rufescentia
    • Sektion Magnorufescentia
        • Hydnum magnorufescens
    • Sektion Rufescentia
      • Untersektion Mulsicoloria
        • Hydnum mulsicolor
      • Untersektion Ovoideispora
        • Eisporiger Stoppelpilz (H. ovoideisporum)
        • Hydnum subovoideisporum
      • Untersektion Rufescentia
        • Rotgelber Stoppelpilz (H. rufescens)
      • Untersektion Tenuliformia
        • Ellipsoidsporiger Stoppelpilz (H. ellipsosporum)

Einzelnachweise

  1. a b Achim Bollmann, Andreas Gminder, Peter Reil: Abbildungsverzeichnis europäischer Großpilze. In: Jahrbuch der Schwarzwälder Pilzlehrschau. 4. Auflage. Volume 2. Schwarzwälder Pilzlehrschau, 2007, ISSN 0932-920X (inkl. CD mit über 600 Gattungsbeschreibungen).
  2. Walter Jülich: Die Nichtblätterpilze, Gallertpilze und Bauchpilze. In: Kleine Kryptogamenflora. Band IIb: Basidiomyceten. 1. Teil. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart/ New York 1984, ISBN 3-437-20282-0, S. 110.
  3. Gernot Friebes: Zum derzeitigen Kenntnisstand der Stoppelpilze (Hydnum) in Europa. In: Der Tintling. Band 84. 5/2013, 2013, S. 53–57.
  4. Tine Grebenc, María P. Martín, Hojka Kraigher: Ribosomal ITS diversity among the European species of the genus Hydnum (Hydnaceae). In: Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid. 66S1, 2009, ISSN 0211-1322, S. 121–132, doi:10.3989/ajbm.2221 (csic.es [PDF; 818 kB]).
  5. Ibai Olariaga, Tine Grebenc, Isabel Salcedo, María P. Martín: Two new species of Hydnum with ovoid basidiospores: H. ovoideisporum and H. vesterholtii. In: Mycologia. Band 104, Nr. 6, 2012, S. 1443–1455, doi:10.3852/11-378.
  6. Alfredo Vizzini, B. Picillo, E. Ercole, S. Voyron, Marco Contu: Detecting the variability of Hydnum ovoideisporum (Agaricomycetes, Cantharellales) on the basis of Italian collections, and H. magnorufescens sp. nov. In: Mycosphere. Band 4, Nr. 1, 2013, S. 32–44, doi:10.5943/mycosphere/4/1/2 (mycosphere.org [PDF; 644 kB]).
  7. Tuula Niskanen, Kare Liimatainen, Jorinde Nuytinck, Paul Kirk, Ibai Olariaga Ibarguren,Roberto Garibay-Orijel, Lorelei Norvell, Seppo Huhtinen, Ilkka Kytövuori, Juhani Ruotsalainen†,Tuomo Niemelä, Joseph F. Ammirati, Leho Tedersoo: Identifying and naming the currently known diversity of the genusHydnum,with an emphasis on European and North American taxa. In: Mycologia. Band 110, Nr. 5, 2018, S. 890–918.
  8. Ting Cao, Ya-Ping Hu, Jia-Rui Yu, Tie-Zheng Wei, Hai-Sheng Yuan: A phylogenetic overview of the Hydnaceae (Cantharellales, Basidiomycota) with new taxa from China. In: Studies in Mycology. Band 99, 1. Juni 2021, ISSN 0166-0616, S. 100121, doi:10.1016/j.simyco.2021.100121, PMID 35035603, PMC 8717575 (freier Volltext) – (sciencedirect.com [abgerufen am 1. März 2022]).
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Stoppelpilze: Brief Summary ( German )

provided by wikipedia DE

Die Stoppelpilze (Hydnum) sind eine Pilzgattung aus der Familie der Stoppelpilzverwandten (Hydnaceae) und leben mit Bäumen in Symbiose. Die gestielten Fruchtkörper haben ein stacheliges Hymenophor, nur bei einer Form ist es glatt ausgeprägt.

Die Typusart ist der Semmel-Stoppelpilz (Hydnum repandum).

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Hydnum

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Hydnum is a genus of fungi in the family Hydnaceae. They are notable for their unusual spore-bearing structures of teeth rather than gills. The best known are the edible species Hydnum repandum and H. rufescens. There are no known toxic varieties of Hydnum.[2] Widely regarded as important maintainers of forest ecosystems, the Hydnum genus is known to have ectomycorrhizal relationships with multiple plant families.[3] Hydnum has many brittle, white teeth from which the spores drop. Some species have teeth which hang from ascending branches, while other species have teeth which project downwards from the undersurfaces of dead wood. Most Hydnum species are safe to eat, and contain many fatty acids and antioxidants.[4]

Taxonomy and diversity

Hydnum species are found on every continent that is habitable for plant life, with some preferring deep forest regions.[5] Most of the common species, such as H. repandum and H. rufescens can be located in Europe, East Asia, and Australia.[6]

Hydnum repandum is a common and edible species. Also called the "hedgehog mushroom", H. repandum is most often found in Europe, Mexico, and North America.[3] The smooth cap grows as wide as 8 inches across, and the stem is off-center and is less than 2 inches long. H. repandum is often confused in looks for its similar tasting cousin, the Chantrelle mushroom.[7] Medicinally, H. repandum has shown promising signs in preventing malignant sarcomas in mice.[8]

Hydnum rufescens is another common edible variety of hydnum. Known locally as the terracotta hedgehog mushroom, it can be found in Portugal.[9] It has been found to contain high levels of fatty acids and nutrients essential to the human diet.[9]

Hydnum minum is a new species that was described in 2015. First located in Japan, H. minum is identifiable by a "whitish basidiomata", or spore-producing structure.[6]

Hydnum vesterholtii has been newly found in calcium rich areas of the Mediterranean, as well as in the Pyrenees and Italy, and is recognized by a ochre tinted spore cap.[10]

Hydnum ovoideisporum, much like H. vesterholtii, has an orangish colored cap. It is also found in the Iberian-Mediterranian climate and is fond of calcium rich soils.[11]

Species

References

  1. ^ "Hydnum L. 1753". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2011-06-17.
  2. ^ Cao, Ting; Hu, Ya-Ping; Yu, Jia-Rui; Wei, Tie-Zheng; Yuan, Hai-Sheng (2021-06-01). "A phylogenetic overview of the Hydnaceae (Cantharellales, Basidiomycota) with new taxa from China". Studies in Mycology. 99 (1): 100121. doi:10.1016/j.simyco.2021.100121. PMC 8717575. PMID 35035603.
  3. ^ a b Feng, Bang; Wang, Xiang-Hua; Ratkowsky, David; Gates, Genevieve; Lee, Su See; Grebenc, Tine; Yang, Zhu L. (May 2016). "Multilocus phylogenetic analyses reveal unexpected abundant diversity and significant disjunct distribution pattern of the Hedgehog Mushrooms (Hydnum L.)". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 25586. doi:10.1038/srep25586. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4858670. PMID 27151256.
  4. ^ Sułkowska-Ziaja, Katarzyna; Muszyńska, Bożena; Szewczyk, Agnieszka (April 2015). "Antioxidant components of selected indigenous edible mushrooms of the obsolete order Aphyllophorales". Revista Iberoamericana de Micología. 32 (2): 99–102. doi:10.1016/j.riam.2013.10.011. PMID 24657542.
  5. ^ Sugawara, Ryo; Sotome, Kozue; Maekawa, Nitaro; Nakagiri, Akira; Endo, Naoki (May 2021). "Mycorrhizal synthesis, morpho-anatomical characterization of mycorrhizae, and evaluation of mycorrhiza-forming ability of Hydnum albidum–like species using monokaryotic and dikaryotic cultures". Mycorrhiza. 31 (3): 349–359. doi:10.1007/s00572-021-01024-7. ISSN 0940-6360. PMID 33616720. S2CID 231990526.
  6. ^ a b Sugawara, Ryo; Maekawa, Nitaro; Sotome, Kozue; Nakagiri, Akira; Endo, Naoki (2022-03-04). "Systematic revision of Hydnum species in Japan". Mycologia. 114 (2): 413–452. doi:10.1080/00275514.2021.2024407. ISSN 0027-5514. PMID 35394899. S2CID 248050053.
  7. ^ Antonyuk, Volodymyr; Panchak, Lidiia V.; Antonyuk, Lidiia Ya; Zyn, Alina R. (2021-01-17). "Extractive Substances of Fruit Body Golden Chanterelle (Cantharellus Cibarius Fr.) and Hedgehog Mushroom (Hydnum Repandum Fr.)". Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture: 826. doi:10.9755/ejfa.2020.v32.i11.2195. ISSN 2079-0538. S2CID 234177776.
  8. ^ Peksen, A; Kibar, B; Yakupoglu, G (2013-10-14). "Favourable culture conditions for mycelial growth of Hydnum repandum, a medicinal mushroom". African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines. 10 (6): 431. doi:10.4314/ajtcam.v10i6.4. ISSN 0189-6016. PMC 3847377. PMID 24311862.
  9. ^ a b Ribeiro, Bárbara; Guedes de Pinho, Paula; Andrade, Paula B.; Baptista, Paula; Valentão, Patrícia (2009-09-01). "Fatty acid composition of wild edible mushrooms species: A comparative study". Microchemical Journal. 93 (1): 29–35. doi:10.1016/j.microc.2009.04.005. hdl:10198/4409. ISSN 0026-265X.
  10. ^ Vizzini, A; Picillo, B; Ercole, E; Voyron, S; Contu, M (2012). "Detecting the variability of Hydnum ovoideisporum (Agaricomycetes, Cantharellales) on the basis of Italian collections, and H. magnorufescens sp. nov" (PDF). Mycosphere. 4 (1): 32–44. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/4/1/2.
  11. ^ Olariaga, Ibai; Grebenc, Tine; Salcedo, Isabel; Martín, María P. (2012-11-01). "Two new species of Hydnum with ovoid basidiospores: H. ovoideisporum and H. vesterholtii". Mycologia. 104 (6): 1443–1455. doi:10.3852/11-378. ISSN 0027-5514. S2CID 44252712.
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Hydnum: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Hydnum is a genus of fungi in the family Hydnaceae. They are notable for their unusual spore-bearing structures of teeth rather than gills. The best known are the edible species Hydnum repandum and H. rufescens. There are no known toxic varieties of Hydnum. Widely regarded as important maintainers of forest ecosystems, the Hydnum genus is known to have ectomycorrhizal relationships with multiple plant families. Hydnum has many brittle, white teeth from which the spores drop. Some species have teeth which hang from ascending branches, while other species have teeth which project downwards from the undersurfaces of dead wood. Most Hydnum species are safe to eat, and contain many fatty acids and antioxidants.

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Narmik ( Estonian )

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Disambig gray.svg See artikkel on seeneperekonnast kukeseenelaadsete seltsist; samanimelise seeneperekonna (Phellodon) kohta lehternahkiselaadsete seltsist vaata narmik (lehternahkiselaadne); samblaperekonnast (Ptilidium) vaata narmik (sammal).

Narmik (Hydnum) on seente perekond kukeseenelaadsete seltsist, narmikuliste sugukonnast.

Perekonna eestikeelne nimi on viide sellele, et erinevalt enamikust kübaraga seentest on selles perekonnas eoslehekeste asemel narmad.

Eesti liigid

  • Hydnum albidum Peck
  • Hydnum byssinum Schrad.
  • Hydnum cinereum Bull.
  • Hydnum repandum L. – timpnarmik
  • Hydnum rufescens Schaeff. – pruunjas narmik
  • Hydnum umbilicatum Peck
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Narmik: Brief Summary ( Estonian )

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Narmik (Hydnum) on seente perekond kukeseenelaadsete seltsist, narmikuliste sugukonnast.

Perekonna eestikeelne nimi on viide sellele, et erinevalt enamikust kübaraga seentest on selles perekonnas eoslehekeste asemel narmad.

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Hydnum ( French )

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Les hydnes forment un genre de champignons basidiomycètes de la famille des hydnacées, appelé écailleux.

Description

Leur nom est tiré du grec ûdnon, « tubercule » (désignant originellement la truffe) en référence à l'aspect bosselé de l'espèce-type Hydnum repandum mais leur caractéristique principale est un hyménium constitué non de lames ni de pores mais d'aiguillons[1].

Le genre Hydnum comprenait jadis tous les champignons à aiguillons mais a été progressivement déshabillé au profit d'autres genres tels que Auriscalpium, Hericium, Hydnellum, Phellodon, Sarcodon, Steccherinum, etc.

Liste des espèces

L'espèce type est Hydnum repandum L. (1753). Les autres espèces sont :

  • Hydnum abietinum (Pers.) Duby 1830
  • Hydnum abietis Weir ex Hubert 1931
  • Hydnum adustum Schwein. 1822
  • Hydnum aitchisonii Berk. 1876
  • Hydnum albidum Peck
  • Hydnum albonigrum Peck 1897
  • Hydnum alboviride Morgan 1887
  • Hydnum alliaceum Weinm. 1832
  • Hydnum alutaceum Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum ambiguum Berk. & Broome 1875
  • Hydnum amicum Qu'l. 1880
  • Hydnum argutum Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum artocreas Berk. & M.A. Curtis ex Cooke
  • Hydnum aspratum Berk.
  • Hydnum aterrimum Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum aurantiacum (Batsch) Alb. & Schwein. 1825
  • Hydnum auratile Britzelm. 1891
  • Hydnum aureum Fr. 1828
  • Hydnum auriscalpium L. 1753
  • Hydnum barba-jovis Bull. 1791
  • Hydnum bicolor Alb. & Schwein. 1805
  • Hydnum bienne (Bull.) Lam. & DC. 1805
  • Hydnum boveanum Mont. 1835
  • Hydnum bresadolae Quél.
  • Hydnum caeruleum Hornem. 1825
  • Hydnum calcareum Cooke & Massee 1892
  • Hydnum calvum Alb. & Schwein. 1805
  • Hydnum caput-medusae (Bull.) Pers. 1780
  • Hydnum casearium Morgan 1887
  • Hydnum chrysocomum
  • Hydnum ciliolatum Berk. & M.A. Curtis 1849
  • Hydnum cinereum
  • Hydnum circinatulum Schimp.
  • Hydnum cirrhatum Pers. 1794
  • Hydnum clathroides Pall. 1773
  • Hydnum conchatum Fr.
  • Hydnum concrescens Pers. 1796
  • Hydnum confluens Peck 1825
  • Hydnum connatum Rick 1959
  • Hydnum copelandii Pat. 1914
  • Hydnum coralloides Scop. 1772
  • Hydnum corrugatum
  • Hydnum cretaceum Cooke
  • Hydnum crinale Fr. 1838
  • Hydnum cristulatum Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum croceum (Schwein.) Fr. 1828
  • Hydnum crocidens Cooke
  • Hydnum crustosum (Pers.) Pers. 1801
  • Hydnum cyathiforme Schaeff. 1774
  • Hydnum denticulatum
  • Hydnum diabolus (Banker) A.H. Sm. 1949
  • Hydnum diaphanum Schrad. 1794
  • Hydnum dispersum Berk.
  • Hydnum diversidens Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum dusenii Henn.
  • Hydnum ebneri
  • Hydnum eichelbaumii Henn.
  • Hydnum epiphyllum Schwein. 1832
  • Hydnum erinaceus Bull. 1791
  • Hydnum fagineum (Pers.) Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum farinaceum Pers. 1801
  • Hydnum fennicum P. Karst.
  • Hydnum ferrugineum Fr. 1815
  • Hydnum ferruginosum (Pers.) Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum fimbriatum (Pers.) Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum flabelliforme Berk.
  • Hydnum flavicans Bres.
  • Hydnum flavum (Sw. : Fr.) Berk.
  • Hydnum fraceolens Brot.
  • Hydnum fragile Pers. 1801
  • Hydnum fulgens Fr. 1852
  • Hydnum fuligineoalbum J.C. Schmidt 1817
  • Hydnum fuscoatrum Fr. 1814
  • Hydnum fuscoindicum K.A.Harrison
  • Hydnum fuscoviolaceum (Ehrenb.) Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum fuscum Berk.
  • Hydnum gelatinosum Scop. 1772
  • Hydnum glabrescens
  • Hydnum granulosum (Pers.) Pers. 1825
  • Hydnum graveolens (Pers.) Fr. 1838
  • Hydnum helveticum Pers. 1825
  • Hydnum henningsii
  • Hydnum herpetodon Lév.
  • Hydnum hirtipes Bres.
  • Hydnum hollii (Schwein.) Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum hypoleucum Berk. & Broome 1873
  • Hydnum imbricatum L. 1753
  • Hydnum informe Rick 1932
  • Hydnum investiens Berk.
  • Hydnum isidioides Berk.
  • Hydnum lacteum (Fr.) Fr. 1823
  • Hydnum laeticola
  • Hydnum laeticolor Berk. & M.A. Curtis
  • Hydnum macrodon Pers. 1801
  • Hydnum melaleucum Fr. 1815
  • Hydnum melleum Berk. & Broome 1875
  • Hydnum membranaceum Bull. 1791
  • Hydnum mucidum Pers. 1792
  • Hydnum multiforme Berk. & Broome 1878
  • Hydnum muscicola Pers. 1825
  • Hydnum nigrum Fr. 1815
  • Hydnum niveum (Pers.) Pers. 1801
  • Hydnum nodulosum Fr. 1874
  • Hydnum obliquum Schrad. 1794
  • Hydnum ochraceum Pers. 1801
  • Hydnum omnivorum Shear 1925
  • Hydnum pachyodon Pers. 1825
  • Hydnum pallidum Cooke & Ellis
  • Hydnum papyraceum Wulfen 1786
  • Hydnum paradoxum Schrad. 1794
  • Hydnum parasiticum Pers. 1800
  • Hydnum peckii (Banker) Sacc. 1925
  • Hydnum pendulum (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum pergameneum Yasuda 1919
  • Hydnum petaloides Lloyd 1913
  • Hydnum pinastri Fr. 1814
  • Hydnum pseudomucidum Petch 1916
  • Hydnum pudorinum Fr. 1828
  • Hydnum pulcherrimum Berk. & M.A. Curtis 1849
  • Hydnum pusillum Brot. 1804
  • Hydnum pyramidatum Berk. & M.A. Curtis 1868
  • Hydnum queletii Fr. 1872
  • Hydnum quercinum (Pers.) Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum radula Fr. 1818
  • Hydnum raduloides P. Karst. 1883
  • Hydnum ramosum Schwein. 1788
  • Hydnum rawakense
  • Hydnum rigido-squamulosum Henn.
  • Hydnum rude (Pers.) Duby 1830
  • Hydnum rufescens Pers.
  • Hydnum rufulum Lév.Fungi
  • Hydnum scabrosum Fr. 1836
  • Hydnum schiedermayeri Heufl. 1870
  • Hydnum sclerodontium Berk. & Mont. 1844
  • Hydnum scrobiculatum Fr. 1815
  • Hydnum separans Peck 1898
  • Hydnum septentrionale Fr.
  • Hydnum seriatum Lloyd 1923
  • Hydnum serpuloides P. Henn.
  • Hydnum setosum Pers. 1825
  • Hydnum setulosum Berk. & M.A. Curtis 1873
  • Hydnum sinclairii Berk.
  • Hydnum sonatum
  • Hydnum sordidum Weinm. 1936
  • Hydnum spadiceum Pers. 1800
  • Hydnum spathulatum Schrad. 1794
  • Hydnum spongiosipes Peck 1897
  • Hydnum squalinum
  • Hydnum squamosum Schaeff. 1774
  • Hydnum stenodon Pers. 1825
  • Hydnum stevensonii Berk. & Broome 1875
  • Hydnum stipatum Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum suaveolens (Scop.) Fr.
  • Hydnum subalbidum
  • Hydnum subgelatinosum P. Karst. 1882
  • Hydnum sublamellosum Bull. 1787
  • Hydnum subtile Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum subvinosum Berk. & Broome 1875
  • Hydnum sudans Alb. & Schwein. 1805
  • Hydnum thelephoreum L v. 1830
  • Hydnum tinctorium (Ellis & Everh.) Lloyd 1898
  • Hydnum tomentosum Schrad. 1794
  • Hydnum tubaeforme
  • Hydnum udum Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum uleanum P. Henn.
  • Hydnum umbilicatum
  • Hydnum unguiculatum (Pers.) Strenz 1861
  • Hydnum variecolor Secr. 1838
  • Hydnum velutinum Fr.
  • Hydnum versicolor Berk. & Broome 1875
  • Hydnum versipelle Fr.
  • Hydnum violascens Alb. & Schwein. 1805
  • Hydnum viride (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum weinmannii Fr. 1828
  • Hydnum wellingtonii Lloyd
  • Hydnum zonatum Batsch 1838

Notes et références

  1. Didier Borgarino, Christian Hurtado, Champignons de Provence: Haute-Provence, Provence et Midi méditerranéen, Edisud, 2001, p. 106

Voir aussi

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Hydnum: Brief Summary ( French )

provided by wikipedia FR

Les hydnes forment un genre de champignons basidiomycètes de la famille des hydnacées, appelé écailleux.

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Karpač ( Upper Sorbian )

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Karpač abo jelenc (łaćonsce: Hydnum abo Sarcodon) je ród hribow.

Hedgehog fungi2.jpg

Žórła

  • Filip Rězak: Němsko-serbski wšowědny słownik hornjołužiskeje rěče. L. A. Donnerhak, Budyšin 1920 (digitalizat).
  • Jurij Kral: Serbsko-němski słownik hornjołužiskeje rěče. Maćica Serbska, Budyšin 1927.
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Karpač: Brief Summary ( Upper Sorbian )

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Karpač abo jelenc (łaćonsce: Hydnum abo Sarcodon) je ród hribow.

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Hydnum ( Italian )

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Hydnum L., 1753 è un genere di funghi basidiomiceti della famiglia Hydnaceae.[1]. Al genere Hydnum appartengono funghi terricoli con imenio ad "aculei" ed aventi le seguenti caratteristiche.

Descrizione del genere

Cappello

Prevalentemente di forma irregolare.

Aculei

Acuti, fragili, disposti sulla pagina inferiore del cappello, decorrenti lungo il gambo, talvolta adunati.

Carne

Tenace, fragile e fibrosa.

Spore

Biancastre in massa.

Habitat

Nei boschi, su terreni ricchi di humus.

Commestibilità del genere

Alcune specie sono commestibili di ottimo valore (es. H. repandum ed H. rufescens).

Altre specie con imenoforo idnoide (es. Hydnellum peckii e Hydnellum caeruleum), in realtà appartenenti a un ordine differente, non sono commestibili.

Etimologia

Dal greco hùdnon = tartufo

Specie di Hydnum

La specie tipo è Hydnum repandum L. (1753), altre specie incluse nel genere sono:

  • Hydnum abietinum (Pers.) Duby 1830
  • Hydnum abietis Weir ex Hubert 1931
  • Hydnum adustum Schwein. 1822
  • Hydnum aitchisonii Berk. 1876
  • Hydnum albidum Peck
  • Hydnum albonigrum Peck 1897
  • Hydnum alboviride Morgan 1887
  • Hydnum alliaceum Weinm. 1832
  • Hydnum alutaceum Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum ambiguum Berk. & Broome 1875
  • Hydnum amicum Qu l. 1880
  • Hydnum argutum Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum artocreas Berk. & M.A. Curtis ex Cooke
  • Hydnum aspratum Berk.
  • Hydnum aterrimum Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum aurantiacum (Batsch) Alb. & Schwein. 1825
  • Hydnum auratile Britzelm. 1891
  • Hydnum aureum Fr. 1828
  • Hydnum auriscalpium L. 1753
  • Hydnum barba-jovis Bull. 1791
  • Hydnum bicolor Alb. & Schwein. 1805
  • Hydnum bienne (Bull.) Lam. & DC. 1805
  • Hydnum boveanum Mont. 1835
  • Hydnum bresadolae Quél.Fungi
  • Hydnum caeruleum Hornem. 1825
  • Hydnum calcareum Cooke & Massee 1892
  • Hydnum calvum Alb. & Schwein. 1805
  • Hydnum caput-medusae (Bull.) Pers. 1780
  • Hydnum casearium Morgan 1887
  • Hydnum chrysocomum
  • Hydnum ciliolatum Berk. & M.A. Curtis 1849
  • Hydnum cinereum
  • Hydnum circinatulum Schimp.
  • Hydnum cirrhatum Pers. 1794
  • Hydnum clathroides Pall. 1773
  • Hydnum conchatum Fr.
  • Hydnum concrescens Pers. 1796
  • Hydnum confluens Peck 1825
  • Hydnum connatum Rick 1959
  • Hydnum copelandii Pat. 1914
  • Hydnum coralloides Scop. 1772
  • Hydnum corrugatum
  • Hydnum cretaceum CookeFungi
  • Hydnum crinale Fr. 1838
  • Hydnum cristulatum Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum croceum (Schwein.) Fr. 1828
  • Hydnum crocidens Cooke
  • Hydnum crustosum (Pers.) Pers. 1801
  • Hydnum cyathiforme Schaeff. 1774
  • Hydnum denticulatum
  • Hydnum diabolus (Banker) A.H. Sm. 1949
  • Hydnum diaphanum Schrad. 1794
  • Hydnum dispersum Berk.
  • Hydnum diversidens Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum dusenii Henn.Fungi
  • Hydnum ebneri
  • Hydnum eichelbaumii Henn.Fungi
  • Hydnum epiphyllum Schwein. 1832
  • Hydnum erinaceus Bull. 1791
  • Hydnum fagineum (Pers.) Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum farinaceum Pers. 1801
  • Hydnum fennicum P. Karst.
  • Hydnum ferrugineum Fr. 1815
  • Hydnum ferruginosum (Pers.) Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum fimbriatum (Pers.) Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum flabelliforme Berk.Fungi
  • Hydnum flavicans Bres.Fungi
  • Hydnum flavum (Sw. : Fr.) Berk.
  • Hydnum fraceolens Brot.Fungi
  • Hydnum fragile Pers. 1801
  • Hydnum fulgens Fr. 1852
  • Hydnum fuligineoalbum J.C. Schmidt 1817
  • Hydnum fuscoatrum Fr. 1814
  • Hydnum fuscoindicum K.A.Harrison
  • Hydnum fuscoviolaceum (Ehrenb.) Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum fuscum Berk.
  • Hydnum gelatinosum Scop. 1772
  • Hydnum glabrescens
  • Hydnum granulosum (Pers.) Pers. 1825
  • Hydnum graveolens (Pers.) Fr. 1838
  • Hydnum helveticum Pers. 1825
  • Hydnum henningsii
  • Hydnum herpetodon Lév.Fungi
  • Hydnum hirtipes Bres.Fungi
  • Hydnum hollii (Schwein.) Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum hypoleucum Berk. & Broome 1873
  • Hydnum imbricatum L. 1753
  • Hydnum informe Rick 1932
  • Hydnum investiens Berk.
  • Hydnum isidioides Berk.
  • Hydnum lacteum (Fr.) Fr. 1823
  • Hydnum laeticola
  • Hydnum laeticolor Berk. & M.A. Curtis
  • Hydnum macrodon Pers. 1801
  • Hydnum melaleucum Fr. 1815
  • Hydnum melleum Berk. & Broome 1875
  • Hydnum membranaceum Bull. 1791
  • Hydnum mucidum Pers. 1792
  • Hydnum multiforme Berk. & Broome 1878
  • Hydnum muscicola Pers. 1825
  • Hydnum nigrum Fr. 1815
  • Hydnum niveum (Pers.) Pers. 1801
  • Hydnum nodulosum Fr. 1874
  • Hydnum obliquum Schrad. 1794
  • Hydnum ochraceum Pers. 1801
  • Hydnum omnivorum Shear 1925
  • Hydnum pachyodon Pers. 1825
  • Hydnum pallidum Cooke & EllisFungi
  • Hydnum papyraceum Wulfen 1786Fungi
  • Hydnum paradoxum Schrad. 1794
  • Hydnum parasiticum Pers. 1800
  • Hydnum peckii (Banker) Sacc. 1925
  • Hydnum pendulum (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum pergameneum Yasuda 1919
  • Hydnum petaloides Lloyd 1913
  • Hydnum pinastri Fr. 1814
  • Hydnum pseudomucidum Petch 1916
  • Hydnum pudorinum Fr. 1828
  • Hydnum pulcherrimum Berk. & M.A. Curtis 1849
  • Hydnum pusillum Brot. 1804
  • Hydnum pyramidatum Berk. & M.A. Curtis 1868
  • Hydnum queletii Fr. 1872
  • Hydnum quercinum (Pers.) Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum radula Fr. 1818
  • Hydnum raduloides P. Karst. 1883
  • Hydnum ramosum Schwein. 1788
  • Hydnum rawakense
  • Hydnum rigido-squamulosum Henn.Fungi
  • Hydnum rude (Pers.) Duby 1830
  • Hydnum rufescens Pers. 1801Fungi
  • Hydnum rufescens (Sch.) Fr.
  • Hydnum rufescens Pers. : Fr.
  • Hydnum rufescens Pers.
  • Hydnum rufulum Lév.Fungi
  • Hydnum scabrosum Fr. 1836
  • Hydnum schiedermayeri Heufl. 1870
  • Hydnum sclerodontium Berk. & Mont. 1844
  • Hydnum scrobiculatum Fr. 1815
  • Hydnum separans Peck 1898
  • Hydnum septentrionale Fr.
  • Hydnum seriatum Lloyd 1923
  • Hydnum serpuloides P. Henn.Fungi
  • Hydnum setosum Pers. 1825
  • Hydnum setulosum Berk. & M.A. Curtis 1873
  • Hydnum sinclairii Berk.Fungi
  • Hydnum sonatum
  • Hydnum sordidum Weinm. 1936
  • Hydnum spadiceum Pers. 1800
  • Hydnum spathulatum Schrad. 1794
  • Hydnum spongiosipes Peck 1897
  • Hydnum squalinum
  • Hydnum squamosum Schaeff. 1774
  • Hydnum stenodon Pers. 1825
  • Hydnum stevensonii Berk. & Broome 1875
  • Hydnum stipatum Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum suaveolens (Scop.) Fr.
  • Hydnum subalbidum (same)
  • Hydnum subgelatinosum P. Karst. 1882
  • Hydnum sublamellosum Bull. 1787
  • Hydnum subtile Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum subvinosum Berk. & Broome 1875
  • Hydnum sudans Alb. & Schwein. 1805
  • Hydnum thelephoreum L v. 1830
  • Hydnum tinctorium (Ellis & Everh.) Lloyd 1898
  • Hydnum tomentosum Schrad. 1794
  • Hydnum tubaeforme
  • Hydnum udum Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum uleanum P. Henn.Fungi
  • Hydnum umbilicatum (same)
  • Hydnum unguiculatum (Pers.) Strenz 1861
  • Hydnum variecolor Secr. 1838
  • Hydnum velutinum Fr.
  • Hydnum versicolor Berk. & Broome 1875
  • Hydnum versipelle Fr.
  • Hydnum violascens Alb. & Schwein. 1805
  • Hydnum viride (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. 1821
  • Hydnum weinmannii Fr. 1828
  • Hydnum wellingtonii Lloyd
  • Hydnum zonatum Batsch 1838

Sinonimi

  • Dentinum S. F. Gray, A Natural Arrangement of British Plants 1: 650. 1 Nov 1821.
  • Tyrodon P. A. Karsten, Rev. Mycol. (Toulouse) 3(9): 19. 1 Jan 1881; Meddeland.

Note

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Hydnum: Brief Summary ( Italian )

provided by wikipedia IT

Hydnum L., 1753 è un genere di funghi basidiomiceti della famiglia Hydnaceae.. Al genere Hydnum appartengono funghi terricoli con imenio ad "aculei" ed aventi le seguenti caratteristiche.

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Dyglutis ( Lithuanian )

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Dyglutis (lot. Hydnum) – dyglutinių (Hydnaceae) šeimos grybų gentis.

Šiai genčiai priklauso:

Fotografijos

Literatūra

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Dyglutis: Brief Summary ( Lithuanian )

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Dyglutis (lot. Hydnum) – dyglutinių (Hydnaceae) šeimos grybų gentis.

Šiai genčiai priklauso:

Raukšlėtasis dyglutis (Hydnum repandum) Rausvagelsvis dyglutis (Hydnum rufescens) Korališkasis trapiadyglis (Hydnum coralloides)
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Hydnum ( Polish )

provided by wikipedia POL

Hydnum L. (kolczak) – rodzaj grzybów z rodziny kolczakowatych (Hydnaceae)[1].

Systematyka i nazewnictwo

Pozycja w klasyfikacji według Index Fungorum: Hydnaceae, Cantharellales, Incertae sedis, Agaricomycetes, Agaricomycotina, Basidiomycota, Fungi[1].

Synonimy naukowe: Bidonia Adans., Dentinum Gray, Nat. Dicarphus Raf., Bull. Echinus Haller, Erinaceus Dill. ex Maratti, Hypothele Paulet, Tyrodon P. Karst[2].

Nazwę polską podał Józef Jundziłł w 1830 r[3].

Charakterystyka

Grzyby mikoryzowe. Kolce na dolnej stronie kapelusza jasne, łamliwe. Miąższ białawy, kruchej konsystencji, łamliwy. Smak surowych płatków owsianych, po dłuższym żuciu ostrawy. Trzony centralne do położonych bocznie. Wysyp zarodników biały nieamyloidalny. Zarodniki okrągławe do szerokoeliptycznych, gładkie, bez pory rostkowej[4].

Niektóre gatunki

Wykaz gatunków (nazwy naukowe) na podstawie Index Fungorum. Obejmuje wszystkie gatunki występujące w Polsce i niektóre inne[5]. Nazwy polskie według Władysława Wojewody[3].

Przypisy

  1. a b Index Fungorum (ang.). [dostęp 2013-11-12].
  2. Species Fungorum (ang.). [dostęp 2013-11-12].
  3. a b Władysław Wojewoda: Checklist of Polish Larger Basidiomycetes. Krytyczna lista wielkoowocnikowych grzybów podstawkowych Polski. Kraków: W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2003. ISBN 83-89648-09-1.
  4. Ewald Gerhardt: Grzyby – wielki ilustrowany przewodnik. KDC, s. 564. ISBN 83-7404-513-2.
  5. Index Fungorum (gatunki) (ang.). [dostęp 2013-10-20].
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Hydnum: Brief Summary ( Polish )

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Hydnum L. (kolczak) – rodzaj grzybów z rodziny kolczakowatych (Hydnaceae).

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Hydnum ( Portuguese )

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Hydnum é um gênero de fungo pertence à família Hydnaceae.[1][2]

Espécies

Hydnaceae

Sistotrema


Hydnum

Hydnum ambustum



Hydnum umbilicatum



Hydnum investiens



Hydnum molluscum



Hydnum papyraceum



Hydnum rufescens



Hydnum repandum



Hydnum dispersum



Hydnum elatum



Hydnum durieui



Hydnum ellipsosporum




Burgoa



Paullicorticium



Ingoldiella



Osteomorpha



Cystidiodendron



Repetobasidiellum



Gloeomucro



Corallofungus



Galeria

Referências

  1. «Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.». Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.). Species 2000: Reading, UK. 2011. Consultado em 24 de setembro de 2012
  2. Species Fungorum. Kirk P.M., 2010-11-23
  • Este artigo foi inicialmente traduzido, total ou parcialmente, do artigo da Wikipédia em sueco, cujo título é «Mat-taggsvampar».
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Hydnum: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

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Hydnum é um gênero de fungo pertence à família Hydnaceae.

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Гиднум ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
Царство: Грибы
Подцарство: Высшие грибы
Подотдел: Agaricomycotina
Порядок: Кантарелловые
Семейство: Ежовиковые
Род: Гиднум
Международное научное название

Hydnum L., 1753, nom. cons.

Типовой вид Wikispecies-logo.svg
Систематика
на Викивидах
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NCBI 57133EOL 19142MB 17797

Ги́днум (лат. Hydnum), или ежо́вик, иногда колчак[1]род грибов, входящий в семейство Ежовиковые (Hydnaceae). Ранее в этот род включались все грибы с шиповатым гименофором.

Название образовано от др.-греч. ύδνον — «трюфель», «съедобный гриб».

Биологическое описание

Плодовые тела с выраженными шляпкой и ножкой. Шляпка с матовой, бархатистой поверхностью, не чешуйчатая, окрашена в беловатые, желтоватые или рыжеватые тона. Ножка также бархатистая, с возрастом становится гладкой, окрашена так же, как шляпка, или более светлая. Гименофор располагается на нижней поверхности шляпки, состоит из беловатых или красно-рыжеватых шипиков. Мякоть мясистая, однородная.

Гифальная система мономитическая, на разветвлённых вздутых гифах имеются пряжки и септы. Базидии 3—6-споровые, цилиндрической или булавовидной формы. Споры почти шаровидной или эллиптической формы, с гладкими тонкими стенками, неокрашенные.

Представители рода — сапротрофы или микоризообразователи, большей частью произрастающие на земле. Некоторые виды предпочитают гниющую древесину.

Таксономия

Синонимы

Виды

Род Гиднум включает около 120 видов[2]. Некоторые из них:

Примечания

  1. Ежовик // Докеры — Железняков. — М. : Советская энциклопедия, 1952. — С. 490. — (Большая советская энциклопедия : [в 51 т.] / гл. ред. Б. А. Введенский ; 1949—1958, т. 15).
  2. Kirk P. M., Cannon P. F., Minter D. W., Stalpers J. A. et al. Ainsworth & Bisby's Dictionary of the Fungi. — CAB International, 2008. — ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
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Гиднум: Brief Summary ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию

Ги́днум (лат. Hydnum), или ежо́вик, иногда колчак — род грибов, входящий в семейство Ежовиковые (Hydnaceae). Ранее в этот род включались все грибы с шиповатым гименофором.

Название образовано от др.-греч. ύδνον — «трюфель», «съедобный гриб».

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