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Hair Like Sedge

Carex capillaris L.

Associations

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In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / parasite
embedded sorus of Anthracoidea capillaris parasitises live ovary of Carex capillaris
Other: sole host/prey

Foodplant / parasite
telium of Puccinia dioicae var. silvatica parasitises live Carex capillaris

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Comments

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Carex capillaris is somewhat variable and is often divided into two infraspecific taxa. Plants from the south are larger, have pale brown pistillate scales, and serrulate perigynium beaks. Northern plants are smaller, have medium brown pistillate scales, and smooth perigynium beaks. These characteristics are only weakly correlated, making it difficult to assign individuals to these taxa except in a very arbitrary manner. When recognized, the southern plants are called subsp. capillaris (C. chlorostachya Steven, C. capillaris var. major Drejer ex Blytt), and the northern plants are called subsp. fuscidula (V. I. Kreczetovicz ex T. V. Egorova) Á. Löve & D. Löve.

T. V. Egorova (1964) recorded the Asian species Carex delicata C. B. Clarke (as C. karoi) from Colorado; no specimens have been seen that confirm that report, and it seems likely an error because T. V. Egorova (1999) indicated the species is restricted to Asia. This species has dense lateral spikes with 15–30 perigynia, the perigynia rounded at the apex and abruptly beaked, with the beak 0.1–0.2 mm.

Carex tiogana D. M. Taylor & J. Mastrogiuseppe from northern California cannot be satisfactorily distinguished from C. capillaris, although it possesses an uncommon combination of characteristics. It is probably best treated as a variety or subspecies of C. capillaris. Until a more satisfactory account of the variability in C. tiogana and its relationship with C. krausei is produced, its status must remain uncertain.

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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
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Flora of North America Vol. 23: 476 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Description

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Culms to 60 cm. Leaf blades flat or, sometimes, folded (in dwarf individuals), 2–9 cm × (0.75–)1–4 mm. Terminal spike usually staminate, level with or over-topped by some lateral spikes, 4–10 × 0.7–1.4 mm. Lateral spikes 2–4, 6–20-flowered, 5–20 × 3–4 mm, the proximal usually drooping, often ± erect in dwarf arctic-alpine plants. Pistillate scales pale to medium brown with hyaline margins and paler midvein, ovate, 1.8–2.8 × 1–1.5 mm, apex obtuse or acute. Staminate scales pale brown with hyaline margins and green or brown midvein, oblong, 2.5–3.2 × 1–1.2 mm, apex obtuse or acute. Perigynia veinless, except for 2 marginal veins, oblong-ovate, 2.3–3.5 × 0.8–1.2 mm; beak 0.5–1 mm, margins entire or serrulate. Achenes obovoid, 1.2–1.7 × 0.7–1 mm. 2n = 54.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 476 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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Distribution

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Greenland; St. Pierre and Miquelon; Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.W.T., N.S., Nunavut, Ont., Que., Sask., Yukon; Alaska, Calif., Colo., Idaho, Maine, Mich., Minn., Mont., Nev., N.H., N.Mex., N.Y., N.Dak., Oreg., S.Dak., Utah, Wis., Wyo.; n Eurasia.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 476 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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Flowering/Fruiting

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Fruiting late spring–mid summer.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 476 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Habitat

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Mesic to moist tundra, seeps on cliffs, rocks, and slopes, fens, meadows, shores, prairie sloughs, edges of sphagnum mats, moist woods; 0–3500m.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 476 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Synonym

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Carex chlorostachys Steven; C. fuscidula V. I. Kreczetovicz ex T. V. Egorova
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 476 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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Comprehensive Description

provided by North American Flora
Carex capillaris L. Sp. PI. 977. 1753
Carex pendula Genersich, Fl. Seep. Elench. no. 871. 1798. (Type from Hungary.)
Carex plena Clairv. Man. 292. 1811. (Type from Switzerland.)
Carex chlorostachys Steven, Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 4: 68. 1813. (Type from Siberia.)
Trasus capillaris S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. PI. 2: 66. 1821. (Based on Carex capillaris L.)
Loxotrema capillaris Raf. Good Book 25. 1840. (Based on Carex capillaris L.)
Carex capillaris var. a (tenuior) Drejer, Nat. Tidssk. 3: 471. 1841. (Type from Iceland.)
Carex capillaris var. (major) Drejer, Nat. Tidssk. 3: 472. 1841. (Type from Greenland.)
Carex nana Cham.; Steud. Syn. Cyp. 228. 1855. (Type from Unalaska.) Not C. nana Lam. 1789.
Carex saskatschewana Bock. Linnaea 41 : 159. 1877. (Type from Saskatchewan.)
Carex Krausei Bock. Bot. Jahrb. 7:279. 1886. (Type from Alaska.)
Carex capillaris var. Krausei Krantz; Macoun, Cat. Can. PI. 4: 163. 1888. (Based on C. Krausei
Bock.) Carex capillaris var. minima G. Beck. Fl. Nied.-Oesterr. 144. 1890. (Type from central Europe.) Carex capillaris subsp. Karoi Freyn, Osterr. Bot. Zeits. 40: 303. 1890. (Type from eastern Siberia.) Carex capillaris f. alpestris Norman, Forh. Vid.-Selsk. Christ. 27 ,s : 52, without description. 1893.
(Type from Norway.) Carex Chamissonis Meinsh. Acta Hort. Petrop. 18: 361. 1901. Not C. Chamissoi Bock. 187, Carex capillaris var. elongata Olney, Caric. -Bor. Am. 5, without description. 1871; Fernald, Proc.
Am. Acad. 37: 509. 1902. (Type from Twin Lakes, Colorado.) Carex capillaris f. saskatchewana "L. H. Bailey" Kukenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4 20 : 590. 1909.
(Based on C. saskatchewana Bock.) Carex capillaris f. major "Drejer" Kukenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4 20 : 590. 1909. (Based on
C. capillaris var. (major) Drejer.) Carex capillaris f. minima "Beck" Kukenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4 !0 : 590. 1909. (Based on
C. capillaris var. minima Beck.) Carex capillaris var. nana Kukenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4 20 : 591. 1909. (Based on C. nana
Cham.) Carex capillaris var. nana f. Krausei Kukenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4 20 : 591. 1909. (Based on
C. Krausei Bock.)
Cespitose in small dense clumps, the rootstocks short, the stolons very short, ascending, the culms 0.3-6 dm. high, erect or decumbent, normally very slender, occasionally stiff, usually much exceeding the leaves, phyllopodic, obtusely triangular, smooth, brownish-tinged or purplish-brown-tinged and more or less fibrillose at base, the dried-up leaves of the previous year conspicuous; leaves with well-developed blades usually 5-8 to a fertile culm, clustered toward the base, the blades flat or slightly channeled toward the base, deep-green or lightgreen, thin, firm, 2-9 cm. long, usually 0.75-2.5 mm. wide, roughened at apex, the sheaths tight, truncate at mouth, the ligule very short; terminal spikes stamina te (sometimes gynaecandrous), very slender, 4-8 mm. long, barely 1 mm. wide, several-flowered, usually overtopped by the uppermost pistillate spike, the peduncle slender, short, roughish, the scales oblongobovate to lanceolate, acute or obtuse, yellowish-straw-colored with greenish midrib and whitehyaline margins; pistillate spikes 2 or 3, on very slender, nearly smooth, elongate, drooping peduncles, approximate to widely separate, linear-oblong, 5-15 mm. long, 3-4 mm. wide, containing 3-20 ascending perigynia, loosely arranged in few rows; bracts long-sheathing, tubular, the sheaths green, the blades leaflet-like, rather short, usually strongly exceeded by culm; scales closely appressed, orbicular-ovate, obtuse or acute, rather wider but much shorter than the perigynia, thin, smooth, early-deciduous, light-chestnut, with lighter midrib and conspicuous white-hyaline apex and less conspicuous margins; perigynia ovoid-lanceolate, 2.5-3 mm. long, 0.75 mm. wide, obtusely triangular in cross-section, slightly inflated, slightly ciliate, serrulate, membranaceous, greenish-brown, 2-ribbed, otherwise nerveless, rounded at base and strongly stipitate, contracted into a minutely white-hyaline-tipped, conic, entire or nearly so, straight beak 1 mm. long, with oblique orifice; achenes obovoid, 1.5 mm. long, 0.75 mm. wide, triangular with brownish concave sides and blunt greenish angles, closely filling body of perigynium, granular, substipitate, short-apiculate, jointed with the short slender style; stigmas 3, slender, brownish, short.
Type locality: "Habitat in Sueciae pratis humidis."
Distribution: Dry sunny places in calcareous districts, Greenland to Alaska, and southward to Maine, the White Mountains of New Hampshire, northern New York, Michigan, and in the Rocky Mountains to New Mexico and Nevada. Widely distributed in arctic-alpine Eurasia. (Specimens examined from Greenland, Ellesmereland, Labrador, Newfoundland, Quebec, New Brunswick, Maine, New Hampshire, New York, Ontario, Michigan, Wisconsin, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Montana, Idaho, Utah, Nevada, British Columbia, Yukon, Mackenzie.)
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bibliographic citation
Kenneth Kent Mackenzie. 1935. (POALES); CYPERACEAE; CARICEAE. North American flora. vol 18(5). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Carex capillaris

provided by wikipedia EN

Carex capillaris, the hair-like sedge,[3] is a species of sedge found in North America and northern Eurasia[4] including Greenland.[5][6]

Carex tiogana, from northern California, is sometimes included in Carex capillaris. Two subspecies are accepted:[2]

  • Carex capillaris subsp. capillaris
  • Carex capillaris subsp. fuscidula (V.I.Krecz. ex T.V.Egorova) Á.Löve & D.Löve

Ecology

Carex capillaris is a known host to species of fungi, including Anthracoidea capillaris, Didymella proximella, Lophodermium caricinum and Puccinia dioicae.[7]

References

  1. ^ "Carex capillaris L." ipni.org. International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2018-10-20.
  2. ^ a b "Carex capillaris". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanical Gardens Kew. Retrieved 2018-10-20.
  3. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Carex capillaris". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 2018-10-20.
  4. ^ Ball, Peter W. (2002). "Carex capillaris". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 23. New York and Oxford. Retrieved 2018-10-20 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  5. ^ Grønlands flora. Tyge Wittrock Böcher (3. reviderede udgave ed.). København: P. Haase & Sons. 1978. ISBN 87-559-0385-1. OCLC 183098604.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  6. ^ Nordens flora. Bo Mossberg, Lennart Stenberg, Jon Feilberg, Anna Torsteinsrud, Victoria Widmark (Nye, udvidede og omarbejdede udgave ed.). Kbh.: Gyldendal. 2020. ISBN 978-87-02-28916-9. OCLC 1158895781.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  7. ^ Helgi Hallgrímsson & Guðríður Gyða Eyjólfsdóttir (2004). Íslenskt sveppatal I - smásveppir [Checklist of Icelandic Fungi I - Microfungi. Fjölrit Náttúrufræðistofnunar. Náttúrufræðistofnun Íslands [Icelandic Institute of Natural History]. ISSN 1027-832X

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Carex capillaris: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Carex capillaris, the hair-like sedge, is a species of sedge found in North America and northern Eurasia including Greenland.

Carex tiogana, from northern California, is sometimes included in Carex capillaris. Two subspecies are accepted:

Carex capillaris subsp. capillaris Carex capillaris subsp. fuscidula (V.I.Krecz. ex T.V.Egorova) Á.Löve & D.Löve
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