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Schreber's Big Red Stem Moss

Pleurozium schreberi Mitten 1869

Associations

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In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Entoloma argenteostriatum is associated with live Pleurozium schreberi

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Broad-scale Impacts of Plant Response to Fire

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More info for the terms: cover, forest, prescribed fire

Twenty-four years after a fire in a northern Swedish forest, Schreber's big red stem moss was still very rare in the severely burned areas [32].  The percent cover values of Schreber's big red stem moss in a jack pine (Pinus banksiana)-black spruce forest in northeastern Minnesota at different intervals after fire were as follows [1]: Years after fire 1-4 5 10 15 20 30 50 80 Cover (%) 0 1 2 3 3 3 9 5 For information on prescribed fire and postfire response of many plant species, including common liverwort, see Hamilton's Research Papers (Hamilton 2006a, Hamilton 2006b) and this Research Project Summary:
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Common Names

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Schreber's big red stem moss
feather moss
red-stemmed feather moss
Schreber's moss
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Description

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Schreber's big red stem moss is a perennial, relatively large, robust moss with a weave growth form.  It is usually prostrate or partly erect, freely branched, and grows in mats rather than tufts [24].  The stems are 2.4 to 4.5 inches (6-15 cm) long, and the leaves loosely imbricate [16].
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Distribution

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Schreber's big red stem moss is a widespread and common moss ranging from Greenland to Alaska south (principally in uplands) to North Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas, South Dakota, Colorado and west to Washington, California and Oregon.  It also is found in South America, Europe, and Asia [16,35]. It occurs in the Cordilleran Ranges and southward to Costa Rica, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, and Patagonia [35].  Schreber's big red stem moss is new to Mexico, where it has been found on the Cofre de Perote Volcano [18]. Distribution of Schreber's big red stem moss. Map from Flora of North America: Map courtesy of the Flora of North America Association [38] [210, March 23].
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Fire Ecology

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More info for the term: fire regime

Schreber's big red stem moss is not well adapted to fire.  It typically occurs in wet stands of white or black spruce that have a fire regime of 200 to 400 years [34].  When they do burn, the moss/lichen layer provide the major source of fuels.  These fuels take only minutes to reach equilibrium moisture content when the relative humidity changes; therefore, they are very flammable [36]. FIRE REGIMES: Find fire regime information for the plant communities in which this species may occur by entering the species name in the FEIS home page under "Find FIRE REGIMES".
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Habitat characteristics

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More info for the terms: bog, fern, mesic, peat

Schreber's big red stem moss often occurs in closed to semi-open coniferous forests predominantly in boreal and cool temperate climates.  It also occurs in damp woods, swamps, or margins of bogs.  Although Schreber's big red stem moss is most abundant in old, closed, mesic stands, it is also found in dry, nutrient-poor, open, black spruce-lichen stands in suitable areas at the base of birch (Betula spp.) and black spruce [19,21,35].  In Alabama, Schreber's big red stem moss is found growing abundantly on a large soil island over granite beneath Georgia oak (Quercus georgiana) [35]. Soils:  Schreber's big red stem moss occurs on humus and exposed mineral soil and coarse fragments or rocks [21].  It is often abundant on nitrogen-poor, acidic soils throughout much of its range and is sometimes used as an indicator of acidic soils [24,35].  The pH at one Schreber moss site is 5.7 [35].  Soil textures range from course to fine sand, loam, or clay-loam [17].  It normally does not grow on calcareous soils [2]. Plant associates:  Schreber's big red stem moss is often associated with the following species:  mountain fern moss (Hylocomium splendens), salal (Gaultheria shallon), big huckleberry (Vaccinium membranaceum), pachistima (Pachistima myrsinites), queencup beadlily (Clintonia uniflora), ptilium (Ptilium crista-castrensis), Labrador-tea, mountain cranberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea minus), bog blueberry, black crowberry (Empetrum nigra), and peat mosses (Sphagnum spp.) [12,21].
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Habitat: Cover Types

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This species is known to occur in association with the following cover types (as classified by the Society of American Foresters):

     1  Jack pine
     5  Balsam fir
    12  Black spruce
    13  Black spruce - tamarack
    18  Paper birch
    30  Red spruce - yellow birch
    31  Red spruce - sugar maple - beech
    32  Red spruce
    33  Red spruce - balsam fir
    34  Red spruce - Fraser fir
    35  Paper birch - red spruce - balsam fir
    37  Northern white-cedar
    38  Tamarack
   107  White spruce
   201  White spruce
   202  White spruce - paper birch
   204  Black spruce
   205  Mountain hemlock
   206  Engelmann spruce - subalpine fir
   225  Western hemlock - Sitka spruce
   226  Coastal true fir - hemlock
   251  White spruce - aspen
   253  Black spruce - white spruce
   254  Black spruce -  paper birch
   256  California mixed subalpine
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Habitat: Ecosystem

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This species is known to occur in the following ecosystem types (as named by the U.S. Forest Service in their Forest and Range Ecosystem [FRES] Type classification):

   FRES10  White - red - jack pine
   FRES11  Spruce - fir
   FRES18  Maple - beech - birch
   FRES19  Aspen - birch
   FRES20  Douglas-fir
   FRES22  Western white pine
   FRES23  Fir - spruce
   FRES24  Hemlock - Sitka spruce
   FRES25  Larch
   FRES26  Lodgepole pine
   FRES44  Alpine
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Habitat: Plant Associations

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This species is known to occur in association with the following plant community types (as classified by Küchler 1964):

More info for the terms: bog, forest

   K001  Spruce - cedar - hemlock forest
   K002  Cedar - hemlock - Douglas-fir forest
   K003  Silver fir - Douglas-fir forest
   K004  Fir - hemlock forest
   K005  Mixed conifer forest
   K008  Lodgepole pine - subalpine forest
   K013  Cedar - hemlock - pine forest
   K014  Grand fir - Douglas-fir forest
   K015  Western spruce - fir forest
   K020  Spruce - fir - Douglas-fir forest
   K021  Southwestern spruce - fir forest
   K093  Great Lakes spruce - fir forest
   K094  Conifer bog
   K095  Great Lakes pine forest
   K096  Northeastern spruce - fir forest
   K097  Southeastern spruce - fir forest
   K107  Northern hardwoods - fir forest
   K108  Northern hardwoods - spruce forest
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Immediate Effect of Fire

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Schreber's big red stem moss is generally killed by fire because it often lacks connection with the substrate [31,32].  Some moss species can survive on burned sites as fragments in the soil [1].
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Key Plant Community Associations

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More info for the terms: bog, codominant, cover, forest, succession, taiga

Schreber's big red stem moss typically occurs as a dominant or codominant ground
cover in stands dominated by white spruce (Picea glauca) or black
spruce (P. mariana).  The black spruce-Schreber's big red stem moss forest community
described by Foster [13] is the most widespread vegetation type in
southern Labrador and occupies a wide range of sites from poorly drained
outwash plains to convex slopes and hill crests.  In the black spruce/
bog blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum)-bog Labrador tea (Ledum
groenlandicum)/Schreber's big red stem moss community type described by Foote [12],
Schreber's big red stem moss commonly covers about half of the forest floor.
Published classification schemes identifying Schreber's big red stem moss as a
ground cover dominant or codominant are as follows:

Some forest types of central Newfoundland and their relation to
  environmental factors [7].
Forest community types of west-central Alberta in relation to selected
  environmental factors [6].
Classification, description, and dynamics of plant communities after
  fire in the taiga of interior Alaska [12].
A review of forest site classification activities in Newfoundland and
  Labrador [25].
Preliminary classification of forest vegetation of the Kenai Peninsula,
  Alaska [28].
Vegetation types and environmental factors associated with foothills gas
  pipeline route, Yukon Territory [30].
Flood-plain succession and vegetation classification in interior Alaska [33].
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Life Form

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More info for the term: bryophyte

Bryophyte
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Management considerations

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Schreber's big red stem moss is known to efficiently intercept nutrients contained in
precipitation and throughfall.  It therefore can prevent rapid leaching
of nutrients to lower horizons of the soil.  In view of its storage
capacity, the moss carpet can act as a reservoir in which a large
proportion of the potentially available nutrients found in the ecosystem
is sequestered.  However, it has also been recognized that mechanisms
may exist for the transfer of nutrients from the moss carpet to the
trees.  Mycorrhizal roots of some trees grow in close association with
mosses such as Schreber's big red stem moss.  Phosphate (32P) and carbon (14C)
applied to Schreber's big red stem moss shoots were absorbed by mycorrhizal mycelia
and transferred to infected lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) roots and
then to their shoots [4].

In 100-year-old stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), artificial acid
rain with a pH of 2.5 to 3.0 caused severe damage to Schreber's big red stem moss
[27].
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bibliographic citation
Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Occurrence in North America

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     AL  AK  AZ  AR  CA  CO  CT  DE  ID  IL
     IN  IA  KY  ME  MD  MA  MI  MN  MT  NH
     NJ  NY  NC  ND  OH  OR  PA  RI  SD  TN
     UT  VT  VA  WA  WV  WI  WY  AB  BC  MB
     NB  NF  NT  NS  ON  PE  PQ  SK  YT  MEXICO
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Other uses and values

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In the past, Schreber's big red stem moss was collected and used to block chinks in the walls of homes in Scandinavia.  It is still used for chinking log homes in Russia.  It was also used for lining fruit and vegetable storage boxes [29]. Schreber's big red stem moss is used as an indicator of heavy metal deposition [11,29].  It is often used in locating pollution sources and determining levels of pollution of heavy metals in the environment.  It absorbs metals over its entire surface and is little influenced by variations in substrate mineralization.  Close to the source, this moss accumulates high levels of metals [29].
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Phenology

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The beginning of blooming in mosses occurs when one or two archegonia open.  In North America, Schreber's big red stem moss blooms in August and September [24].  The gametangial develop in spring of the following year.  In Germany, fertilization generally occurs in May, while in Sweden it is delayed until July.  The spores are shed throughout the year following fertilization.  The dates given for capsule dehiscence in three countries are as follows [24]:         Sweden: May         Holland: February to May         Germany: February to March or March to April Capsules may persist on stems for at least twelve months after dehiscing [24].
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Plant Response to Fire

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More info for the term: cover

Schreber's big red stem moss recovery after fire is very slow [32,34].  It is not until favorable edaphic conditions and a closed or nearly closed canopy is established that Schreber's big red stem moss can spread and form a continuous moss cover.  It therefore often takes several decades before Schreber's big red stem moss will recover to prefire densities [32].
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Regeneration Processes

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More info for the terms: dioecious, phase, severity

Sexual reproduction:  Schreber's big red stem moss is a dioecious, pleurocarpous (producing the sporophytes laterally from short, lateral, specialized branches rather that at the stem tip) moss.  The spores are shed 9 to 12 months after fertilization [24].  The period of gametangial (structure containing the gametes) development in Schreber's big red stem moss is approximately 7 months for archegonia (female gametophyte) and 9 months for antheridia (male gametophtye).  The timing of gametangial development in spring may be influenced by the duration or severity of the winter [24].

Schreber's big red stem moss capsules (A) and spores (B). Wikimedia images By HermannSchachner.


Figure courtesy of Brooklyn Botanic Gardens. Vegetative reproduction:  Schreber's big red stem moss reproduces vegetatively by branching laterally.  The main stems of this moss are perennial and appear to be capable of indefinite growth.  There is a growth resting phase in the winter [24].
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Regional Distribution in the Western United States

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This species can be found in the following regions of the western United States (according to the Bureau of Land Management classification of Physiographic Regions of the western United States):

    1  Northern Pacific Border
    2  Cascade Mountains
    3  Southern Pacific Border
    4  Sierra Mountains
    5  Columbia Plateau
    6  Upper Basin and Range
    8  Northern Rocky Mountains
    9  Middle Rocky Mountains
   11  Southern Rocky Mountains
   12  Colorado Plateau
   13  Rocky Mountain Piedmont
   15  Black Hills Uplift
   16  Upper Missouri Basin and Broken Lands
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Successional Status

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More info for the terms: climax, cover, forest, lichens, succession

Obligate Climax Species Schreber's big red stem moss is very shade tolerant and typically occurs in stable late stages of succession.  After the canopy closes, Schreber's big red stem moss will generally form a continuous carpet on the forest floor [5].  Given a shady, humid, high-nutrient environment as is found on the cool, basal slopes of black spruce-white spruce-feather moss stands, Schreber's big red stem moss is a very effective competitor against other species.  It can quickly spread over and eliminate other ground cover such as lichens [19].
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Synonyms

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Calliergonella schreberi (Brid.) Grout
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Taxonomy

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The scientific name for Schreber's big red stem moss is Pleurozium
schreberi (Brid.) Mitt., J. Linn. [16,24,
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Tesky, Julie L. 1992. Pleurozium schreberi. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Travník Schreberův ( Czech )

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Travník Schreberův (Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt.) je mech, který tvoří rozsáhlé souvislé žlutozelené až zelené koberce.

Popis

Jde o statný mech, lodyžky jsou 10 až 15 cm dlouhé, pravidelně 1× zpeřené. Jejich červená až červenohnědá barva zřetelně prosvítá mezi sbíhavými, vydutými, široce vejčitými až zaoblenými, střechovitě přilehlými lodyžními listy. Má krátké, dvojité žebro, které však nedosahuje ani do 1/4 délky lístku, někdy dokonce chybí úplně. Buňky, které se nacházejí uprostřed čepele, mají čárkovitou strukturu a jsou hladké. Jedná se o dvoudomý druh. Druh je velmi vzácně plodný.

Sporofyt: Štět dosahuje délky až 4 centimetrů. Vyzdvihuje tobolku, která je nachýlená až vodorovná. Tobolka je válcovitého tvaru a dosahuje délky kolem 2 až 2,5 mm.

Ekologie

Je charakteristický pro kyselé substráty jehličnatých lesů. Roste na skalách, kamenech, tlejícím dřevě. Typickými biotopy jsou paseky, travnaté stráně, vřesoviště, lesy a rašeliniště.

Výskyt

V České republice je velice hojným druhem, je rozšířen od nížin po horské oblasti.

Možnost záměny

Tento druh je velmi dobře rozpoznatelný v terénu díky své červenohnědé lodyžce. Podobným druhem je lazovec čistý (Pseudoscleropodium purum), který však má lodyhu zelenou a není tak častým mechem.

Využití

V horských oblastech se používal jako tmel mezi spáry dřevěných obydlí nebo k podestýlání hospodářských zvířat. Dnes je jeho využití v biomonitoringu právě díky snadné rozpoznatelnosti a hojnému rozšíření.

Zdroje

  • Kubešová S., Novotný I., Musil Z., Plášek V. a Zmrhalová M. Mechorosty - součást naší přírody. Prostějov : Český svaz ochránců přírody, 2009. ISBN 978-80-254-6057-3
  • Krejča J. a kol. Velká kniha rostlin, hornin, minerálů a zkamenělin. Príroda, a.s., 1993, 1997. ISBN: 80-07-01572-8

Odkazy

Související články

Externí odkazy

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Travník Schreberův: Brief Summary ( Czech )

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Travník Schreberův (Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt.) je mech, který tvoří rozsáhlé souvislé žlutozelené až zelené koberce.

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Trind fyrremos ( Danish )

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Trind fyrremos (Pleurozium schreberi) er et meget almindeligt mossur og næringsfattig jord. Det kendes let på sine bleggrønne, stive mostæpper og rødbrune stængler. Det videnskabelige navn schreberi har trind fyrremos fået efter den tyske bryolog Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber (1739-1810). Mossets grene og stængler er trinde pga. dets hule blade, heraf kommer det danske navn.

Trind fyrremos har glinsende, regelmæssigt fjergrenede skud. Bladene er 2 mm lange og meget hule. De er afrundede eller har en lille, but spids. Bladet er uden ribbe eller den er kort og dobbelt. De hule, overlappende blade, som er presset mod stænglen, er med til at holde vand indesluttet og forsinke udtørring. Trind fyrremos kan minde om hulbladet fedtmos, men sidstnævnte har grøn stængel.

Trind fyrremos har en tendens til at ophobe metaller og andre giftstoffer. Den er derfor en indikator for forurening. [1]

Arten har tidligere, ligesom alm. etagemos, været anvendt til at tætne huse med, f.eks i Sverige, hvor den er meget almindelig i de store nåleskove. [2]


Trind fyrremos er udbredt i de tempererede og kolde dele (Taiga) af den nordlige halvkugle. Den findes desuden i Tyrkiet, Kaukasus, Mellemamerika, det nordlige Sydamerika og Ethiopien.


Pleurozium schreberi.jpeg Den rødbrune stængel

Noter

  1. ^ Multielement Concentration in Mosses in the Forest Influenced by Industrial Emissions Pdf-dokument
  2. ^ Hallingbäck, Tomas & Holmåsen, Ingmar. Mossor – en fälthandbok s. 40, Interpublishing AB, 1981. ISBN 91-86448-11-0

Kilder

  • Andersen, A.G. et al. Den danske mosflora. I. Bladmosser, 1976, Gyldendal, ISBN 87-01-30371-6.
  • Christiansen, M. Skytte. Flora i farver 2. Sporeplanter, 1978, Politikens Forlag, ISBN 87-567-2967-7.
  • Smith, A. J. E. The Moss Flora of Britain and Ireland, 2004, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-54672-0.



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Rotstängelmoos ( German )

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 src=
Blatt bei 40-facher Vergrößerung unter dem Mikroskop
 src=
Laminazellen bei 400-facher Vergrößerung

Das Rotstängelmoos (Pleurozium schreberi) ist ein häufiges Moos europäischer Wälder und Heiden.

Merkmale

Es handelt sich um kräftige Moose mit bis zu 15 cm langen Stämmchen. Am vorderen Ende sind sie locker, aber mehr oder weniger regelmäßig einfach gefiedert. Die Stämmchen selber sind bei den meisten Pflanzen rot und schimmern durch die blassgrünen Blätter hindurch.

Die Blätter der Stämmchen sind breit eiförmig und vorne mit einer stumpfen Spitze. Sie sind hohl und liegen dachziegelförmig aufeinander, so dass die Stämmchen wie kleine Würmer aussehen. Die Blätter der Äste sind ähnlich, aber schmaler. Eine Blattrippe fehlt oder ist kurz und doppelt.

Kapseln werden von diesem Moos eher selten gebildet.

Verbreitung

Das Rotstängelmoos kommt in den gemäßigten und kühlen Gebieten der Nordhemisphäre und in den Anden vor. In den Gebirgen steigt es bis über die Baumgrenze auf. In den Wäldern der Nordhemisphäre ist es eines der häufigsten Moose und kann artreine Massenbestände auf dem Waldboden bilden. Ebenso häufig wächst es aber auch in Gesellschaft anderer Moose wie zum Beispiel Hylocomium splendens, Dicranum scoparium oder Hypnum cupressiforme.

Es zieht saure Böden vor. Ansonsten ist es recht anspruchslos. Man trifft es in Wäldern, Heiden und Mooren.

Sonstiges

Das Moos wurde nach dem deutschen Botaniker Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber, einem Schüler von Linné, benannt.

Da die Art Metalle und andere Schadstoffe stark anreichert, kann deren Konzentration in den Pflanzen zur Untersuchung von Schadstoffeinträgen verwendet werden (Biomonitoring).[1][2] Ein Verfahren zur Erfassung der regionalen Stickstoffdeposition mittels Rotstängelmoos wurde mit der VDI-Richtlinie VDI 3957 Blatt 19 standardisiert.

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

  1. VDI 3957 Blatt 19:2009-12 Biologische Messverfahren zur Ermittlung und Beurteilung der Wirkung von Luftverunreinigungen (Bioindikation); Nachweis von regionalen Stickstoffdepositionen mit den Laubmoosen Scleropodium purum und Pleurozium schreberi (Biological measurement procedures to determine and assess the effects of ambient air pollutants (bioindication); Detection of regional nitrogen depositions with the mosses Scleropodium purum and Pleurozium schreberi). Beuth Verlag, Berlin, S. 3–5.
  2. Karsten Mohr: Biomonitoring von Stickstoffdeposition mit Moosen. In: Gefahrstoffe – Reinhalt. Luft. 74, Nr. 6, 2014, , S. 263–265.
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Rotstängelmoos: Brief Summary ( German )

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 src= Blatt bei 40-facher Vergrößerung unter dem Mikroskop  src= Laminazellen bei 400-facher Vergrößerung

Das Rotstängelmoos (Pleurozium schreberi) ist ein häufiges Moos europäischer Wälder und Heiden.

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Pleurozium schreberi

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Pleurozium schreberi, the red-stemmed feathermoss[1] or Schreber's big red stem moss,[2] is a moss with a loose growth pattern.[3] The root name pleuro comes from the Latin for ribs, possibly describing how the parts branch from the stem.

The species occurs on the floor of the boreal forests of Canada, Scandinavia and northern Russia; an example of this occurrence is within the black spruce/feathermoss climax forest, sometimes having moderately dense overstory canopy and featuring a forest floor of feathermosses including, Hylocomium splendens and Ptilium crista-castrensis.[4]

In a study of the effect of the herbicide Asulam on moss growth, Pleurozium schreberi was shown to have intermediate sensitivity to Asulam exposure.[5]

Gallery

References

  1. ^ Edwards, Sean R. (2012). English Names for British Bryophytes. British Bryological Society Special Volume. Vol. 5 (4 ed.). Wootton, Northampton: British Bryological Society. ISBN 978-0-9561310-2-7. ISSN 0268-8034.
  2. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Pleurozium schreberi". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  3. ^ Journal Linn. Soc. Bot. 1869. Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt., 12: 537. 1869.
  4. ^ C. Michael Hogan. 2008. Black Spruce: Picea mariana, GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. Nicklas Stromberg Archived 2011-10-05 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ Rowntree, J. K.; Lawton, K. F.; Rumsey, F. J.; Sheffield, E. (2003). "Exposure to Asulox Inhibits the Growth of Mosses". Annals of Botany. 92 (4): 547–556.

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Pleurozium schreberi: Brief Summary

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Pleurozium schreberi, the red-stemmed feathermoss or Schreber's big red stem moss, is a moss with a loose growth pattern. The root name pleuro comes from the Latin for ribs, possibly describing how the parts branch from the stem.

The species occurs on the floor of the boreal forests of Canada, Scandinavia and northern Russia; an example of this occurrence is within the black spruce/feathermoss climax forest, sometimes having moderately dense overstory canopy and featuring a forest floor of feathermosses including, Hylocomium splendens and Ptilium crista-castrensis.

In a study of the effect of the herbicide Asulam on moss growth, Pleurozium schreberi was shown to have intermediate sensitivity to Asulam exposure.

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Seinäsammal ( Finnish )

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Seinäsammal (Pleurozium schreberi) on Suomen yleisin sammallaji, jota esiintyy koko maassa. Se kuuluu seinäsammalten sukuun ja kerrossammalten heimoon. Tieteellisen lajinimensä se on saanut eläin- ja kasvitieteilijä J.C. Schreberin mukaan.

Ulkonäkö

Pleurozium schreberi.jpeg

Seinäsammalen punaiset varret ovat pystyjä ja ne haarovat sulkamaisesti. Sivuversot eivät ole kuitenkaan yhtä siistissä järjestyksessä kuin sulkasammalella. Lehdet ovat alle millimetrin pituisia, suoria ja tylppiä.

Elinympäristö

Seinäsammal viihtyy kuivahkoissa, happamissa kasvupaikoissa ja karttaa lehtoja. Se kuuluu taigan tyyppilajeihin ja valtaa usein metsän pohjakerroksen itselleen tukahduttaen mm. jäkäliä.

Käyttö

Seinäsammalta käytettiin aiemmin seinien tiivistämiseen, mistä se on suomenkielisen nimensäkin saanut.

Lähteet

  1. Ulvinen, Tauno, Syrjänen, Kimmo ja Anttila, Susanna: Suomen sammalet - levinneisyys, ekologia, uhanalaisuus. Suomen ympäristökeskus, 2002. ISBN 952-11-1290-5.
  2. Goffinet, B & Buck, W. R. & Shaw, A. J.: Moss classification eeb.uconn.edu. Viitattu 27.1.2012. (englanniksi)
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Seinäsammal: Brief Summary ( Finnish )

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Seinäsammal (Pleurozium schreberi) on Suomen yleisin sammallaji, jota esiintyy koko maassa. Se kuuluu seinäsammalten sukuun ja kerrossammalten heimoon. Tieteellisen lajinimensä se on saanut eläin- ja kasvitieteilijä J.C. Schreberin mukaan.

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Pleurozium schreberi ( French )

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La Pleurozie dorée (Pleurozium schreberi), également appelée Hypne dorée ou Hypne de Schreber est une espèce de mousse typique des forêts boréales du Canada, de Scandinavie et de Russie. Cette espèce de mousse est reconnaissable par sa tige rouge et par ses rameaux courbes retombants. Cette mousse va former un tapis pleurocarpe et ectohydrique.

Largement répandue dans l'hémisphère nord, il est utilisé comme bio-indicateur dans la détection de polybromodiphényléthers (PBDE) dans les zones contaminées par ces produits chimiques.[4]

Son rôle de bio-indicateur a permis par exemple de cartographier et surveiller la pollution par les métaux lourds dans les pays européens.

Liste des variétés

Selon The Plant List (2 janvier 2017)[2] :

  • variété Pleurozium schreberi var. tananae (Grout) Wijk & Margad.

Selon Tropicos (2 janvier 2017)[1] (Attention liste brute contenant possiblement des synonymes) :

  • variété Pleurozium schreberi var. laevigatum Wijk & Margad.
  • variété Pleurozium schreberi var. secundum Broth.
  • variété Pleurozium schreberi var. tananae (Grout) Wijk & Margad.

Notes et références

  1. a et b Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden., consulté le 2 janvier 2017
  2. a b c d et e The Plant List (2013). Version 1.1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/, consulté le 2 janvier 2017
  3. a b c d e f g et h BioLib, consulté le 2 janvier 2017
  4. (en) G. Kosior, A. Samecka-Cymerman, K. Kolon et A. J. Kempers, « Bioindication capacity of metal pollution of native and transplanted Pleurozium schreberi under various levels of pollution », Chemosphere, vol. 81, no 3,‎ 1er septembre 2010, p. 321–326 (ISSN , DOI , lire en ligne, consulté le 21 mars 2021)

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Pleurozium schreberi: Brief Summary ( French )

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La Pleurozie dorée (Pleurozium schreberi), également appelée Hypne dorée ou Hypne de Schreber est une espèce de mousse typique des forêts boréales du Canada, de Scandinavie et de Russie. Cette espèce de mousse est reconnaissable par sa tige rouge et par ses rameaux courbes retombants. Cette mousse va former un tapis pleurocarpe et ectohydrique.

Largement répandue dans l'hémisphère nord, il est utilisé comme bio-indicateur dans la détection de polybromodiphényléthers (PBDE) dans les zones contaminées par ces produits chimiques.

Son rôle de bio-indicateur a permis par exemple de cartographier et surveiller la pollution par les métaux lourds dans les pays européens.

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Šilsamanė ( Lithuanian )

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Šilsamanė (lot. Pleurozium) – patisinių (Hypnaceae) šeimos samanų gentis, kuriai priklauso viena Lietuvoje auganti rūšis paprastoji šilsamanė (Pleurozium schreberi). Lengvai atskiriama ir atpažįstama nuo kitų samanų pagal raudoną stiebo žievę, kuri aiškiai matoma pašalinus lapus.

Stiebas 10-15 cm, kylantis, taisyklingai plunksniškai išsišakojęs. Lapai gaubti, truputį išilgai raukšlėti, kiaušiniški. Sporogono kotelis rausvas. Sporifikuoja rudenį.

Tai viena iš būdingiausių pušynų samanų. Auga puriais žaliais arba gelsvai žaliais blizgančiais patiesalais.


Vikiteka

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Rokietnik pospolity ( Polish )

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 src= Zobacz też: Rokitnik zwyczajny. Commons Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Rokietnik pospolity (Pleurozium schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Mitt.) – gatunek mchu należący do rodziny gajnikowatych (Hylocomiaceae M. Fleisch.). W Polsce gatunek pospolity.

Morfologia

Pokrój
Darnie luźne, zielone, żółtozielone i bladozielone, w stanie suchym błyszczące.
Budowa gametofitu
Łodyga do 15 cm wysokości, koloru czerwonego, w stanie wilgotnym czerwono przeświecająca przez liście. Gałązki proste, wyrastające przeważnie w jednej płaszczyźnie. Liście łodygowe ustawione gęsto, o dług. 2,5 mm i szerokości 1,4 mm, jajowate, łyżkowato wklęsłe, zakończone krótkim, rurkowato zwiniętym kończykiem. W górnej części liścia brzeg może być słabo ząbkowany (wystające szczyty komórek). Komórki liścia wydłużone (w stosunku 1:8-12), silnie porowane. Żebro krótkie, podwójne, koloru żółtego lub brak żebra. Liście gałązkowe podobne do łodygowych, ale mniejsze - do 1,5 mm długości.
Budowa sporofitu
W Polsce seta z puszką wykształcane są rzadko. Seta o długości 2,5 cm, purpurowa, gładka. Puszka wydłużona jajowata, o długości 2,5 mm, zgięta, koloru brązowego. Wieczko stożkowate, ostro zakończone.

Nazewnictwo

Synonimy nazwy łacińskiej: Entodon schreberi (Willd.) Mnkm., Hypnum schreberi Willd., Hylocomium parietinum Lindb., Calliergonella schreberi Grout, Hypnopsis schreberi Podp.

Ochrona

Roślina objęta częściową ochroną gatunkową w Polsce na podstawie Rozporządzenia Ministra Środowiska z dnia 9 października 2014 r. w sprawie ochrony gatunkowej roślin[3].

Zastosowanie

Rokietnik pospolity jest wykorzystywany jako bioindykator skażeń.

Przypisy

  1. B. Goffinet, W.R Buck, A.J. Shaw: Classification: mosses (ang.). University of Connecticut, 2008–. [dostęp 2017-02-07].
  2. Pleurozium schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Mitt. (ang.). W: The Plant List [on-line]. [dostęp 2017-09-03].
  3. Dz.U. z 2014 r. nr 0, poz. 1409 – Rozporządzenie Ministra Środowiska z dnia 9 października 2014 r. w sprawie ochrony gatunkowej roślin

Bibliografia

  1. Bronisław Szafran: Mchy (Musci). T. II. Warszawa: PWN, 1961, s. 263-264.
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Rokietnik pospolity: Brief Summary ( Polish )

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Rokietnik pospolity (Pleurozium schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Mitt.) – gatunek mchu należący do rodziny gajnikowatych (Hylocomiaceae M. Fleisch.). W Polsce gatunek pospolity.

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Pleurozium schreberi ( Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan )

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Pleurozium schreberi este un mușchi, cu un model de creștere liber[1]. Nume rădăcinii provine din latinescul pleuro referindu-se la coaste/nervuri, eventual, descriind modul în care are loc ramificarea acestei părți din tulpină.

Specie se dezvoltă la etajul pădurilor boreale din Canada, Scandinavia și nordul Rusiei, uneori mai la sud.

Referințe

  1. ^ Journal Linn. Soc. Bot. 1869. Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt., 12: 537. 1869.
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Pleurozium schreberi: Brief Summary ( Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan )

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Pleurozium schreberi este un mușchi, cu un model de creștere liber. Nume rădăcinii provine din latinescul pleuro referindu-se la coaste/nervuri, eventual, descriind modul în care are loc ramificarea acestei părți din tulpină.

Specie se dezvoltă la etajul pădurilor boreale din Canada, Scandinavia și nordul Rusiei, uneori mai la sud.

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Väggmossa ( Swedish )

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Väggmossa (Pleurozium schreberi) är en mossa som hör till gruppen egentliga bladmossor. Sitt vetenskapliga namn har den fått efter Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber, en tysk naturforskare som var elev till Carl von Linné.

Beskrivning

Mossan har ett mattbildade växtsätt. Skotten är upprätta till något liggande och ganska grova i sin byggnad. Längden på skotten är 5-10 centimeter. Stammarna är enkelt pargreniga och har en rödaktig färg. Bladen är gulgrönaktiga, kupiga och äggrunda med en kort trubbig spets. I sällsynta fall är sporhus närvarande.

Utbredning

Väggmossan är mycket vitt spridd på norra halvklotet. Den är en vanlig art i skogsmarker, men är ganska variabel med avseende på växtplats. Hedar, ängar och våtare marker som myrar är miljöer där den kan hittas. Den föredrar något surare marker.

Kulturhistoria

Väggmossan har liksom husmossan förr använts för att täta väggarna på hus.

Källor

  • Hallingbäck, Tomas & Holmåsen, Ingmar. Mossor - en fälthandbok, Interpublishing AB, 1981.

Externa länkar

Rödklöver.png Denna växtartikel saknar väsentlig information. Du kan hjälpa till genom att tillföra sådan.
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Väggmossa: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

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Väggmossa (Pleurozium schreberi) är en mossa som hör till gruppen egentliga bladmossor. Sitt vetenskapliga namn har den fått efter Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber, en tysk naturforskare som var elev till Carl von Linné.

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Плевроцій Шребера ( Ukrainian )

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Поширення

Поширений у хвойних лісах Голарктики і лише з одиничними місцезнаходженнями у горах Південної Америки.

Опис

Стебло має лежачу основу, від неї вище стає висхідним або прямостоячим і досягає 10-15 см завдовжки. Стебло правильно перисторозгалужене, з тупими здутими або довгими тонкими гілками, з ризоїдами. Знявши листки, можна побачити коричнево-червоне стебло, що є характерною ознакою виду. Листки, за формою, досить різноманітні. Стеблові листки черепичасті, дуже жолобчасто опуклі, злегка поздовжньоскладчасті, із ледь звуженою жовтою або оранжево-червоною основою. На верхівці листки заокруглені і тупі. Жилка тонка і коротка, подвійна або взагалі відсутня. Клітини листка вузьколінійні, вгорі ромбічні, внизу у вушках квадратні або багатокутні, жовті або оранжеві. Листки на гілках іншої форми — значно вужчі, довгі або ланцетні, загострені до верхівки. Коробочки (утворюються рідко) нахилені, здебільшого циліндричні, переважно на червоній ніжці, з подвійним перистомом.

Назва

Вид названий у честь німецького лікаря та натураліста XVIII століття Йоганна Шребера.

Джерела


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Pleurozium schreberi ( Vietnamese )

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Pleurozium schreberi là một loài Rêu trong họ Hylocomiaceae. Loài này được (Willd. ex Brid.) Mitt. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1869.[1]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Pleurozium schreberi. Truy cập ngày 10 tháng 8 năm 2013.

Liên kết ngoài


Bài viết liên quan đến bộ rêu Hypnales này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Pleurozium schreberi: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Pleurozium schreberi là một loài Rêu trong họ Hylocomiaceae. Loài này được (Willd. ex Brid.) Mitt. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1869.

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Плевроциум ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
Царство: Растения
Подцарство: Зелёные растения
Надотдел: Мохообразные
Отдел: Моховидные
Подкласс: Бриевые
Надпорядок: Гипновые
Порядок: Гипновые
Семейство: Гилокомиевые
Род: Плевроциум
Международное научное название

Pleurozium Mitt., 1869, nom. cons.

Единственный вид
Pleurozium schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Mitt., 1869, typ. cons. — Плевроциум Шребера
Wikispecies-logo.svg
Систематика
на Викивидах
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Изображения
на Викискладе
ITIS 16373NCBI 34163EOL 883349TPL tro-35124816

Охранный статус NatureServe
Status TNC G5 ru.svg

Находящиеся в надёжном состоянии
Secure: Pleurozium schreberi

Плевро́циум, также плеврозий, плеврозиум (лат. Pleurozium) — род гипновых листостебельных мхов семейства Гилокомиевые (Hylocomiaceae), включающий один широко распространённый в бореальной зоне Северного полушария вид — плевроциум Шребера (Pleurozium schreberi).

Ботаническое описание

 src=
Коробочки

Двудомный листостебельный мох, образующий крупные рыхлые дерновинки. Стебель прямостоячий или восходящий, неправильно моноподиально ветвящийся, красноватый, до 16 см длиной.

Листья 1,5—2,8×0,8—1,5 мм, немного прижатые до оттопыренных, у верхушки стебля густые, яйцевидно-эллиптической формы, вогнутый, со слабозубчатым концом. Клетки листьев линейные, изгибающиеся, в основании листа более широкие, жёлтые или оранжевые.

Коробочка наклонённая до горизонтальной, продолговато-яйцевидной формы, с конической крышечкой, часто изогнутая. Ножка красная. Перистом двойной.

Распространение

Обычный мох в различных типах леса, изредка встречается на болотах.

Широко распространён в Северном полушарии в Евразии и Северной Америке, также известен из Северной Африки, Южной Америки и с островов Атлантического океана.

Таксономия

Название рода образовано от др.-греч. πλευρά — «бок» и όζος — «почка», «ветвь» и, вероятно, отсылает к ветвистости стеблей мха. Видовое название дано в честь немецкого ботаника Иоганна Христиана Шребера (1739—1810).

Синонимы

  • Calliergon schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Grout, 1908
  • Calliergonella schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Grout, 1931
  • Hylocomium schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) De Not., 1867
  • Hypnopsis schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Podp., 1921
  • Hypnum schreberi Willd. ex Brid., 1801basionym

Примечания

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Плевроциум: Brief Summary ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию

Плевро́циум, также плеврозий, плеврозиум (лат. Pleurozium) — род гипновых листостебельных мхов семейства Гилокомиевые (Hylocomiaceae), включающий один широко распространённый в бореальной зоне Северного полушария вид — плевроциум Шребера (Pleurozium schreberi).

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赤莖蘚 ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Pleurozium schreberi
Brid. Mitt., 1869

赤莖蘚学名Pleurozium schreberi)为塔藓科赤莖蘚屬下的一个种。

参考文献

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赤莖蘚: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

赤莖蘚(学名:Pleurozium schreberi)为塔藓科赤莖蘚屬下的一个种。

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维基百科作者和编辑