Western Wallflower

Erysimum asperum (Nutt.) DC.

are host of

• Global Biotic Interactions: Osmia integra Cresson 1878
• Global Biotic Interactions: Hoplitis hypocrita (Cockerell 1906)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Osmia dakotensis Michener 1937
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dianthidium parvum (Cresson 1878)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Anthophora petrophila Cockerell 1905
• Global Biotic Interactions: Hylaeus wootoni (Cockerell 1896)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Osmia prunorum Cockerell 1897
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum clematisellum (Cockerell 1904)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Hyaloperonospora parasitica
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum abundipunctum
• Global Biotic Interactions: Puccinia holboellii (Hornem.) Rostr. 1888
• Global Biotic Interactions: Puccinia holboellii (Hornem.) Rostr. 1888
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum prasinogaster
• Global Biotic Interactions: Osmia iridis Cockerell & Titus 1902
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dioxys pomonae Cockerell 1910
• Global Biotic Interactions: Osmia rawlinsi Sandhouse 1939
• Global Biotic Interactions: Osmia sanrafaelae Parker 1985
• Global Biotic Interactions: Osmia grinnelli Cockerell 1910
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ceratina neomexicana Cockerell 1901
• Global Biotic Interactions: Osmia gaudiosa Cockerell 1907
• Global Biotic Interactions: Osmia latisulcata Michener 1936
• Global Biotic Interactions: Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell 1924
• Global Biotic Interactions: Albugo candida
• Global Biotic Interactions: Albugo candida
• Global Biotic Interactions: Mycosphaerella tassiana (De Not.) Johanson 1884
• Global Biotic Interactions: Eucera frater (Cresson 1879)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Halictus tripartitus Cockerell 1895
• Global Biotic Interactions: Hylaeus mesillae (Cockerell 1896)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melecta pacifica Cresson 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum impavidum (Sandhouse 1924) (Halictid bee)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Eucera fulvitarsis (Cresson 1879)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Habropoda morrisoni (Cresson 1879)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum ovaliceps (Cockerell 1898)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum heterorhinum (Cockerell 1930)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum sisymbrii (Cockerell 1895) (Tansy Mustard Sweat Bee)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Andrena bruneri Viereck & Cockerell 1914
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum hudsoniellum (Cockerell 1919)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Andrena kristina Lanham 1983
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum petrellum (Cockerell 1903)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Andrena medionitens Cockerell 1902
• Global Biotic Interactions: Hylaeus granulatus (Metz 1911)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Colletes phaceliae Cockerell 1906 (Phacelia Cellophane Bee)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum ruidosense (Cockerell 1897)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Perdita morula Timberlake 1980
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum albohirtum (Crawford 1907)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum perdifficile (Cockerell 1895)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Andrena montrosensis Viereck & Cockerell 1914
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum nevadense (Crawford 1907)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ashmeadiella aridula Cockerell 1910
• Global Biotic Interactions: Protosmia rubifloris (Cockerell 1898)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Andrena kaibabensis Ribble 1974
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum egregium (Vachal 1904)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum inconditum (Cockerell 1916)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum pulveris (Cockerell 1930)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Andrena schuhi La Berge 1980
• Global Biotic Interactions: Puccinia aristidae Tracy 1893
• Global Biotic Interactions: Puccinia subnitens Dietel 1895
• Global Biotic Interactions: Hyaloperonospora parasitica
• Global Biotic Interactions: Puccinia subnitens Dietel 1895
• Global Biotic Interactions: Puccinia subnitens Dietel 1895
• Global Biotic Interactions: Puccinia aristidae Tracy 1893
• Global Biotic Interactions: Osmia nigrifrons Cresson 1878
• Global Biotic Interactions: Megachile texana Cresson 1878 (Texas Leaf-cutter Bee)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Osmia lignaria Say 1837 (Blue Orchard Bee)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Osmia coloradensis Cresson 1878
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe cruciferarum Opiz ex L. Junell 1967
• Global Biotic Interactions: Plasmodiophora brassicae
• Global Biotic Interactions: Andrena prunorum Cockerell 1896
• Global Biotic Interactions: Andrena milwaukeensis Graenicher 1903 (Milwaukee Andrena)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Bombus morrisoni Cresson 1879 (Morrison Bumble Bee)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melecta thoracica Cresson 1875
• Global Biotic Interactions: Andrena w-scripta Viereck 1904
• Global Biotic Interactions: Thanatephorus cucumeris (A. B. Frank) Donk 1956
• Global Biotic Interactions: Apis mellifera Linnaeus 1758 (Honey bee)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Albugo candida
• Global Biotic Interactions: Albugo candida
• Global Biotic Interactions: Albugo candida
• Global Biotic Interactions: Albugo candida