^Begerow D, Stoll M, Bauer R. A phylogenetic hypothesis of Ustilaginomycotina based on multiple gene analyses and morphological data. Mycologia. 2006, 98 (6): 906–16. PMID 17486967. doi:10.3852/mycologia.98.6.906.
^Bauer R, Oberwinkler F, Vanky K. Ultrastructural markers and systematics in smut fungi and allied taxa. Canadian Journal of Botany. 1997, 75 (8): 1273–314. doi:10.1139/b97-842.