Leaf Blotch Miner Moths

All Biocode files are based on field identifications to the best of the researcher’s ability at the time.

Asker, Akershus, Norge

Hobro

Hobro, Jylland, Danmark

Fig. 15. Cameraria ohridella mines on sycamore, Acer pseudoplatanus, close to defoliated horsechestnut

Figure 1.Spinivalva gaucha adult, dorsal view: A wings spread, pinned, dorsal view B wings folded, on Passiflora actinia leaf. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

Figures 5–10.Life history of Conopomorpha flueggella. 5 adult, holotype, male 6 female moth resting on a female flower at night 7 mature larva weaving pupal cocoon on a host leaf 8 pupa 9 pupal cocoon on a host leaf 10 infested fruit.

Figure 2.Phyllocnistis adults. A Phyllocnistis hyperpersea sp. n. (2.1 mm) B Phyllocnistis subpersea sp. n. (2.5 mm) C Phyllocnistis longipalpa sp. n. (2.6 mm) D Phyllocnistis perseafolia sp. n. (3.0 mm). (Drawn approximately to scale; forewing length in parentheses.)

Washtenaw Co., MI

Cheboygan Co., Michigan

Hobro, Jylland, Danmark

Hobro, Jylland, Danmark

Fig. 12 Cameraria ohridella first larval instar, sap feeding with empty eggshell and start of mine

Figure 11.Diaphanized portion and histological sections of a Passiflora actinia leaf, showing through transparency the organization levels ofa Spinivalva gaucha mine in relation to larval ontogeny: A general aspect of the mine, containing a last-instar larva; Roman numerals indicate larval instar numbers and corresponding positions of head capsules in the mine; closed arrow indicates the beginning of the mine B detail of head capsule shed by the fourth-instar larva (bar indicates position used for measurement of head-capsule width) C transverse section of serpentine portion of the mine (location indicated by the horizontal dashed line in A) D transverse section of blotch portion of the mine (location indicated by the vertical dashed line in A) E transverse section of intact portion of leaf lamina (indicated by left arrow in D) F transverse section of mined portion of leaf lamina (indicated by right arrow in D). Ab abaxial surface of epidermis; Ad adaxial surface of epidermis; Lm leaf mine; Pp palisade parenchyma; Sp spongy parenchyma. Scale bars =1.5, 0.15, 2.0, 3.0 mm; 500, 600 µm, respectively.

Figures 11–14.Genitalia of two gracillariidspecies. 11 Conopomorpha flueggella, male, paratype, slide No. BHY07239 12 Epicephala relictella, male, slide No. BHY07296 13 Conopomorpha flueggella, female, paratype, slide No. HBB09034 14 Epicephala relictella, female, slide No. BHY08143.

Figure 3.Phyllocnistis leafmines. A Phyllocnistis hyperpersea sp. n., upper-side mine on Persea borbonia B Phyllocnistis subpersea sp. n., lower side mine on Persea borbonia. Pupal crypts indicated by arrows in A and C. C Phyllocnistis perseafolia sp. n., lower-side mine on Persea americana (~ 15 cm).

Hobro

Hobro, Jylland, Danmark

Fig. 14 Cameraria ohridella second spinning larval instar

Figure 1.Spinivalva gaucha adult, dorsal view: A wings spread, pinned, dorsal view B wings folded, on Passiflora actinia leaf. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

Figures 11–14.Genitalia of two gracillariidspecies. 11 Conopomorpha flueggella, male, paratype, slide No. BHY07239 12 Epicephala relictella, male, slide No. BHY07296 13 Conopomorpha flueggella, female, paratype, slide No. HBB09034 14 Epicephala relictella, female, slide No. BHY08143.

Figure 5.Late instar sapfeeding larvae. A Phyllocnistis hyperpersea sp. n. (length 4.3 mm) B Phyllocnistis subpersea sp. n. (length 4.4 mm).

Hobro

Fig. 13 Cameraria ohridella first spinning larval instar