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Distribution

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Continent: Middle-America North-America
Distribution: USA (S California, S Nevada, S Arizona, S New Mexico, S Texas), Mexico (Baja California, Sonora, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, N Coahuila, N Durango) cahuilae: SE California, SW Arizona segregus: USA (SE Arizona, Texas (Trans-Pecos)), Mexico (N Coahuila); Type locality.”Chalk Draw, Brewster County, Tex. slevini: Baja California Cape region;
Type locality: La Paz, Baja California. tenuiculus: Mexico (San Luis Potosi); Type locality.”San Luis Potosi (city?).
Type locality: Valliecitas [California]
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Mexikanische Schlankblindschlange ( German )

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Die Mexikanische Schlankblindschlange (Rena humilis, Syn.: Leptotyphlops humilis) ist eine Schlangenart aus der Familie der Schlankblindschlangen (Leptotyphlopidae), die in den südwestlichen Vereinigten Staaten und in Nord-Mexiko vorkommt. Neun Unterarten sind momentan anerkannt. Die Nominatform wird hier beschrieben.[1]

Namen

Der Wissenschaftliche Name ist aus griechischen und lateinischen Komponenten gebildet. „Leptotyphlops“ besteht aus dem griechischen Leptos (λεπτός) „dünn“ und tyflops (τυφλός) “blind” und ṓps (ὤψ) “Auge”, während der Artname „humilis“ die lateinische Bezeichnung für „niedrig“/„bescheiden“ ist. Umgangssprachliche Namen sind „Western slender blind snake“, „western threadsnake“,[1] „western blind snake“.[1]

Synonyme

Stenostoma humile Peters, 1858; Rena dugesii Cope, 1887; Glauconia humilis Boulenger, 1893; Siagonodon humilis Van Denburgh, 1897; Leptotyphlops humilis Ruthven, 1907; Leptotyphlops humilis humilis Klauber, 1931; Leptotyphlops chumilis Rhodes, 1966.

Merkmale

Mexikanische Schlankblindschlangen sehen auf den ersten Blick aus wie glänzende Ringelwürmer, sind jedoch nicht segmentiert. Ausgewachsene Tiere erreichen maximal 30 cm Länge, inklusive des Schwanzes und einen Durchmesser von bis zu 5 mm.[2] Sie sind pink, lila, oder silbrig-braun mit dunkel schimmernden Schuppen. Die Augen sind nicht mehr als zwei dunkle Punkte unter den Kopfschuppen. Das Maul ist klein und unterständig. Der Schädel ist recht dick um das Graben zu ermöglichen und die Schlange hat am Schwanz einen Dorn, den sie als Hebel einsetzt. Die Art unterscheidet sich von der nah verwandten Texas-Schlankblindschlange (Rena dulcis) durch die einzelne Schuppe zwischen den Augen (bei R. dulcis eine Praefrontale und zwei Supraoculare). Die Mexikanische Schlankblindschlange hat keine Zähne im Oberkiefer, nur die vordere Hälfte des Unterkiefers ist bezahnt. (Cochran, 1991; Ernst and Ernst, 2003).[2] Diese und andere Arten der Blindschlangen sind unter Ultraviolettstrahlung leicht fluoreszent.[3]

Verbreitung

Die Art ist in den südwestlichen Vereinigten Staaten (Süd-Florida, Texas, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, Kalifornien) und in Nord-Mexiko (Baja California, Sonora, Sinaloa, Nayarit, Jalisco, Colima, Chihuahua, Durango, Coahuila, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí) verbreitet.

Das Typusexemplar stammte nach Laurence Monroe Klauber aus „Valliecitas, Cal.“ (1931) in der „vicinity of Vallecito, eastern San Diego County, California,“ (Umgebung von V. im östlichen Sandiego-County) und bei Bayard H. Brattstrom (1953) aus „the Upper Sonoran Life Zone of the Vallecito area and in Puerto Rico.“ (Obere Sonora-Lebenszone der Gegend von V. und in Puerto Rico.)[4]

Verhalten

Die Blindschlangen leben die meiste Zeit eingegraben in losem Erdreich (bis zu 20 m tief), beziehungsweise in Gängen von Ameisen- und Termitenbauten.

Ernährung

Die Nahrung von R. humilis besteht hauptsächlich aus Termiten und Ameisen, sowie deren Larven.

Unterarten

Einzelnachweise

  1. a b c d e f Mexikanische Schlankblindschlange im Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)Vorlage:ITIS/Wartung/Pflichtparameter TSN fehlt
  2. a b Hobart Muir Smith, E. D. Brodie Jr.: Reptiles of North America: A Guide to Field Identification. New York: Golden Press 1982. ISBN 0-307-13666-3 (Leptotyphlops: 136-137).
  3. Hulse AC. 1971. Fluoresence in Leptotyphlops humilis (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae). The Southwestern Naturalist 16 (1): 123-124. doi:10.2307/3670106
  4. McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Washington, District of Columbia: Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
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Mexikanische Schlankblindschlange: Brief Summary ( German )

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Die Mexikanische Schlankblindschlange (Rena humilis, Syn.: Leptotyphlops humilis) ist eine Schlangenart aus der Familie der Schlankblindschlangen (Leptotyphlopidae), die in den südwestlichen Vereinigten Staaten und in Nord-Mexiko vorkommt. Neun Unterarten sind momentan anerkannt. Die Nominatform wird hier beschrieben.

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Rena humilis

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Rena humilis, known commonly as the western blind snake, the western slender blind snake, or the western threadsnake,[4] is a species of snake in the family Leptotyphlopidae. The species is endemic to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Six subspecies are currently recognized, including the nominate subspecies described here.[4]

Description

Leptotyphlops humilis - head.jpg
A closeup of L. humilis head

Rena humilis, like most species in the family Leptotyphlopidae, resembles a long earthworm. It lives underground in burrows, and since it has no use for vision, its eyes are mostly vestigial. The western blind snake is pink, purple, or silvery-brown in color, shiny, wormlike, cylindrical, blunt at both ends, and has light-detecting black eyespots. The skull is thick to permit burrowing, and it has a spine at the end of its tail that it uses for leverage. It is usually less than 30 cm (12 in) in total length (tail included), and is as thin as an earthworm. This species and other blind snakes are fluorescent under low frequency ultraviolet light (black light).[5]

On the top of the head, between the ocular scales, L. humilis has only one scale (L. dulcis has three scales).[6]

Common names

Common names for R. humilis include western slender blind snake, western threadsnake,[4] and western blind snake.

Geographic range

R. humilis is found in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. In the US it ranges from southwestern and Trans-Pecos Texas west through southern and central Arizona, southern Nevada, southwestern Utah, and southern California. In Mexico its distribution includes the Mexican states of Baja California, Sonora, Sinaloa, Nayarit, Jalisco, Colima, Chihuahua, Durango, Coahuila, Tamaulipas, and San Luis Potosí.

The type locality given is "Valliecitas, Cal." The type locality was restricted by Klauber (1931) to "vicinity of Vallecito, eastern San Diego County, California," and by Brattstrom (1953) to "the Upper Sonoran Life Zone of the Vallecito area".[2]

Habitat and diet

Rena humilis lives underground, sometimes as deep as 20 metres (66 ft), and is known to invade ant and termite nests. Its diet is made up mostly of insects and their larvae and eggs. It is found in deserts and scrub where the soil is loose enough to work.

Subspecies

Subspecies[4] Authority[4] Common name[4] Geographic range R. h. cahuilae Klauber, 1931 Desert blind snake R. h. humilis (Baird & Girard, 1853) Southwestern blind snake R. h. levitoni Murphy, 1975 R. h. lindsayi Murphy, 1975 R. h. tenuiculus (Garman, 1884) R. h. utahensis V.Tanner, 1938 Utah blind snake

References

  1. ^ Hammerson GA, Frost DR, Santos-Barrera G (2007). "Rena humilis ". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2007: e.T64058A12740895. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2007.RLTS.T64058A12740895.en. Downloaded on 25 July 2018.
  2. ^ a b McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T (1999). Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Washington, District of Columbia: Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
  3. ^ "Rena humilis ". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Leptotyphlops humilis ". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 30 August 2007.
  5. ^ Hulse AC (1971). "Fluoresence in Leptotyphlops humilis (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae)". The Southwestern Naturalist 16 (1): 123-124. doi:10.2307/3670106
  6. ^ Smith HM, Brodie ED Jr (1982). Reptiles of North America: A Guide to Field Identification. New York: Golden Press. 240 pp. ISBN 0-307-13666-3. (Leptotyphlops humilis, pp. 136-137).
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Rena humilis: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Rena humilis, known commonly as the western blind snake, the western slender blind snake, or the western threadsnake, is a species of snake in the family Leptotyphlopidae. The species is endemic to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Six subspecies are currently recognized, including the nominate subspecies described here.

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Rena humilis ( Basque )

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Leptotyphlops humilis Leptotyphlops generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Leptotyphlopidae familian sailkatuta dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. www.iucnredlist.org. 2012ko urriaren 20an eskuratua.
  2. The Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life

Kanpo estekak

Ikus, gainera

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Rena humilis: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Leptotyphlops humilis Leptotyphlops generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Leptotyphlopidae familian sailkatuta dago.

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Rena humilis ( French )

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Rena humilis est une espèce de serpents de la famille des Leptotyphlopidae[1].

Répartition

Cette espèce se rencontre aux États-Unis en Californie, au Nevada, en Arizona, au Nouveau-Mexique et au Texas et au Mexique en Basse-Californie, au Sonora, au Chihuahua, au Sinaloa, au Coahuila, au Durango et au San Luis Potosí.

Liste des sous-espèces

Selon Reptarium Reptile Database (8 septembre 2015)[2] :

  • Rena humilis cahuilae (Klauber, 1939)
  • Rena humilis chihuahuaensis (Tanner, 1985)
  • Rena humilis humilis Baird & Girard, 1853
  • Rena humilis levitoni (Murphy, 1975)
  • Rena humilis lindsayi (Murphy, 1975)
  • Rena humilis segregus (Klauber, 1939)
  • Rena humilis tenuiculus (Garman, 1883)
  • Rena humilis utahensis (Tanner, 1938)

Taxinomie

Les sous-espèces Rena humilis dugesii[3] et Rena humilis segregus[4] ont été élevées au rang d'espèces.

Publications originales

  • Baird & Girard, 1853 : Catalogue of North American Reptiles in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Part 1.-Serpents. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, p. 1-172 (texte intégral).
  • Garman, 1884 "1883" : The reptiles and batrachians of North America. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge (Massachusetts), vol. 8, no 3, p. 1-185 (texte intégral).
  • Klauber, 1939 : The worm snakes of the genus Leptotyphlops in the United States and Northern Mexico. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History, vol. 9, no 18, p. 87-162 (texte intégral).
  • Murphy, 1975 : Two new blind snakes (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae) from Baja California, Mexico with a contribution to the biogeography of peninsular and insular herpetofauna. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, sér. 4, vol. 40, no 5, p. 93-107 (texte intégral).
  • Tanner, 1938 : A new subspecies of worm snake from Utah. Proceedings of the Utah Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters, vol. 15, p. 149-150.
  • Tanner, 1985 : Snakes of Western Chihuahua. Great Basin Naturalist, vol. 45, no 4, p. 615-676 (texte intégral).

Notes et références

  1. Reptarium Reptile Database, consulté lors d'une mise à jour du lien externe
  2. Reptarium Reptile Database, consulté le 8 septembre 2015
  3. Bocourt, 1881 : Recherches Zoologiques pour servir à l'Histoire de la Faune de l'Amérique Centrale et du Mexique. Mission Scientifique au Mexique et dans l'Amérique Centrale, Recherches zoologiques. Part 2, sect. 1. in Duméril, Bocourt & Mocquard, 1870-1909, Études sur les reptiles p. 1-1012.
  4. Klauber, 1939 : A new subspecies of the western worm snake. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History, vol. 9, no 14, p. 67-68 (texte intégral).
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Rena humilis: Brief Summary ( French )

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Rena humilis est une espèce de serpents de la famille des Leptotyphlopidae.

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Leptotyphlops humilis ( Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan )

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Leptotyphlops humilis[10] este o specie de șerpi din genul Leptotyphlops, familia Leptotyphlopidae, descrisă de Ralph O. Baird și Girard 1853.[11][12]

Subspecii

Această specie cuprinde următoarele subspecii:[11]

  • L. h. boettgeri
  • L. h. cahuilae
  • L. h. chihuahuaensis
  • L. h. dugesii
  • L. h. humilis
  • L. h. levitoni
  • L. h. lindsayi
  • L. h. segregus
  • L. h. tenuiculus
  • L. h. utahensis

Referințe

  1. ^ Rhodes (1966) , Zool. Record (1964), Rept.: 81.
  2. ^ Taylor,E.H. (1940) Herpetological miscellany, no. I., Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., Lawrence, 26 [1939] (15): 489-571
  3. ^ Werner, F. (1899) Beschreibungen einiger neuer Schlangen und Batrachier., Zool. Anz. 22: 114-117
  4. ^ Van DENBURGH,J. (1897) The reptiles of the Pacific coast and Great Basin. An account of the species known to inhabit California, and Oregon, Washington, Idaho and Nevada., Occ. Pap. California Acad. Sci., San Francisco, 5: 1-236
  5. ^ Boulenger, G.A. (1893) Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I., London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp.
  6. ^ a b Cope, E.D. (1887) Catalogue of batrachians and reptiles of Central America and México., Bull. US Nation. Mus., Washington, 32: 1-98
  7. ^ Garman,Samuel (1884) The reptiles and batrachians of North America., Mem. Mus. comp. Zool, Cambridge (Massachusetts), 8 (3): xxxiv + 185 pp. [1883] [CNAH reprint 10]
  8. ^ Bocourt, M. F (1882) , La Naturaliste 2: 47
  9. ^ Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig (1857) Vier neue amerikanische Schlangen aus der Familie der Typhlopinen und darüber einige vorläufige Mittheilungen., Monatsber. königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. 1857 (August): 402
  10. ^ Baird, S. F. and C. Girard. (1853) Catalogue of North American Reptiles in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Part 1.-Serpents., Smithsonian Inst., Washington, xvi + 172 pp.
  11. ^ a b Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (2011). „Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. Accesat în 24 september 2012. Verificați datele pentru: |access-date= (ajutor)Mentenanță CS1: Nume multiple: lista autorilor (link)
  12. ^ TIGR Reptile Database . Uetz P. , 2007-10-02


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Leptotyphlops humilis: Brief Summary ( Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan )

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Leptotyphlops humilis este o specie de șerpi din genul Leptotyphlops, familia Leptotyphlopidae, descrisă de Ralph O. Baird și Girard 1853.

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Rena humilis ( Vietnamese )

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Leptotyphlops humilis là một loài rắn trong họ Leptotyphlopidae. Loài này được Baird & Girard mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1853.[3]

Hình ảnh

Tham khảo

  1. ^ McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Washington, District of Columbia: Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
  2. ^ The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
  3. ^ Rena humilis. The Reptile Database. Truy cập ngày 29 tháng 5 năm 2013.


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Rena humilis: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Leptotyphlops humilis là một loài rắn trong họ Leptotyphlopidae. Loài này được Baird & Girard mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1853.

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