Die Braune Regenbogenboa (Epicrates maurus) ist eine Art der Schlankboas (Epicrates), die im nördlichen Südamerika verbreitet ist.
Die Braune Regenbogenboa kann 1,20 bis 1,50 Meter lang werden. Sie ist braun bis rostbraun gefärbt. Auf dem gesamten Körper befinden sich schwarze Kreise als Muster, diese können aber auch fehlen.
Die Regenbogenboa ist ein Bewohner der tropischen Regenwälder. Als Jungtier ist sie öfter in Bäumen anzutreffen, jedoch sind adulte Tiere ausschließlich bodenbewohnend. Auch in felsigen, baumkargen Gebieten und in Kulturlandschaften kann sie angetroffen werden; dort kommt sie meist in der Nähe von Gewässern vor.
Diese Boa kommt in Trinidad und Tobago und dem nördlichen Südamerika vor. Dort bewohnt sie die Regenwälder und trockene Küstenregionen.
Die Braune Regenbogenboa ist wie alle Boas aus der Familie Boidae ungiftig und erlegt ihre Beute, indem sie sie erstickt und im Ganzen verschlingt. Sie hat Wärmefühler am Kopf, die ihr helfen, warmblütige Beutetiere aufzuspüren. Obwohl sie überwiegend nachtaktiv ist, kommt sie tagsüber zum Sonnen, wenn die Nächte kalt sind. Während der Morgenstunden und der Dämmerung jagt sie kleine Säugetiere, Vögel und Echsen. Dabei helfen ihr ihre Wärmesensoren, in dem schwachen Licht die Beute zu finden.
Die Braune Regenbogenboa (Epicrates maurus) ist eine Art der Schlankboas (Epicrates), die im nördlichen Südamerika verbreitet ist.
Epicrates maurus is a species of non-venomous constrictor in the family Boidae, commonly found in the Amazon region of South America. The common name for this species is the brown rainbow boa.[2] This species is semi-arboreal, spending time both on the ground and climbing trees and shrubs, although they are also known to swim. They are nocturnal and primarily active in the middle of the night.[3] Rainbow boas are known for their attractive iridescent sheen on their scales in the sunlight.
Size and weight:
Epicrates maurus is the smallest of the rainbow boas, reaching lengths of 3 to 5 feet on average,[4] although length varies by subspecies. For example, the most common subspecies in captivity is the Colombian rainbow boa (E. m. colombianus) grows to 5–6 feet long and matures between 4–6 years old.[3] There is a clear sexual dimorphism between male and female, with females being significantly larger in both length and girth.
Coloring:
Generally uniform brown in color with large dark edged vertebral rings and light centers forming saddles, there may also be a slightly off-center 'S' pattern.[5] Through a process called metachrosis, rainbow boas exhibit a day-to-night color change. Primarily noticed in that their pattern will become lighter—almost silver—and have a molted silver sides and bottom.[6] Although individuals of abnormal colors and patterns exist—for example those that exhibit pigmentation disorders such as albinism,[7] they are very rare in the wild and are often found in captivity where these mutations are often bred.
Colombian rainbow boa daytime
Colombian rainbow boa nighttime
These pictures provide a good example of the day-to-night color change; both pictures are of the same snake. Pictures were taken 3.2 hours apart.
This species, being the northernmost rainbow boa, is found in rainforests and drier coastal clearings in its range; southern Central America, Trinidad and Tobago, and northern South America. More semi-arboreal when young, Colombian rainbow boas may climb into trees and shrubs to forage and avoid land predators; however, they become mostly terrestrial with age.[8]
Colombian rainbow boas, like all boas in the family Boidae, are non-venomous snakes that subdue their prey with constriction. Like most boids, they have special heat-sensing pits on their faces that allow them to detect the body heat of their warm-blooded prey.[9] While nocturnal, they may bask during the day when night-time temperatures are low. They are active at dawn and dusk and feed on small mammals (such as mice), birds and lizards using their heat-sensing abilities to hunt in the low light.[10] Most Colombian rainbow boas will never need a prey item larger than a large rat; as with most snakes, they can expand their jaw to allow the consuming of items larger than the jaw would normally open (see snake skull). Wild Colombian rainbow boas may bite when they feel threatened as a defense. This bite can be painful, but is not dangerous. Care must still be taken against infection. Like all snakes, when in a shed cycle they will be more unpredictable and irritable due to the added stress of shedding and clouded sight.
Colombian rainbow boas are solitary, associating only to mate. Boas are polygynous and ovoviviparous, thus males may mate with multiple females and give birth to live young. Females invest considerable maternal energy in their offspring since their young develop within the mother's body. The young are able to develop in a thermo-regulated, protected environment and they are provided with nutrients. Young are born fully developed and independent within minutes of birth.[5]
Reproduction in snakes is almost exclusively sexual. Males ordinarily have a ZZ pair of sex determining chromosomes and females a ZW pair; however, it was recently shown that E. maurus is capable of reproducing by facultative parthenogenesis, resulting in production of WW female progeny.[11] The WW females were likely produced by terminal automixis (see diagram), a type of parthenogenesis in which two terminal haploid products of meiosis fuse to form a zygote, which then develops into a daughter progeny. This is only the third genetically confirmed case of consecutive virgin births of viable offspring from a single female within any vertebrate lineage.
This species does very well in captivity and is considered by many to be the easiest of all the Epicrates species to maintain. It is generally described as similar in care to the Brazilian rainbow boa, but requiring lower temperatures and more tolerant of lower humidity.[3] They primarily feed on mice and rats, but can be fed on a variety of appropriately-sized rodent and bird prey. Although they can be defensive and nippy when young, they generally become quite tame with regular handling.
The species Epicrates cenchria (the rainbow boa and primarily the subspecies E. c. cenchria (the Brazilian rainbow boa))[12] and E. maurus colombianus (the Colombian rainbow boa) are growing in popularity and are widely bred in captivity, with very few being imported. Breeders are attempting to produce a variety of different color and patterned "morphs" through selective breeding. This is done by encouraging the dominant and recessive genes that code for proteins involved in chromatophore development, maintenance, or function.
In January, 2015, a six-foot Epicrates maurus "slithered out of the toilet in an office restroom in downtown San Diego," California; it was uncertain as to who may have been its owner.[13]
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) Epicrates maurus is a species of non-venomous constrictor in the family Boidae, commonly found in the Amazon region of South America. The common name for this species is the brown rainbow boa. This species is semi-arboreal, spending time both on the ground and climbing trees and shrubs, although they are also known to swim. They are nocturnal and primarily active in the middle of the night. Rainbow boas are known for their attractive iridescent sheen on their scales in the sunlight.
La Boa Tornasol, boa de acero o boa arco iris colombiana (Epicrates maurus) es una especie terrestre del género Epicrates, de la familia de las boas en el suborden de las serpientes. Habita en regiones cálidas del sur de América Central y el noroeste de América del Sur.
Durante largo tiempo se creía que el género Epicrates presentaba sólo una especie continental, Epicrates cenchria, distribuida en las porciones continentales de América del Sur y Central, desde Nicaragua a la Argentina además de las islas de Trinidad y Tobago y Margarita.[1] De este modo, este taxón fue clasificado sólo como una de sus subespecies, pero como resultado de una revisión de todos los componentes de este complejo basado en un análisis de la variación morfológica, patrón de color merísticos y caracteres morfométricos,[2] apoyado por otros análisis filogenéticos y de modelos ambientales,[3] fueron reconocidas cinco especies: E. cenchria, E. crassus, E. maurus, E. assisi, y E. alvarezi; por lo que de acuerdo con los modernos arreglos taxonómicos, hoy se la integra en su propia especie.
E. maurus incluye al taxón descrito de la isla de Marajó: E. c. barbouri.
Esta subespecie fue descrita originalmente en el año 1849 por el zoólogo inglés John Edward Gray.[1]
La localidad tipo es: "Venezuela" sin localización exacta. El holotipo es el ejemplar: NHM 1946.1.10.40.
Esta especie se distribuye en regiones cálidas del sur de América Central y el noroeste de América del Sur. Lo hace mediante 2 subespecies:
Esta especie es denominada comúnmente boa arcoíris dado el resplandor multicolor que muestra su cuerpo cuando es exhibido a los rayos del sol. Su longitud generalmente ronda los 2 m, en el caso de las hembras adultas. Es un animal nocturno de costumbres tímidas. Se alimenta especialmente de pequeños mamíferos; complementa su dieta con aves. Es cazada por su cuero, aunque mayormente se la mata por el temor que generan todas las serpientes, especialmente las grandes. Sufre por los desmontes de su hábitat natural, y la trasformación de su ecosistema en tierras de cultivo o para la ganadería intensiva.[4]
|coautores= (ayuda) La Boa Tornasol, boa de acero o boa arco iris colombiana (Epicrates maurus) es una especie terrestre del género Epicrates, de la familia de las boas en el suborden de las serpientes. Habita en regiones cálidas del sur de América Central y el noroeste de América del Sur.
Epicrates maurus Epicrates generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Boidae familian sailkatuta dago.
Epicrates maurus Epicrates generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Boidae familian sailkatuta dago.
Epicrates maurus est une espèce de serpents de la famille des Boidae[1].
Cette espèce se rencontre au Nicaragua, au Costa Rica, au Panamá, en Colombie, au Venezuela, à Trinité-et-Tobago, au Guyana, au Suriname, en Guyane et au Pará au Brésil[1].
Epicrates maurus é unha especie terrestre do xénero Epicrates, da familia das boas na suborde ds serpes. Habita en rexións cálidas do sur de América Central e o noroeste de América do Sur.
Esta especie distribúese en rexións cálidas do sur de América Central e o noroeste de América do Sur. Conta con dúas subespecies:
Epicrates maurus é unha especie terrestre do xénero Epicrates, da familia das boas na suborde ds serpes. Habita en rexións cálidas do sur de América Central e o noroeste de América do Sur.
Epicrates maurus é uma espécie de boa não-venenosa.
Esta subespécie foi originalmente descrita em 1849 pelo zoólogo inglês John Edward Gray. Também chamada de Jibóia californiana, a jibóia de aço ou a jibóia arco-íris colombiana (Epicrates maurus) É uma espécie terrestre do gênero Epicrates, da família das jibóias na subordem de cobras. Habita regiões quentes do sul da América Central e noroeste da América do Sul. Esta espécie está distribuída em regiões quentes do sul da América Central e noroeste da América do Sul
Faz isso usando 2 subespécies:[1]
O local do espécime original é a Venezuela sem a localização exata[2]. O holótipo é o exemplo: NHM 1946.1.10.40. Seu comprimento é geralmente de cerca de 2 metros, no caso de fêmeas adultas. É um animal noturno de costumes tímidos. Alimenta-se especialmente de pequenos mamíferos; complementar sua dieta com pássaros. É caçado por seu couro, embora seja morto principalmente pelo medo gerado por todas as cobras, especialmente as grandes. Sofre do desmatamento de seu habitat natural e da transformação de seu ecossistema em terras agrícolas ou pecuária intensiva.
Epicrates maurus é uma espécie de boa não-venenosa.
Epicrates maurus là một loài rắn trong họ Boidae. Loài này được Gray mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1849.[2]
Bài viết liên quan đến bộ bò sát có vảy này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Epicrates maurus là một loài rắn trong họ Boidae. Loài này được Gray mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1849.
