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Distribution

provided by Echinoderms of Panama

In Panama this species has been collected from Fort Randolph, Limon Bay, Margarita Island (USNM E 27246, USNM E 25940, USNM E 27245; Centroid Latitude: 9.370833, Centroid Longitude: -79.95333) and from Galeta Point, Galeta Island (USNM E 23725, USNM E 23726, USNM E 23722), Caribbean Sea.

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Echinoderms of Panama

References and links

provided by Echinoderms of Panama

Ludwig, H. (1886). Die von G. Chierchia auf der Fahrt der Kgl. Ital. Corvette Vittor Pisani gesammelten Holothurien. Zool. JB. ii: pp. 1-36.

Sluiter, C. P. (1910). Westindische Holothurien. Zool. Jahrb. Jena Suppl. 11: (331-342).

World Register of Marine Species

LSID urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:422535


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Coppard , Simon
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Coppard , Simon
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Echinoderms of Panama

Synonymised taxa

provided by Echinoderms of Panama
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Coppard , Simon
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Coppard , Simon
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Echinoderms of Panama

Habitat

provided by EOL authors
Off the west coast of Florida, it occurs in sandy carbonate sediments (Miller and Pawson 1984), and off the east coast of Florida, at least to Stuart, it occurs in high densities on coquinoid limestone ledges (Miller, previously unpublished). Juveniles were found in the sediments of a back reef seagrass bed at Looe Key, Florida (Miller, previously unpublished) (Hendler, Miller, Pawson, Kier 269).

Distribution

provided by EOL authors
“Bermuda (Pawson, previously unpublished), Florida (Vero Beach to Tampa), the Dry Tortugas, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad, Tobago, and Brazil. Depth: Low-tide mark to 37 m (121 ft)” (Hendler, Miller, Pawson, Kier 269).

Comprehensive Description

provided by EOL authors
Pseudothyone belli is a small species of sea cucumber found throughout the Caribbean and across the northeastern coastline of South America. Individuals are generally an inch or so long with curved bodies that taper towards either end. The skin tends to be off-white with gray, brown, or maroon flecks. Though P. belli usually burrows in soft sediments, in some cases individuals will attach themselves to the undersides of rock slabs or to coquinoid reefs. In these cases, P. belli anchors itself so strongly that removing a live individual causes many tube feet to be torn off.

Size

provided by EOL authors
This is a small sea cucumber, and although there are reports of specimens 5 cm (2 in) in length, most individuals are considerably less than half that size. The body is usually curved, somewhat swollen at the middle, and slightly tapered at the ends. The thin body wall is very stiff, because of a profusion of skeletal ossicles. Numerous long, cylindrical tube feet are scattered over the body wall, and there is some tendency for the tube feet to be aligned in rows near the mouth and anus. On the ventral surface of the body they are most numerous, longest, and hairlike. They appear incapable of full retraction, probably because of the dense layer of ossicles in the tube foot wall. In juveniles 0.5 cm (0.25 in) long, the tube feet are in double rows along each radius. Surrounding the anus are five small, radial, calcareous teeth, and two small papillae are situated above each tooth. The mouth is surrounded by eight long, slender, abundantly branched tentacles and two shorter ventral ones about one-third the length of their neighbors. The body wall ossicles are knobbed buttons with four perforations, two large central knobs, and 9-12 marginal knobs. The tables from the tube feet have slender, curved disks and short, robust spires terminating in several small teeth. P. belli is dirty white with flecks of brown or maroon. In very small specimens, the flecks are gray and quite dense along the upper surface, especially near the ends of the body. These small individuals appear black to the naked eye. The tips of the tube feet are bordered by a brown ring. The tentacles have yellowish tan stalks and orange side branches with black fronds” (Hendler, Miller, Pawson, Kier 268).

Behavior

provided by EOL authors
“Typically, the species burrows in soft sediments, and a few individuals have been found clinging to the underside of rock slabs. Off East Florida, P. belli apparently settles on the coquinoid reefs, recruiting to crevices just large enough to contain the adult. Individuals can be located when their tentacles are extended for feeding. The tube feet of P. belli provide a tenacious grip on hard substrates. Live specimens cannot be dislodged from a smooth surface without tearing off a considerable number of tube feet” (Hendler, Miller, Pawson, Kier 269).