Phalaenopsis tetraspis Rchb. fil.

Phalaenopsis tetraspis is a species of epiphytic orchid endemic to the Andaman Islands, the Nicobar Islands and northwestern Sumatra.^[1] It was originally erroneously published as a Himalayan species by Reichenbach, which was corrected by James Veitch 23 years after Heinrich Gustav Reichenbachs publication.^[2] Mature specimens may have up to nine leaves, but usually plants have 4–5, elliptic-obovate, acute to obtuse, 20 cm long and 8 cm wide leaves. Showy, fleshy, fragrant flowers are produced on axillary, arching to subpendent racemes or panicles. A prominent feature of this species is the midlobe of the labellum, which is oblong, obtuse-subacute, and the apex is covered in dense trichomes.^[3] The karyotype is asymmetric and nonuniform.^[4]

Confusion with Phalaenopsis speciosa

Both names were assigned on the basis of preserved specimens by Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach. He saw differences in leaf colouration, in addition to floral and root morphology. These differences are however insignificant and both taxa differ solely in their floral colouration. The colouration is however a very transitory trait and various intermediate forms between red and white occur. The floral phenotype even shows temporal variations within singular individuals in subsequent seasons. Therefore, the sole reason of separation, which was the floral colouration, cannot be seen as a hard fact, but rather as a transitory characteristic, which does not legitimise a separate species status. Based on these observations Phalaenopsis speciosa was reduced to a synonym of Phalaenopsis tetraspis.^[5]

Horticulture

As of February 2022, the International Orchid Register of the Royal Horticultural Society lists 187 registered hybrids involving Phalaenopsis tetraspis under the inclusion of its synonym Phalaenopsis speciosa. The taxonomic changes have only been sparingly adapted in horticulture and plants are often still sold as Phalaenopsis speciosa.

References

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phalaenopsis_tetraspis&oldid=1098102971"

Phalaenopsis tetraspis Rchb.f., 1870 è una pianta della famiglia delle Orchidacee originaria delle isole Andamane e Nicobare e di Sumatra.^[1]

Descrizione

È un'orchidea epifita di media taglia, a crescita monopodiale. Presenta un corto fusto che porta foglie che si restringono gradualmente verso la base, di forma obovata, ad apice da poco acuto ad ottuso. La fioritura avviene normalmente in primavera, mediante un'infiorescenza racemosa o raramente paniculata che aggetta lateralmente, ricurva, lunga in media 30 centimetri, ricoperta di brattee a forma triangolare e portante da 4 a 8 fiori. Questi sono grandi da 4 a 5 centimetri, sono lucidi e di consistenza carnosa, di colore bianco soffuso di rosa, con strisce orizzontali di colore rosso vivo in petali e sepali, mentre il labello è trilobato, con lobi laterali rialzati di colore giallo-arancione e rosa e con numerose appendici^[2].

Distribuzione e habitat

La specie è originaria delle isole Andamane e Nicobare e di Sumatra.^[1]

Cresce epifita sugli alberi della foresta tropicale al livello del mare^[2].

Sinonimi

Phalaenopsis speciosa var. tetraspis (Rchb.f.) H.R.Sweet, 1968
Phalaenopsis speciosa var. maculata Gower, 1890
Phalaenopsis barrtii King ex Hook.f., 1895
Phalaenopsis sumatrana var. alba G.Wilson, 1915

Coltivazione

Questa pianta è bene coltivata in panieri appesi, su supporto di sughero oppure su felci arboree e richiede in coltura esposizione all'ombra, temendo la luce diretta del sole, e temperature calde per tutto l'anno, da ridurre appena nella fase di riposo. È consigliabile mantenere elevati livelli di umidità per tutto l'anno^[2].

Note

• 1 Етимологія
• 2 Синоніми
• 3 Біологічний опис
• 4 Історія опису
• 5 Ареал, екологічні особливості
• 6 У культурі
• 7 Первинні гібриди
• 8 Хвороби та шкідники
• 9 Джерела
• 10 Посилання
• 11 Примітки

1. ↑ World Checklist ofPhalaenopsis tetraspis. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
2. ↑ 版权所有请勿 任意 转载^{[недоступне посилання з лютий 2019]}

Phalaenopsis tetraspis là một loài lan đặc hữu của quần đảo Andaman, quần đảo Nicobar và tây bắc Sumatra.

Wikimedia Commons có thêm hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về Phalaenopsis tetraspis Wikispecies có thông tin sinh học về Phalaenopsis tetraspis

Hình ảnh

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Tham khảo

Северо-западная часть Суматры, Андаманские и Никобарские острова
Встречается в лесах на возвышенностях и в мангровых зарослях. Местоположения найденных растений характеризуются, как сильно затенённые. Климатические условия в местах произрастания (Никобарские острова):
Сезонных изменений температуры воздуха нет. Круглый год 30—32 °C днем, 25 °C ночью.
Относительная влажность воздуха от 80 % зимой, до 90 % в другие времена года.
Осадки: январь-апрель 20—100 мм, май-декабрь 200—320 мм.

В культуре

В конце XIX века этот вид был весьма распространен в культуре, но впоследствии почти полностью исчез и долгое время был известен только в виде гербарных образцов и иллюстраций опубликованных в конце прошлого века. В настоящее время встречается почти во всех крупных коллекциях.

Температурная группа — тёплая.

Требования к свету: 1000—1200 FC, 10760—12919 lx^[3].

Общая информация о агротехнике в статье Фаленопсис.

Первичные гибриды (грексы)

Donna Craig — tetraspis х chibae (W. Tippit) 2005
Jennifer Palermo — tetraspis х violacea (J. Palermo) 1998
Kelsey’s Butterscotch — venosa х tetraspis (Katz-Thompson) 2002
Mikken — tetraspis х stobartiana (Mrs. R. Levy) 2006
Palace Florastar — floresensis х tetraspis (Orchid Palace) 2005
San Shia Sparks — philippinensis х tetraspis (Hou Tse Liu) 2001
San Shia Tetra — tetraspis х sanderiana (Hou Tse Liu) 2000
Seto Pixie — celebensis х tetraspis (Fuji Nursery) 1996
Snow Twinkle — tetraspis х aphrodite (Orchids Ltd (R-J. Quneé)) 2004
Sumaspice — tetraspis х sumatrana (Alain Brochart (K. Klinge)) 2003
Taida Snow — amabilis х tetraspis (Taida Horticultural Co Ltd) 1996
Taida Sunshine — equestris х tetraspis (Taida Horticultural Co Ltd) 1997
Tetra Bell — bellina х tetraspis (Orchids Ltd (R-J. Quené)) 2005
Tetra Star — stuartiana х tetraspis (Hou Tse Liu) 2003
Tetrasambo — tetraspis х amboinensis (Masao Kobayashi) 1996
Tetraschiller — tetraspis х schilleriana (Masao Kobayashi) 1996
Tetrawilson — tetraspis х wilsonii (Masao Kobayashi) 1996
Tzu Chiang Tetralitz — tetraspis х micholitzii (Tzu Chiang Orchids) 2000
Yaphon Lobspis — lobbii х tetraspis (Yaphon Orch.) 2007

Болезни и вредители

Примечания