Associations
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Foodplant / feeds on
larva of Bagous tempestivus feeds on Ranunculus repens
Plant / epiphyte
effuse colony of Chromelosporium anamorph of Chromelosporium ochraceum grows on live leaf of Ranunculus repens
Foodplant / open feeder
adult of Chrysolina staphylaea grazes on live leaf of Ranunculus repens
Remarks: season: early 7-late 10,4-
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Crocicreas starbaeckii is saprobic on previous year's fibrous remains runner of Ranunculus repens
Remarks: season: 4-9
In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / parasite
immersed sorus of Entyloma microsporum parasitises live leaf of Ranunculus repens
Remarks: season: (5,) 9-10
Foodplant / parasite
superficial Entylomella anamorph of Entyloma ranunculi-repentis parasitises live leaf of Ranunculus repens
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / parasite
cleistothecium of Erysiphe aquilegiae var. ranunculi parasitises Ranunculus repens
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Leiosoma deflexum feeds within stolon of Ranunculus repens
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Leptotrochila ranunculi is saprobic on fibrous remains Ranunculus repens
Foodplant / open feeder
larva of Monophadanus pallescens grazes on leaf of Ranunculus repens
Foodplant / parasite
sporangium of Peronospora ranunculi parasitises live Ranunculus repens
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / open feeder
adult of Phaedon concinnus grazes on flower of Ranunculus repens
Remarks: season: 4-10
Foodplant / spot causer
pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph of Phyllosticta ranunculorum causes spots on live leaf of Ranunculus repens
Remarks: season: 9
Plant / resting place / within
puparium of Phytomyza fallaciosa may be found in leaf-mine of Ranunculus repens
Foodplant / miner
larva of Phytomyza notata mines leaf of Ranunculus repens
Other: major host/prey
Plant / resting place / on
adult of Plateumaris sericea may be found on flower of Ranunculus repens
Remarks: season: (1-)6(-12)
Foodplant / miner
solitary larva of Pseudodineura fuscula mines leaf of Ranunculus repens
Foodplant / spot causer
hypophyllous, in small groups aecium of Puccinia magnusiana causes spots on live leaf of Ranunculus repens
Foodplant / spot causer
amphigenous, but mainly epiphyllous colony of Ramularia anamorph of Ramularia didyma var. didyma causes spots on live leaf of Ranunculus repens
Foodplant / spot causer
hypophyllous colony of Ramularia anamorph of Ramularia simplex causes spots on live leaf of Ranunculus repens
Remarks: season: 7-10
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
usually epiphyllous, punctiform, brownish-black pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph of Septoria ranunculacearum is saprobic on leaf of Ranunculus repens
Remarks: season: 8
Foodplant / open feeder
nocturnal larva of Tenthredo mesomelas grazes on leaf of Ranunculus repens
Foodplant / sap sucker
Thecabius affinis sucks sap of live leaf of Ranunculus repens
Remarks: season: summer
Plant / resting place / on
larva of Thrips discolor may be found on live leaf of Ranunculus repens
Remarks: season: 8-9
Foodplant / gall
colony of Urocystis anemones causes gall of live, blistered stem of Ranunculus repens
Remarks: season: 4-9
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / parasite
immersed sorus of Urocystis ranunculi parasitises live petiole of Ranunculus repens
Remarks: season: 4-9
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / parasite
aecium of Uromyces dactylidis parasitises live petiole of Ranunculus repens
Remarks: season: early Spring
Comments
provided by eFloras
Ranunculus repens is widely naturalized in many parts of the world. Plants with sparse pubescence have been called R . repens var. glabratus . Horticultural forms with the outer stamens transformed into numerous extra petals occasionally become established and have been called R . repens var. pleniflorus . These variants have no taxonomic significance.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Description
provided by eFloras
Stems decumbent or creeping, rooting nodally, hispid to strigose or almost glabrous, base not bulbous. Roots never tuberous. Basal leaf blades ovate to reniform in outline, 3-foliolate, 1-8.5 × 1.5-10 cm, leaflets lobed, parted, or parted and again lobed, ultimate segments obovate to elliptic or sometimes narrowly oblong, margins toothed, apex obtuse to acuminate. Flowers: receptacle hispid or rarely glabrous; sepals spreading or reflexed from base, 4-7(-10) × 1.5-3(-4) mm, hispid or sometimes glabrous; petals 5(-150), yellow, 6-18 × 5-12 mm. Heads of achenes globose or ovoid, 5-10 × 5-8 mm; achenes 2.6-3.2 × 2-2.8 mm, glabrous, margin forming narrow rib 0.1-0.2 mm wide; beak persistent, lanceolate to lance-filiform, curved, 0.8-1.2 mm. 2 n = 14, 32.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Description
provided by eFloras
Herbs perennial. Stolons present. Stems ascending or suberect, 10--60 cm, subglabrous or sparsely puberulent, branched above. Basal leaves with petiole 7--20 cm; blade ternate, 3-partite, rarely 3-sect, central leaflet broadly rhombic, 2--4.2 × 1.8--3.8 cm, glabrous or adaxially appressed puberulent, base broadly cuneate, secondary lobes lobed or more deeply divided; lateral leaflets oblique, unequally 2- or 3-lobed or -partite. Stem leaves similar to basal ones, smaller and shortly petiolate upward. Monochasium terminal, 2- to several flowered; bracts 3-sect or undivided, lanceolate-linear. Flowers 1.5--2.2 cm in diam. Pedicel 1--8 cm, appressed puberulent. Receptacle puberulent. Sepals 5, elliptic-ovate, 5--7 mm, abaxially appressed pubescent or subglabrous. Petals 5 (7--22 in f. polypetalus), obovate, 7--10 × 5--7 mm, nectary pit covered by a scale, apex rounded or rounded-truncate. Stamens numerous; anthers oblong. Aggregate fruit ovoid, 5--7 mm in diam.; carpels numerous. Achene bilaterally compressed, obliquely obovate, 2.2--3 × 1.8--2.1 mm, glabrous, narrowly marginate; style persistent, 0.5--0.8 mm. Fl. Apr--Aug, fr. May--Aug.
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Distribution
provided by eFloras
introduced; Greenland; St. Pierre and Miquelon; Alta., B.C., N.B., Nfld., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Yukon; Ala., Alaska, Ark., Calif., Conn., Del., D.C., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo.; Central America; South America; native to Eurasia; Pacific Islands; Australia.
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Distribution
provided by eFloras
Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shanxi, Xinjiang, NW Yunnan [Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyztan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia (Siberia); Europe, North America].
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Flowering/Fruiting
provided by eFloras
Flowering late winter-summer (Mar-Aug).
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Habitat
provided by eFloras
Meadows, borders of marshes, lawns, roadsides; 0-2500m.
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Habitat
provided by eFloras
Meadows, moist places, by streams; 300--3300 m.
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Synonym
provided by eFloras
Ranunculus repens var. erectus de Candolle; R. repens var. glabratus de Candolle; R. repens var. linearilobus de Candolle; R. repens var. pleniflorus Fernald; R. repens var. villosus Lamotte
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Synonym
provided by eFloras
Ranunculus repens var. brevistylus Maximowicz; R. repens f. polypetalus S. H. Li & Y. H. Huang.
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Ranunculus repens
provided by wikipedia EN
Ranunculus repens, the creeping buttercup, is a flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, native to Europe, Asia and northwestern Africa.[1][2] It is also called creeping crowfoot and (along with restharrow) sitfast.[3]
Description
It is a herbaceous, stoloniferous perennial plant growing to 50 cm (20 in) tall. It has both prostrate running stems, which produce roots and new plants at the nodes, and more or less erect flowering stems. The basal leaves are compound, borne on a 4–20 cm (1+1⁄2–8 in) long petiole and divided into three broad leaflets 1.5–8 cm (1⁄2–3+1⁄4 in) long, shallowly to deeply lobed, each of which is stalked, distinguishing the species from Ranunculus acris in which the terminal leaflet is sessile.[4] The leaves higher on the stems are smaller, with narrower leaflets and may be simple and lanceolate. Both the stems and the leaves are finely hairy. The flowers are golden yellow, glossy, and 2–3 cm (3⁄4–1+1⁄4 in) diameter, usually with five petals, and the flower stem is finely grooved. The gloss is caused by the smooth upper surface of the petal that acts like a mirror; the gloss aids in attracting pollinating insects and thermoregulation of the flower's reproductive organs.[5][6] The fruit is a cluster of achenes 2.5–4 mm (3⁄32–5⁄32 in) long. Creeping buttercup has three-lobed dark green, white-spotted leaves that grow out of the node. It grows in fields and pastures and prefers wet soil.[7][8]
Habitat
It is a very common weed of agricultural land and gardens, spreading quickly by its rooting stolons and resisting removal with a deeply anchored filamentous root ball. In Ireland: very common in damp places, ditches and flooded areas.[4][9]
Cultivation and uses
Creeping buttercup was sold in many parts of the world as an ornamental plant, and has now become an invasive species in many parts of the world.[2]
Like most buttercups, Ranunculus repens is poisonous, although when dried with hay these poisons are lost. The taste of buttercups is acrid, so cattle avoid eating them. The plants then take advantage of the cropped ground around it to spread their stolons. Creeping buttercup also is spread through the transportation of hay. Contact with the sap of the plant can cause skin blistering.[10]
Etymology
Ranunculus is a diminutive of 'rana', meaning 'little frog'. This name is in reference to the amphibious habitat of many Ranunculus species.[11]
Repens means 'creeping' or 'stoloniferous'.[11]
References
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^ Ranunculus repens L. Flora Europaea
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^ a b "Ranunculus repens". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 24 December 2017.
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^ Oxford English Dictionary entry for "Sit-fast":2. Sc.a. The plants restharrow and creeping crowfoot. 1808 JAMIESON, Sitfasts, restharrow. 1825 {emem} Suppl., Sitfast, Creeping Crowfoot, Ranunculus Repens.
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^ a b Parnell, P. and Curtis, T. (2012). Webb's An Irish Flora. Cork University Press. ISBN 978-185918-4783
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^ Van Der Kooi, C. J.; Elzenga, J.T.M.; Dijksterhuis, J.; Stavenga, D.G. (2017). "Functional optics of glossy buttercup flowers". Journal of the Royal Society Interface. 14 (127): 20160933. doi:10.1098/rsif.2016.0933. PMC 5332578. PMID 28228540.
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^ Buttercups focus light to heat their flowers and attract insects New Scientist 25 February 2017
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^ Blamey, M. & Grey-Wilson, C. (1989). Flora of Britain and Northern Europe. ISBN 0-340-40170-2
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^ Flora of NW Europe: Ranunculus repens
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^ Hackney, P. (1992). Stewart and Corry's Flora of the North-east of Ireland. Third Edition. Institute of Irish Studies and The Queen's University of Belfast ISBN 0-85389-446-9.
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^ Ranunculus repens. Plants for a Future
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^ a b Gledhill, David (2008). "The Names of Plants". Cambridge University Press. pp. 326, 328. ISBN 9780521685535
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Ranunculus repens: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Ranunculus repens, the creeping buttercup, is a flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, native to Europe, Asia and northwestern Africa. It is also called creeping crowfoot and (along with restharrow) sitfast.
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