Palmer's Penstemon

Penstemon palmeri A. Gray

are host of

• Global Biotic Interactions: Ashmeadiella meliloti (Cockerell 1897)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Xylocopa tabaniformis Smith 1854 (Horsefly-like Carpenter Bee)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ashmeadiella cactorum (Cockerell 1897) (Cactus Mason Bee)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Pipistrellus bat coronavirus HKU5
• Global Biotic Interactions: Coniothyrium pentstemonis Earle
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ramularia nivosa (Ellis & Everh.) W. B. Cooke & C. G. Shaw 1952
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ramularia nivosa (Ellis & Everh.) W. B. Cooke & C. G. Shaw 1952
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ceratina neomexicana Cockerell 1901
• Global Biotic Interactions: Osmia sanrafaelae Parker 1985
• Global Biotic Interactions: Anthophora urbana Cresson 1879 (Urbane Digger Bee)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Coniothyrium pentastemonis Earle 1901
• Global Biotic Interactions: Coniothyrium pentastemonis Earle 1901
• Global Biotic Interactions: Pseudocercospora penstemonis (Ellis & Kellerm.) U. Braun 1999
• Global Biotic Interactions: Coniothyrium pentastemonis Earle 1901
• Global Biotic Interactions: Puccinia pentastemonis Peck 1885
• Global Biotic Interactions: Megachile lippiae Cockerell 1900
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ashmeadiella bucconis (Say 1837) (Big-cheeked Angled-Mason)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Colletes petalostemonis Swenk 1906
• Global Biotic Interactions: Heriades timberlakei Michener 1938
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ashmeadiella australis (Cockerell 1902)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Megachile prosopidis Cockerell 1900
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ashmeadiella opuntiae (Cockerell 1897) (Prickly-pear Angled-Mason)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dianthidium cressonii (Dalla Torre 1896)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Protosmia rubifloris (Cockerell 1898) (Prong-faced Slender-Mason)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Megachile mendica Cresson 1878 (Flat-tailed Leaf-cutter Bee)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Hoplitis producta (Cresson 1864) (Produced Small-Mason)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Golovinomyces orontii (Castagne) V. P. Heluta 1988
• Global Biotic Interactions: Bombus morrisoni Cresson 1879 (Morrison Bumble Bee)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Penstemonia pappi