dcsimg

Capsicum flexuosum ( German )

provided by wikipedia DE

Capsicum flexuosum ist eine Art aus der Gattung Paprika (Capsicum) in der Familie der Nachtschattengewächse (Solanaceae).

Beschreibung

Capsicum flexuosum ist ein 0,5 bis zwei Meter hoher Strauch.[1] Die Laubblätter sind elliptisch bis eiförmig, häutig und nur wenig mit Trichomen besetzt. Die Blütenstände bestehen aus zwei oder drei (selten ein bis sechs) hängenden[2] Blüten. Am Kelch sind keine deutlich sichtbaren Anhängsel beziehungsweise Kelchzähne erkennbar. Die Krone ist weiß gefärbt und besitzt fünf gelblich-grüne Punkte an der Basis der Kronlappen und dem Inneren der Kronröhre. Die Früchte sind Beeren, die bei Reife rot gefärbt sind. Die Samen sind schwärzlich-braun.[3] Die Früchte sind zumeist scharf, es wurde jedoch einzelne Populationen beobachtet, die nicht-scharfe Früchte bilden.[2]

Die Chromosomenzahl ist 2n=24.[1]

Verbreitung

Die Art ist im Nordosten Argentiniens, dem Süden und Südosten Brasiliens, sowie in Paraguay beheimatet.[4]

Systematik

Nachdem die Art zunächst nahe den Artengruppen um Capsicum annuum und Capsicum baccaatum, oder aber als relativ einzelstehende Art angesehen wurde, konnte sie in phylogenetischen Untersuchungen in die Nähe der sogenannten bolivianischen Klade (bestehend aus Capsicum caballeroi, Capsicum minutiflorum, Capsicum ceratocalyx und Capsicum coccineum) gestellt werden. Diese Beziehung ist durch die Untersuchung nicht stark gesichert, zudem können keine relevanten morphologischen Gemeinsamkeiten zu diesen Arten festgestellt werden. Die Art wird daher in einer monotypischen Flexuosum-Klade geführt.[2]

Botanische Geschichte

Capsicum flexuosum wurde 1846 von Otto Sendtner im 10. Band der Flora Brasiliensis erstbeschrieben.[5]

Einzelnachweise

  1. a b Eduardo A. Moscone et al.: The Evolution of Chili Peppers (Capsicum – Solanaceae): A cytogenic Perspective. In: D.M. Spooner et al. (Hrsg.): Solanaceae VI: Genomics Meets Biodiversity, ISHS Acta Horticulturae 745, Juni 2007. ISBN 978-90-6605-427-1. S. 137–169.
  2. a b c Carolina Carrizo García u. a.: Phylogenetic relationships, diversification and expansion of chili peppers (Capsicum, Solanaceae). In: Annals of Botany, Band 118, 2016. S. 35–51. doi:10.1093/aob/mcw079.
  3. Gloria E. Barboza, Luciano de Bem Bianchetti, João Renato Stehmann: Capsicum carassense (Solanaceae), a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. In: PhytoKeys, Band 140, 2020. S. 125–138 doi:10.3897/phytokeys.140.47071.
  4. Plant of the World online: Capsicum flexuosum. Abgerufen am 23. Juni 2020 (englisch).
  5. Otto Sendtner: Capsicum flexuosum. In: Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius (Hrsg.): Flora Brasiliensis, Band 10, 1. Juli 1846. S. 143.
 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia DE

Capsicum flexuosum: Brief Summary ( German )

provided by wikipedia DE

Capsicum flexuosum ist eine Art aus der Gattung Paprika (Capsicum) in der Familie der Nachtschattengewächse (Solanaceae).

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia DE

Capsicum flexuosum

provided by wikipedia EN

Capsicum flexuosum is a member of the genus Capsicum, and is native to the New World, specifically the southern regions of Brazil. Unlike most other chili peppers, it is only mildly pungent and has issues with self-compatibility.[1][2]

Plant description

Capsicum flexuosum is identified by its distinctive white, green, and sometimes purple flowers. The flowers have an entire calyx and campanulate corolla that come in various color varieties, but are generally green toward the center changing to white at the petal edges . Mature fruit of C. flexuosum are tiny berries with a bullet shape about 7 mm long that ripen to red. It is propagated by seed.[3] It has a somatic chromosome number of 2n=2x=24.[1]

Uses

Capsicum flexuosum at 6 weeks

In Brazil, where the plants occur naturally, C. flexusoum is sometimes used as a spice.[1] Also, since it is a wild pepper species, it has been used extensively in phylogenetic studies to better understand the relationships of peppers and different gene models. This species has also been used as a "bridge species" to cross more distantly related Capsicum species to those more related to domesticated cultivars.

References

  1. ^ a b c Tewksbury, Joshua J.; Manchego, Carlos; Haak, David C.; Levey, Douglas J. (2006-03-30). "Where did the Chili Get its Spice? Biogeography of Capsaicinoid Production in Ancestral Wild Chili Species". Journal of Chemical Ecology. 32 (3): 547–564. doi:10.1007/s10886-005-9017-4. ISSN 0098-0331. PMID 16572297.
  2. ^ Onus, A. Naci; Pickersgill, Barbara (2004-08-01). "Unilateral Incompatibility in Capsicum (Solanaceae): Occurrence and Taxonomic Distribution". Annals of Botany. 94 (2): 289–295. doi:10.1093/aob/mch139. ISSN 0305-7364. PMC 4242164. PMID 15229125.
  3. ^ Heiser, Charles B.; Smith, Paul G. (1958-10-01). "New species of Capsicum from South America". Brittonia. 10 (4): 194–201. doi:10.2307/2804950. ISSN 0007-196X. JSTOR 2804950.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Capsicum flexuosum: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Capsicum flexuosum is a member of the genus Capsicum, and is native to the New World, specifically the southern regions of Brazil. Unlike most other chili peppers, it is only mildly pungent and has issues with self-compatibility.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Capsicum flexuosum ( Italian )

provided by wikipedia IT

Il Capsicum flexuosum è una specie selvatica di piante del genere Capsicum, nativa del Sud America. Essa è una specie a 24 cromosomi, facente parte del Flexuosum clade[1] ed è diffusa spontaneamente in Brasile.

Note

  1. ^ (EN) Carolina Carrizo García, Michael H. J. Barfuss e Eva M. Sehr, Phylogenetic relationships, diversification and expansion of chili peppers ( Capsicum , Solanaceae), in Annals of Botany, vol. 118, n. 1, 2016-07, pp. 35–51, DOI:10.1093/aob/mcw079. URL consultato il 10 giugno 2020.

 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autori e redattori di Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia IT

Capsicum flexuosum: Brief Summary ( Italian )

provided by wikipedia IT

Il Capsicum flexuosum è una specie selvatica di piante del genere Capsicum, nativa del Sud America. Essa è una specie a 24 cromosomi, facente parte del Flexuosum clade ed è diffusa spontaneamente in Brasile.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autori e redattori di Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia IT

Capsicum flexuosum ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Capsicum flexuosum là loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cà. Loài này được Sendtn. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1846.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Capsicum flexuosum. Truy cập ngày 14 tháng 6 năm 2013.

Liên kết ngoài


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến phân họ thực vật Solanoideae này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia VI

Capsicum flexuosum: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Capsicum flexuosum là loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cà. Loài này được Sendtn. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1846.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia VI