Northern Banksia

Banksia aquilonia (lat. Banksia aquilonia) – proteyakimilər fəsiləsinin banksiya cinsinə aid bitki növü.

Mənbə

Banksiya cinsinə aid növlər B. acanthopoda • B. aculeata • B. acuminata • B. aemula • B. alliacea • B. anatona • B. aquilonia • B. arborea • B. archaeocarpa B. arctotidis • B. armata • B. ashbyi • B. attenuata • B. audax • B. aurantia • B. baueri • B. baxteri • B. bella • B. benthamiana • B. bipinnatifida • B. biterax • B. blechnifolia • B. borealis • B. brownii • B. brunnea • B. burdettii • B. caleyi • B. calophylla • B. candolleana • B. canei • B. carlinoides • B. catoglypta • B. chamaephyton • B. cirsioides • B. coccinea • B. columnaris • B. comosa • B. concinna • B. conferta • B. corvijuga • B. croajingolensis • B. cuneata • B. cynaroides • B. cypholoba • B. dallanneyi • B. densa • B. dentata • B. drummondii • B. dryandroides • B. echinata • B. elderiana • B. elegans • B. epica • B. epimicta • B. ericifolia • B. erythrocephala • B. falcata • B. fasciculata • B. fililoba • B. foliolata • B. foliosissima • B. formosa • B. fraseri • B. fuscobractea • B. gardneri • B. glaucifolia • B. goodii • B. grandis • B. grossa • B. heliantha • B. hewardiana • B. hirta • B. hookeriana • B. horrida • B. idiogenes • B. ilicifolia • B. incana • B. insulanemorecincta • B. integrifolia • B. ionthocarpa • B. kingii B. kippistiana • B. laevigata • B. lanata • B. laricina • B. lemanniana • B. lepidorhiza • B. leptophylla • B. lindleyana • B. littoralis • B. longicarpa • B. lullfitzii • B. marginata • B. media • B. meganotia • B. meisneri • B. menziesii • B. micrantha • B. mimica • B. montana • B. mucronulata • B. nana • B. nivea • B. nobilis • B. novae-zelandiae • B. nutans • B. oblongifolia • B. obovata • B. obtusa • B. occidentalis • B. octotriginta • B. oligantha • B. oreophila • B. ornata • B. pallida • B. paludosa • B. pellaeifolia • B. petiolaris • B. pilostylis • B. plagiocarpa • B. platycarpa • B. plumosa • B. polycephala • B. porrecta • B. praemorsa • B. prionophylla • B. prionotes • B. prolata • B. proteoides • B. pseudoplumosa • B. pteridifolia • B. pulchella • B. purdieana • B. quercifolia • B. repens • B. robur • B. rosserae • B. rufa • B. rufistylis • B. saxicola • B. scabrella • B. sceptrum • B. sclerophylla • B. seminuda • B. seneciifolia • B. serra • B. serrata • B. serratuloides • B. sessilis • B. shanklandiorum • B. shuttleworthiana • B. solandri • B. speciosa • B. sphaerocarpa • B. spinulosa • B. splendida • B. squarrosa • B. stenoprion • B. strahanensis • B. strictifolia • B. stuposa • B. subpinnatifida • B. subulata • B. telmatiaea • B. tenuis • B. tortifolia • B. tricuspis • B. tridentata • B. trifontinalis • B. undata • B. verticillata • B. vestita • B. victoriae • B. violacea • B. viscida • B. wonganensis • B. xylothemelia

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La Banksia aquilonia, també anomenada banksia del nord, és una espècie d'arbre de la família Proteaceae. És natiu del nord de Queensland, a la costa nord-est d'Austràlia. Aconsegueix una altura mitjana de 8 m,^[1] posseeix fulles verdes estretes i brillants que mesuren fins a 20 cm de llarg i plomalls de flors d'un color groc clar que mesuren de 6 a 10 cm de llarg; aquestes flors són inflorescències que es manifesten a la tardor. Quan els plomalls maduren, les flors es desprenen i els mateixos desenvolupen fins a 50 fol·licles, cadascun dels quals conté dues llavors.

Alex George va descriure aquesta planta en el seu treball publicat el 1981 sobre el gènere Banksia com una varietat de Banksia integrifolia, però posteriorment la va reclassificar com una espècie separada.^[2] Els estudis genètics mostren que està emparentada amb Banksia plagiocarpa, Banksia oblongifolia i Banksia robur.^[3][4] L'espècie habita en zones de bosc humit esclerofil·le i en les vores de boscos plujosos en sòls arenosos. Banksia aquilonia es regenera després d'incendis forestals en fer brotar els xucladors ubicats sota la seva escorça.^[5]

Referències

Banksia aquilonia, commonly known as the northern banksia^[2] and jingana,^[3] is a tree in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to north Queensland on Australia's northeastern coastline. With an average height of 8 m (26 ft), it has narrow glossy green leaves up to 20 cm (7.9 in) long and 6 to 10 cm (2.4 to 3.9 in) high pale yellow flower spikes, known as inflorescences, appearing in autumn. As the spikes age, their flowers fall off and they develop up to 50 follicles, each of which contains two seeds.

Alex George described the plant in his 1981 monograph of the genus Banksia as a variety of Banksia integrifolia, but later reclassified it as a separate species. Genetic studies show it to be related to Banksia plagiocarpa, Banksia oblongifolia and Banksia robur. The species is found in wet sclerophyll forest and rainforest margins on sandy soils. Banksia aquilonia regenerates after bushfire by regrowing from epicormic buds under its bark. It is rarely cultivated.

Description

Banksia aquilonia grows as a tall shrub or small tree up to 8 m (26 ft) high,^[4] though plants up to 15 m (49 ft) have been recorded.^[5] It has hard, fissured, grey bark, and narrow elliptic or lanceolate leaves measuring 5–20 cm (2.0–7.9 in) long by 0.6–1.2 cm (0.2–0.5 in) wide with entire (straight) margins and acute tips. They are a smooth shiny green above and white below with a prominent midrib covered in red-brown hair.^[6] The brownish new growth appears in summer.^[5] The plant is in bloom from March to June. Flowers occur in Banksia's characteristic vertical flower spike, an inflorescence made up of hundreds of pairs of flowers densely packed in a spiral around a woody axis. B. aquilonia's flower spike is a pale yellow colour, roughly cylindrical, 6–10 cm (2.4–3.9 in) high,^[4] and up to 6 cm (2.4 in) in diameter. The tubular perianths of the individual flowers are 2.5–2.9 cm (0.98–1.14 in) long.^[7] These open at maturity (anthesis) to release the styles. All old flower parts fall away as up to 50 oval follicles develop on the bare woody spike. The follicles measure 0.8–1.2 cm (0.3–0.5 in) long, 0.5–0.9 cm (0.20–0.35 in) high, and 0.4–0.5 cm (0.16–0.20 in) wide. Furry at first, they become smooth with age and open when ripe,^[4] and their two half-oval valves split to release the one or two seeds they contain.^[6] The obovate dark grey-brown to black seeds sandwich a woody separator. Measuring 1.4–1.6 cm (0.6–0.6 in) long, they are made up of a wedge-shaped seed body, 0.8–1 cm (0.3–0.4 in) long by 0.2–0.3 cm (0.08–0.1 in) wide.^[4] The woody separator is the same shape as the seed, with an impression where the seed body lies next to it.^[6] Seedlings have bright obovate green cotyledons around 1 cm (0.39 in) long.^[7] Juvenile leaves are narrower, measuring 7–24 cm (2.8–9.4 in) long and 0.6–2.1 cm (0.2–0.8 in) wide, and often have serrate (toothed) margins.^[6]

Although the inflorescences of Banksia aquilonia are similar to B. integrifolia, the leaves are marked in their differences—the midrib on the leaves' undersides is distinctively covered in short reddish-brown hairs and the leaves are spirally arranged on the branches rather than in whorls as in all B. integrifolia subspecies. It was these differences that George felt were distinctive enough for it to be separate it as a full species from B. integrifolia.^[8] The overall habit of a Banksia aquilonia tree resembles that of B. integrifolia, though is generally smaller.^[6] The southernmost populations of B. aquilonia are separated from the northernmost B. integrifolia occurrence by 200 km (120 mi),^[9] hence location is helpful in identification.^[6]

Variants

Field volunteers for The Banksia Atlas recorded plants with large adult and juvenile leaves up to 38 cm (15 in) long along the Tully to Mission Beach Road, and a population of smaller shrub-sized plants to 3 m (10 ft) high with small narrow leaves 13 cm (5.1 in) long and 0.4 cm (0.2 in) wide at Coronation Lookout in Wooroonooran National Park, plants with normal morphology occurring further down the mountain.^[5]

Taxonomy

Banksia aquilonia was first described by Alex George in 1981 as a variety of Banksia integrifolia (coast banksia), from a specimen collected at Witts Lookout in Crystal Creek National Park south of Ingham on 12 April 1975.^[6] The species name is the Latin adjective aquilonius, meaning "northern", as it was the most northerly form of B. integrifolia.^[10] In 1996 Kevin Thiele and Pauline Ladiges published a cladistic analysis of Banksia based on morphology, in which this taxon stood out as the only member of B. integrifolia to be both morphologically and geographically distinct from other infraspecific taxa. They also noted that there were no intermediate plants between what was then known as B. integrifolia var. aquilonia and other populations of B. integrifolia. On this basis they would have liked to promote it to species rank, but did not because their inferred phylogeny suggested that this taxon arose from within B. integrifolia. They were unwilling to render B. integrifolia paraphyletic by elevating this taxon to species rank, and they were equally unwilling to elevate all four varieties to species rank, since the others all had significant overlaps in distribution and morphology. Therefore, they simply promoted all four to subspecies rank.^[11] This example has since been held up as an interesting case study on how the concept of species should be defined, as it presents the problem of "a monophyletic group comprising a paraphyletic basal group of incompletely differentiated geographic forms within which is nested at least one divergent, autapomorphic taxon that invites treatment as a species."^[12]

George promoted it to species rank on the basis of its distinctive leaf arrangement and midrib in 1996.^[8] Thus its full name with author citation is "Banksia aquilonia (A.S.George) A.S.George". It is placed in subgenus Banksia, section Banksia and series Salicinae. Its placement within Banksia may be summarised as follows:^[4]

Genus Banksia

Subgenus Banksia

Section Banksia

Series Salicinae

Banksia dentata - Banksia aquilonia - Banksia integrifolia - Banksia plagiocarpa - Banksia oblongifolia - Banksia robur - Banksia conferta - Banksia paludosa - Banksia marginata - Banksia canei - Banksia saxicola

Series Grandes

Series Banksia

Series Crocinae

Series Prostratae

Series Cyrtostylis

Series Tetragonae

Series Bauerinae

Series Quercinae

Section Coccinea

Section Oncostylis

Subgenus Isostylis

Despite initially assigning Banksia aquilonia to be variety of B. integrifolia, George noted that it had affinities with the then newly described species Banksia plagiocarpa, with which it co-occurs on and near Hinchinbrook Island in north Queensland.^[6]

Since 1998, American botanist Austin Mast and co-authors have been publishing results of ongoing cladistic analyses of DNA sequence data for Banksia and Dryandra. Their analyses suggest a phylogeny that differs greatly from George's taxonomic arrangement. Banksia aquilonia formed a clade with B. plagiocarpa, B. oblongifolia and B. robur, rather than B. integrifolia.^[13][14][15] Early in 2007, Mast and Thiele rearranged the genus Banksia by merging Dryandra into it, and published B. subg. Spathulatae for the taxa having spoon-shaped cotyledons; thus B. subg. Banksia was redefined as encompassing taxa lacking spoon-shaped cotyledons. They foreshadowed publishing a full arrangement once DNA sampling of Dryandra was complete; in the meantime, if Mast and Thiele's nomenclatural changes are taken as an interim arrangement, then B. aquilonia is placed in B. subg. Spathulatae.^[16]

Common names include northern banksia, white banksia, honeysuckle or white bottlebrush.^[7] A local aboriginal name is jingana, in the Jirrbal and Girramay languages.^[3]

Distribution and habitat

Banksia aquilonia occurs in coastal areas of northern Queensland from the Cedar Bay National Park to Paluma Range National Park,^[4] in areas with an annual rainfall of 1,000 to 4,000 mm (39 to 157 in).^[17] It occurs from near sea level to an altitude of 1,000 m (3,300 ft), in a variety of habitats and aspects.^[5] It grows in wet sclerophyll forest or rainforest margins,^[7] on plateaus, ridges, slopes and low-lying swampy areas on sandy or rocky soils,^[5] generally of granitic origin,^[6] or sometimes clay.^[5] It commonly grows with tree species such as the pink bloodwood (Corymbia intermedia), forest red gum (Eucalyptus tereticornis), swamp turpentine (Lophostemon suaveolens), forest oak (Allocasuarina torulosa), and black sheoak (A. littoralis), and understorey species such as coin spot wattle (Acacia cincinnata) and yellow wattle (A. flavescens). Much of its lowland habitat in the Wet Tropics has been degraded or fragmented.^[18] Although the range overlaps with B. dentata, the two species are not known to occur together.^[6]

Ecology

Banksia aquilonia regenerates after bushfire by regrowing from epicormic buds under its bark.^[19] Regeneration from root suckers has also been recorded.^[20] Unlike many banksia species which release their seed after bushfires, Banksia aquilonia sets seed when the follicles mature.^[21]

Banksia inflorescences are energy-rich sources of food, and B. aquilonia nectar is a likely food item of the endangered mahogany glider (Petaurus gracilis),^[22] as well as many other mammals and birds.^[21] Avian species observed visiting the flower spikes include the bridled honeyeater, white-cheeked honeyeater, eastern spinebill and rainbow lorikeet.^[5]

Cultivation

Banksia aquilonia adapts readily to cultivation in humid or temperate climates,^[17] but is rarely cultivated.^[7] A fast-growing plant,^[7] it can grow in acidic soils from pH 3.5 to 6.5. Propagation is generally by seed, and plants flower at four to six years of age. Vegetative propagation is possible from semi-hardened cuttings of pencil thickness.^[17] The flower spikes attract birds to the garden.^[7] It can also be grown in a pot, with its branches heavily pruned to keep foliage dense.^[23]

References

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Banksia_aquilonia&oldid=1101590218"

Banksia aquilonia, también denominada banksia del norte, es una especie de árbol en la familia Proteaceae. Es nativo del norte de Queensland sobre la costa noreste de Australia. Alcanza una altura promedio de 8 m, y posee hojas verdes angostas y brillantes que miden hasta 20 cm de largo y penachos de flores amarillo claro que miden de 6 a 10 cm de largo, denominados inflorescencias, que se manifiestan en otoño. Cuando los penachos maduran, las flores se desprenden y los mismos desarrollan hasta 50 folículos, cada uno de los cuales contiene dos semillas.

Alex George describió a esta planta en su trabajo publicado en 1981 sobre el género Banksia como una variedad de Banksia integrifolia, pero posteriormente la reclasificó como una especie separada. Los estudios genéticos muestran que está emparentada con Banksia plagiocarpa, Banksia oblongifolia y Banksia robur. La especie habita en zonas de bosque húmedo esclerófilo y en los bordes de bosques lluviosos en suelos arenosos. Banksia aquilonia se regenera luego de incendios forestales al brotar los chupones ubicados bajo su corteza.

Descripción

Banksia aquilonia crece formando un arbusto alto o un árbol pequeño de unos 8 m de alto,^[2]​ aunque existen registros de algunas plantas que llegan a medir 15 m de alto.^[3]​Su corteza es dura, fisurada y de color gris, mientras que las hojas son angostas elípticas o lanceoladas midiendo de 5 a 20 cm de largo y de 0.6 a 1.2 cm de ancho con márgenes rectos y extremo en punta. Su dorso es verde brillante y su zona inferior es blanca con una nervadura prominente cubierta de pelillos color marrón rojizo.^[4]​ En enero se observa la nueva zona de crecimiento color pardo.^[3]​ La planta florece desde marzo a junio. Las flores poseen la típica disposición de las Banksia en forma de penacho vertical, una inflorescencia formada por cientos de pares de flores densamente agrupadas formando una espiral alrededor del eje leñoso. El penacho de flores de B. aquilonia es de color amarillo claro, aproximadamente cilíndrico, midiendo de 6 a 10 cm de alto,^[2]​ y hasta 6 cm de diámetro. Los periantos tubulares de las flores individuales miden entre 2.5 a 2.9 cm de largo.^[5]​ Las mismas se abren al madurar (antesis) liberando los estigmas. Todas las partes viejas de las flores se desprenden a la vez que se desarrollan hasta 50 folículos ovales sobre un penacho leñoso desnudo. Los folículos miden de 0.8 a 1.2 cm de largo, de 0.5 a 0.9 de alto, y de 0.4 a 0.5 cm de ancho. Inicialmente peludos, posteriormente se tornan suaves y se abren al madurar,^[2]​ y sus dos partes semiovales se parten liberando las dos semillas que contienen.^[4]​ Las semillas de color gris-pardo oscuro a negro se encuentran a ambos lados de un separador leñoso de semillas. Las semillas miden de 1.4 a 1.6 cm de largo, poseen un cuerpo en forma de cuña, que mide de 0.8 a 1 cm de largo y de 0.2 a 0.3 cm de ancho.^[2]​ El separador leñoso posee la misma forma que la semilla, con la impresión de la semilla próxima a ella.^[4]​ Los plantines poseen cotiledones verde brillante de 1 cm de largo.^[5]​ Las hojas nuevas son más estrechas, midiendo entre 7 a 24 cm de largo y de 0.6 a 2.1 cm de ancho, y a menudo poseen márgenes aserrados.^[4]​

Distribución y hábitat

Banksia aquilonia habita zonas costeras del norte de Queensland desde el Parque nacional Bahía Cedro hasta Parque nacional Montañas Paluma,^[2]​ en zonas con una precipitación anual de 1000 mm a 4000 mm.^[6]​ Se presenta desde casi el nivel del mar hasta elevaciones de 1000 m, en diversos ambientes.^[3]​ Crece en el bosque esclerófilo húmedo, o en los márgenes de bosque tropical,^[5]​ en plateaus, riscos, pendientes y zonas bajas pantanosas o suelos arenosos o rocosos,^[3]​ generalmente de origen granítico,^[4]​ o a veces arcilla.^[3]​ Por lo general crece en zonas también habitadas por especies tales como el árbol de madera sangrienta rosado (Corymbia intermedia), eucalipto rojo (Eucalyptus tereticornis), swamp turpentine (Lophostemon suaveolens), roble hembra rosa (Allocasuarina torulosa), y roble hembra negro (A. littoralis), y especies del sotobosque tales como el coin spot wattle (Acacia cincinnata) y yellow wattle (A. flavescens). Gran parte de su hábitat en tierras bajas en los Trópicos húmedos se ha degradado o fragmentado.^[7]​ Si bien la zona donde crece se solapa con la de B. dentata, las dos especies no crecen en inmediata proximidad.^[4]​

Referencias

Banksia côtier du nord, Jingana

Banksia aquilonia est une espèce de plante du genre Banksia, famille des Proteaceae. Ce sont de grands arbustes ou petits arbres endémiques de l'Australie.

Description

Banksia aquilonia a le port d'un grand arbuste ou d'un petit arbre pouvant atteindre huit mètres de haut. L'écorce grise est dure et fissurée et les feuilles, elliptiques, ont les bords non dentés.

Les fleurs sont rassemblées en « épis floraux » caractéristiques des Banksia. Ces inflorescences sont constituées de centaines de paires de fleurs serrées de manière dense en spirale autour du rachis ligneux. L'épi floral de Banksia aquilonia, long de 6 à 10 centimètres, est de couleur jaune clair et à peu près cylindrique. Il fleurit de mars à juin^[1].

Bien que les inflorescences soient semblables à celles de Banksia integrifolia, les feuilles sont marquées dans leur différences - la nervure médiane sur la face inférieure des feuilles est nettement couverte de courts poils brun-rougeâtre et les feuilles sont disposées en spirales plutôt qu'en verticilles comme c'est le cas pour toutes les sous-espèces de Banksia integrifolia. Ce sont ces différences que George ressentit comme suffisamment particulières pour considérer Banksia integrifolia comme une espèce séparée^[2].

Taxonomie

Banksia aquilonia fut d'abord décrite par Alexander Segger George en 1981 en tant que variété de Banksia integrifolia (banksia côtier)^[3]. Elle fut promue au rang de sous-espèce par Thiele et Ladiges en 1994, puis au rang d'espèce par George en 1996^[2]. Ainsi le nom complet de cette espèce est « Banksia aquilonia (A.S.George) A.S.George ». Elle est classée dans le sous-genre Banksia, section Banksia et série Salicinae. Son classement au sein du genre Banksia peut se résumer de la manière suivante^[1] :

Genre Banksia

Sous-genre Banksia

Section Banksia

Série Salicinae

Banksia dentata - Banksia aquilonia - Banksia integrifolia - Banksia plagiocarpa - Banksia oblongifolia - Banksia robur - Banksia conferta - Banksia paludosa - Banksia marginata - Banksia canei - Banksia saxicola

Série Grandes

Série Banksia

Série Crocinae

Série Prostratae

Série Cyrtostylis

Série Tetragonae

Série Bauerinae

Série Quercinae

Section Coccinea

Section Oncostylis

Sous-genre Isostylis

Distribution et habitat

Banksia aquilonia se rencontre dans les régions côtières du nord du Queensland depuis le parc national du mont Finnigan jusqu'à la chaîne de Paluma, dans des forêts claires ou forêts sur sable granitique^[1].

Références

Banksia aquilonia, umumnya disebut sebagai banksia utara (bahasa Inggris: northern banksia), adalah pohon dalam familia Proteaceae asli dari Queensland utara di pantai timur laut Australia. Dengan tinggi rata-raata 8 m (26 ft), itu memiliki daun yang hijau, berkilau dan sempit dengan panjang hingga 20 cm (7,9 in) dan bunga paku kuning pucat dengan tinggi hingga 6 hingga 10 cm (2,4 hingga 3,9 in), yang disebut sebagai bunga majemuk, muncul pada musim gugur. Seiring paku-paku menua, bunganya jatuh dan mereka mengembangkan hingga 50 folikel, setiap folikel berisi dua biji.

Alex George mendeskripsikan tumbuhan ini pada monograf tahun 1981 dari genus Banksia sebagai varietas dari Banksia integrifolia, tetapi kemudian mengklasifikasikan ulang tumbuhan ini sebagai spesies terpisah. Studi genetik menunjukkan tumbuhan ini berkerabat dengan Banksia plagiocarpa, Banksia oblongifolia dan Banksia robur. Spesies ini ditemukan di hutan sklerofil basah dan batas hutan hujan di tanah berpasir. Banksia aquilonia beregenerasi setelah kebakaran dengan tumbuh ulang dari kuncup epikormik di bawah kulit kayunya. Banksia aquilonia jarang dibudidayakan.

Referensi

Pranala luar

• "Banksia aquilonia". Flora of Australia Online. Departemen Lingkungan dan Warisan, Pemerintah Australia. Hapus pranala luar di parameter |work= (bantuan)

Banksia aquilonia (A. S. George, 1996) è una pianta appartenente alla famiglia delle Proteaceae, endemica del Queensland settentrionale, sulla costa nord-orientale dell'Australia^[2].

Descrizione

Con un'altezza media di 8 metri, ha foglie strette verde lucido lunghe fino a 20 cm e alte spighe di fiori giallo pallido di 6–10 cm, note come infiorescenze, che appaiono in autunno. Quando le spighe maturano, i fiori cadono e si sviluppano fino a 50 follicoli, ognuno dei quali contiene due semi.

Nel 1981 Alexander Segger George descrisse la pianta nella sua monografia sul genere Banksia come una varietà di Banksia integrifolia, ma in seguito fu riclassificata come una specie separata. Studi genetici mostrano un legame a Banksia plagiocarpa, Banksia oblongifolia e Banksia robur. La specie si trova nei margini umidi della foresta sclerofilla e della foresta pluviale su terreni sabbiosi. Banksia aquilonia si rigenera dopo gli incendi boschivi germinando da gemme epicormici sotto la sua corteccia. Raramente viene coltivata.

Note

Banksia aemula é uma espécie de arbusto da família Proteaceae endêmica da Austrália. Foi descrita cientificamente pelo botânico Alex George.^[1]

Referências

Banksia aquilonia^[1] är en tvåhjärtbladig växtart som först beskrevs av Alexander Segger George 1981, som en variant av Banksia integrifolia. Växten klassificerades senare som en egen art och fick sitt nu gällande namn av George 1996.^[2] Banksia aquilonia ingår i släktet Banksia och familjen Proteaceae.^[3][4] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.^[3]

Utseende

Banksia aquilonia är en hög buske eller litet träd som vanligtvis blir ungefär 8 meter hög,^[5] men enstaka växter kan bli 15 meter höga.^[6] Barken är fårad och hård och grå till färgen.

B. aquilonia har smala, glänsande gröna blad och är 5–20 centimeter långa. Växten blommar på hösten (mars-juni) med gula blommor som är 6-10 långa som uppträder i kolvar.^[5][7] Varje kolv får ungefär 50 frukter med vardera två frön.^[8]

Utbredning

Arten hör hemma i norra Queensland längs Australiens kust, från Cedar Bay nationalpark ner till Paluma Range nationalpark.^[9][8]

Källor

Den här artikeln är helt eller delvis baserad på material från engelskspråkiga Wikipedia, Banksia aquilonia, 4 januari 2015.

1. ^ A. S. George, 1996 In: Nuytsia, 11(1): 22
2. ^ Alex S. George (1996). ”Notes on Banksia L. f” (på engelska). Nuytsia 11 (1): sid. 21–24.
3. ^ [a b] Roskov Y., Kunze T., Orrell T., Abucay L., Paglinawan L., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Decock W., De Wever A., Didžiulis V. (ed) (11 april 2014). ”Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2014 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2014/details/species/id/16722882. Läst 26 maj 2014.
4. ^ World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World
5. ^ [a b] Alex S. George (1999) (på engelska). Banksia. "17B". CSIRO Publishing / Australian Biological Resources Study. ISBN 0-643-06454-0
6. ^ Anne Taylor, Stephen Hopper (1988) (på engelska). The Banksia Atlas (Australian Flora and Fauna Series Number 8). Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, Australien. ISBN 0-644-07124-9
7. ^ ”Banksia aquilonia” (på engelska). Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants. http://keys.trin.org.au:8080/key-server/data/0e0f0504-0103-430d-8004-060d07080d04/media/Html/taxon/Banksia_aquilonia.htm. Läst 7 juli 2015.
8. ^ [a b] Alex S. George (1981). ”The Genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)” (på engelska). Nuytsia 3 (3): sid. 239–473 [283–84]. ISSN 0085-4417.
9. ^ Thiele, Kevin ; Ladiges, Pauline Y. (1994). ”The Banksia integrifolia L.f. Species Complex (Proteaceae)” (på engelska). Australian Systematic Botany 7 (4): sid. 393–408. doi:10.1071/SB9940393.

Externa länkar

• Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Banksia aquilonia.
  Bilder & media

• Wikispecies har information om Banksia aquilonia.
  Artförteckning

Đây là một bài mồ côi vì không có hoặc có ít bài khác liên kết đến nó.
Xin hãy tạo liên kết đến bài này trong các bài của các chủ đề liên quan. (tháng 7 2018)

Banksia aquilonia là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Quắn hoa. Loài này được (A.S.George) A.S.George miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1996.^[1]

Chú thích

Liên kết ngoài

• Phương tiện liên quan tới Banksia aquilonia tại Wikimedia Commons
• Dữ liệu liên quan tới Banksia aquilonia tại Wikispecies
• Vườn thực vật hoàng gia Kew; Đại học Harvard; Australian Plant Name Index (biên tập). “Banksia aquilonia”. International Plant Names Index. Truy cập ngày 25 tháng 6 năm 2013.