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Japanese Holly

Ilex crenata Thunb.

active growth period

USDA Plants data
spring and summer
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/springAndSummer

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allelopathic effect

USDA Plants data
no known allelopathy
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/allelopathyUnknown

Definition: There is no evidence that the organism produces compounds (allelochemicals) that influence the growth, survival, and reproduction of other organisms.

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anaerobic soil tolerance

USDA Plants data
none
URI: http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/260413007

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are eaten by

6 records hidden — show all

Global Biotic Interactions

Erithacus rubecula (Linnaeus 1758) (robin, european robin)
Global Biotic Interactions

Hishimonus hamatus Kuoh 1976
Global Biotic Interactions

Biston robustus
Global Biotic Interactions

Udara albocaerulea
Global Biotic Interactions

Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis Haworth 1803 (Evergreen Bagworm Moth)

are host of

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Global Biotic Interactions

Phomopsis
Global Biotic Interactions

Plesiomorpha flaviceps
Global Biotic Interactions

Phyllosticta concentrica Sacc. 1878
Global Biotic Interactions

Oiketicus abbotii
Global Biotic Interactions

Cylindrocladium avesticulatum

bloom period

USDA Plants data
mid spring
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/midSpring

Definition: The mid part of the season between the vernal equinox and the summer solstice.

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calcareous soil tolerance

USDA Plants data
none
URI: http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/260413007

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carbon-to-nitrogen ratio

USDA Plants data
high (>59)
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/highCNRatio

Definition: The percentage of organic carbon divided by the percentage of total nitrogen in organic material is higher than 59.

Comment: USDA Plants database specifies the organic material as either the above ground biomass of an herbaceous plant or the above ground herbaceous material of a woody plant.

Attribution: USDA Plants database. Characteristics Data Fields. http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html

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cellularity

Cellularity and growth form
multicellular
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001993

Definition: A cellularity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearers consisting of more than one cell. [ PATOC:GVG ]

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commercial availability

USDA Plants data
routinely available
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/routinelyAvailable

Definition: The plant is routinely available commercially.

Attribution: USDA PLANTS database Characteristics Data Fields. http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html

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drought tolerance

USDA Plants data
medium (normal)
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000461

Definition: Average. A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting no deviation from normal or average.

Attribution: [database_cross_reference: PATOC:GVG]

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fire resistance

USDA Plants data
no
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/no

Definition: This statement is false; the answer to this question is no.

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fire tolerance

USDA Plants data
none
URI: http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/260413007

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flower color

USDA Plants data
yellow
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000324

Definition: A color hue with medium wavelength of that portion of the visible spectrum lying between orange and green, evoked in the human observer by radiant energy with wavelengths of approximately 570 to 590 nanometers.

Attribution: [database_cross_reference: Dictionary:http://dictionary.reference.com/]

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foliage porosity summer

USDA Plants data
dense (low porosity)
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/lowPorosity

Definition: A porosity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being incapable of admitting the passage of gas or liquid through pores or interstices.

Attribution: cf. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000973

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foliage porosity winter

USDA Plants data
dense (low porosity)
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/lowPorosity

Definition: A porosity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being incapable of admitting the passage of gas or liquid through pores or interstices.

Attribution: cf. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000973

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foliage texture

USDA Plants data
smooth
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000701

Definition: A texture quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's processing a surface free of roughness or irregularities.

Comment: [database_cross_reference: PATOC:GVG]

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frost free days

USDA Plants data

160 days

(min)

fruit or seed color

USDA Plants data
black
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000317

Definition: A color that lacks any hues as parts.

Comment: [database_cross_reference: PATOC:GVG]

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fruit/seed abundance

USDA Plants data
medium
URI: http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C49507

Definition: Mid-way between small and large in number, quantity, magnitude or extent.

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fruit/seed persistence

USDA Plants data
no
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/no

Definition: This statement is false; the answer to this question is no.

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geographic distribution

22 records hidden — show all

USDA Plants data
New York
URI: http://www.geonames.org/5128638

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USDA Plants data
New Jersey
URI: http://www.geonames.org/5101760

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USDA Plants data
Ohio
URI: http://www.geonames.org/5165418

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USDA Plants data
Pennsylvania
URI: http://www.geonames.org/6254927

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USDA Plants data
Connecticut
URI: http://www.geonames.org/4831725

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germination requirements

USDA Plants data
yes
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/yes

Definition: This statement is true; the answer to this question is yes.

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grain type

USDA Plants data
no
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/no

Definition: This statement is false; the answer to this question is no.

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grass growth type

USDA Plants data
no
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/no

Definition: This statement is false; the answer to this question is no.

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growth rate

USDA Plants data
slow
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000911

Definition: Decreased rate. A rate which is relatively low.

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habitat

Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species
terrestrial
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000446

Definition: A biome that applies to the terrestrial realm.

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hedge tolerance

USDA Plants data
medium (normal)
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000461

Definition: Average. A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting no deviation from normal or average.

Attribution: [database_cross_reference: PATOC:GVG]

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horticulture

USDA Plants data
yes
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/yes

Definition: This statement is true; the answer to this question is yes.

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USDA Plants data
no
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/no

Definition: This statement is false; the answer to this question is no.

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USDA Plants data
no
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/no

Definition: This statement is false; the answer to this question is no.

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USDA Plants data
yes
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/yes

Definition: This statement is true; the answer to this question is yes.

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human/livestock toxicity

USDA Plants data
none
URI: http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/260413007

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introduced range includes

Simpson et al 2020
The Contiguous United States
URI: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q578170

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USDA Plants data
The Contiguous United States
URI: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q578170

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Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species
United States
URI: http://www.geonames.org/6252001

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leaf color

USDA Plants data
dark green
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/darkGreen

Definition: Of the color between blue and yellow in the color spectrum; similar to the color of fresh grass

Attribution: http://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/dark-green

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leaf sheddability

MADtraits
evergreen
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001733

Definition: Evergreen (plant): A quality inhering in a plant by virtue of the bearer's disposition to retain foliage.

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life cycle habit

USDA Plants data
perennial
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FLOPO_0980073

Definition: Of plant duration, a plant whose life span extends over more than two growing seasons, c.f. annual, biennial, ephemeral, of flowering with respect to architecture, hapaxanthic, monocarpic, pleonanthic

Attribution: Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 12, July 2012. Glossary: http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/top/glossaryi_p.html#perennial

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life span

USDA Plants data
high life span
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001603

Definition: Increased life span: A life span which is relatively high.

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livestock bloat potential

USDA Plants data
none
URI: http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/260413007

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low temperature tolerance

USDA Plants data

-13 degrees fahrenheit

(min)

moisture use

USDA Plants data
medium
URI: http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C49507

Definition: Mid-way between small and large in number, quantity, magnitude or extent.

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number of records in iNat

iNaturalist data coverage

5343

number of research grade records in iNat

iNaturalist data coverage

1484

plant growth form

USDA Plants data
tree
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FLOPO_0900033

Definition: whole plant arborescent

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USDA Plants data
tree
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FLOPO_0900033

Definition: whole plant arborescent

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USDA Plants data
shrub
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FLOPO_0900034

Definition: whole plant frutescent, bush, shrub

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USDA Plants data
shrub
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FLOPO_0900034

Definition: whole plant frutescent, bush, shrub

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plant height

2 records hidden — show all

MADtraits

1.3 m

(single measurement)
MADtraits

4.9 m

(single measurement)
MADtraits

2.4 m

(single measurement)
MADtraits

4.87 m

(single measurement)
MADtraits

0.7 m

(single measurement)

plant propagation method

4 records hidden — show all

USDA Plants data
no
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/no

Definition: This statement is false; the answer to this question is no.

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USDA Plants data
no
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/no

Definition: This statement is false; the answer to this question is no.

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USDA Plants data
no
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/no

Definition: This statement is false; the answer to this question is no.

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USDA Plants data
no
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/no

Definition: This statement is false; the answer to this question is no.

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USDA Plants data
no
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/no

Definition: This statement is false; the answer to this question is no.

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planting density

USDA Plants data

1100 per acre

(min)
USDA Plants data

1800 per acre

(max)

precipitation tolerance

USDA Plants data

55 inch

(max)
USDA Plants data

35 inch

(min)

primary growth form

USDA Plants data
multiple stems
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/multipleStems

Definition: Plant development by producing two or more stems. Examples: roundleaf dogwood (Cornus rugosa) and red huckleberry (Vaccinium parvifolium).

Attribution: USDA PLANTS database Characteristics Data Fields. https://plants.usda.gov/home/help

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primary macronutrient requirements

USDA Plants data
medium
URI: http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C49507

Definition: Mid-way between small and large in number, quantity, magnitude or extent.

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produces

Rockwell et al
oxygen
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15379

Definition: molecular oxygen, O2

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resprout ability after clipping

USDA Plants data
yes
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/yes

Definition: This statement is true; the answer to this question is yes.

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salt tolerance

USDA Plants data
none
URI: http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/260413007

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seed period begin

USDA Plants data
spring
URI: http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C94731

Definition: The season between the vernal equinox and the summer solstice.

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seed period end

USDA Plants data
summer
URI: http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C94732

Definition: The season between the summer solstice and the autumnal equinox.

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seed spread rate

USDA Plants data
none
URI: http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/260413007

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seedling survival

USDA Plants data
low
URI: http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C54722

Definition: A minimum level or position or degree; less than normal in degree, intensity or amount.

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(seedling)

seeds per pound

USDA Plants data

29000

(average)

shade tolerance

USDA Plants data
high tolerance
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002393

Definition: A tolerance quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's increased ability to endure a stimulus

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shape

USDA Plants data
decumbent
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002343

Definition: A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lying or growing on the ground but with erect or rising tips.

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shedability

USDA Plants data
evergreen
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001733

Definition: Evergreen (plant): A quality inhering in a plant by virtue of the bearer's disposition to retain foliage.

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soil depth

USDA Plants data

10 inch

(min)

soil ph

USDA Plants data

5.5

(max)
USDA Plants data

4.5

(min)

soil requirements

USDA Plants data
yes
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/yes

Definition: This statement is true; the answer to this question is yes.

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USDA Plants data
no
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/no

Definition: This statement is false; the answer to this question is no.

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USDA Plants data
yes
URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/yes

Definition: This statement is true; the answer to this question is yes.

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stem diameter

1 record hidden — show all

MADtraits

0.0126 m

(single measurement)
MADtraits

0.015 m

(single measurement)
MADtraits

0.043 m

(single measurement)
MADtraits

0.033 m

(single measurement)
MADtraits

0.0049 m

(single measurement)

trophic guild

Rockwell et al
photoautotroph
URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECOCORE_00000130

Definition: An autotroph which is capable of transforming light into chemical energy.

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type specimen repository

2 records hidden — show all

iDigBio type specimen records
Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology
URI: http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791

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NMNH type specimens
national museum of natural history, smithsonian institution (usnm)
URI: http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871

Definition: National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution (USNM), Washington, District of Columbia, USA.\r\nNMNH and USNM both refer to the National Museum of Natural History. Collections are associated with one or the other acronym. US, the US National Herbarium, is a collection within the National Museum of Natural History. URL for main institutional website, http://www.mnh.si.edu/rc/\r\nURL for institutional specimen catalog, http://collections.mnh.si.edu/

Comment: Ontology Description: http://grbio.org/

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NMNH type specimens
national museum of natural history, smithsonian institution (usnm)
URI: http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871

Definition: National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution (USNM), Washington, District of Columbia, USA.\r\nNMNH and USNM both refer to the National Museum of Natural History. Collections are associated with one or the other acronym. US, the US National Herbarium, is a collection within the National Museum of Natural History. URL for main institutional website, http://www.mnh.si.edu/rc/\r\nURL for institutional specimen catalog, http://collections.mnh.si.edu/

Comment: Ontology Description: http://grbio.org/

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GBIF national node type records UK
Royal Botanic Gardens (Kew)
URI: http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867

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GBIF national node type records UK
Royal Botanic Gardens (Kew)
URI: http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867

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vegetative spread rate

USDA Plants data
none
URI: http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/260413007

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