Comments
provided by eFloras
Oil extracted from the seeds is used for making lubricating oil. The fruit, bark, and leaves contain yellow dye.
- license
- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
- copyright
- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Description
provided by eFloras
Shrubs or small trees, dioecious, to 4 m tall, mainly spinose, rarely unarmed. Branches opposite to subopposite; young branches whitish to grayish pubescent, glabrescent, terminating in a bud or spine; old branches brown or purple-red, smooth. Leaves opposite to subopposite or fascicled on short shoots; stipules lanceolate, often pilose, persistent; petiole 0.5-1.5 cm, adaxially canaliculate; leaf blade abaxially yellow-green, adaxially dark green, shiny, elliptic, oblong, or obovate-elliptic, 4-15 × 2-6.5 cm, papery to subleathery, abaxially golden-yellow pubescent on veins, adaxially mostly glabrous, lateral veins 5 or 6(-8) pairs, prominent on both surfaces, base cuneate or rarely rounded, sometimes slightly asymmetric, margin finely serrate, apex acute. Flowers unisexual, 4-merous. Pedicels 5-7 mm, glabrous, white pilose, or gray pubescent. Calyx puberulent or glabrous. Petals present. Male flowers few fascicled in leaf axils or 10-30-fascicled at lower part of branchlets, with rudimentary pistil. Female flowers 2-6-fascicled in leaf axils or at lower part of branchlets; rudimentary stamens small; style long, 2-fid or cleft to half. Drupe black at maturity, globose or subglobose, with 2 stones, with persistent calyx tube at base; fruiting pedicel 5-12 mm, glabrous. Seeds abaxially-laterally with margined short furrow at base. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. May-Aug.
- license
- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
- copyright
- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Distribution
provided by eFloras
Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].
- license
- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
- copyright
- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Habitat
provided by eFloras
Forests, thickets, mountains, hills, grassy slopes; below 3300 m.
- license
- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
- copyright
- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA