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Parasmittina aotea (Brown 1952)

Scientific Names

Preferred Names

Species recognized by EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from World Register of Marine Species

Species recognized by wikipedia NL, New Zealand Species List, Tasman Sea Species List, and South Pacific Species List

Recognized by OBIS environmental data records

Species recognized by EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1, EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1, and GBIF classification

Species recognized by wikidata_hierarchy tar gz

Recognized by Schack et al 2020 and Schack et al 2020

Species recognized by Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024, World Register of Marine Species, GBIF data coverage, Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.3, and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.4

Common Names

There are no common names associated with this taxon.

Life

Cellular Organisms

Eukaryota

Opisthokonta

Metazoa

Bilateria

Protostomia

Spiralia

Bryozoa

Gymnolaemata Allman 1856

Cheilostomatida Busk 1852

Flustrina Smitt 1868

Smittinoidea Levinsen 1909

Smittinidae Levinsen 1909

Parasmittina Osburn 1952

Parasmittina aotea (Brown 1952) (this page)

Parasmittina alanbanneri Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina alaskensis Osburn 1952

Parasmittina aleutensis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina anderseni Cheetham & Sandberg 1964

Parasmittina areolata (Canu & Bassler 1927)

Parasmittina atypica (Powell 1967)

Parasmittina auris Guha & Gopikrishna 2005

Parasmittina avicularissima Gontar 1982

Parasmittina aviculifera (d'Hondt 1986)

Parasmittina betamorphaea Winston 2005

Parasmittina californiensis (Robertson 1908)

Parasmittina cheilodon (MacGillivray 1869)

Parasmittina circinanata Liu 2001

Parasmittina circularis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina contraria Seo 1992

Parasmittina crosslandi (Hastings 1930)

Parasmittina delicatula (Busk 1884)

Parasmittina dentigera (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina dependeo Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina dolabrata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina echinata Canu & Bassler 1928

Parasmittina egyptiaca (Waters 1909)

Parasmittina emersoni Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina erecta Gordon & d'Hondt 1997

Parasmittina exasperatrix d'Hondt 1986

Parasmittina exiguiuncinata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina fistulata (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina floridana Winston 2005

Parasmittina fraseri Osburn 1952

Parasmittina galerita Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina glabra Gordon & d'Hondt 1997

Parasmittina gujaratica Guha & Gopikrishna 2005

Parasmittina hanzawae Kataoka 1960

Parasmittina harudiensis Guha & Gopikrishna 2005

Parasmittina hastingsae Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina ilioensis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina inalienata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina jeffreysi (Norman 1876)

Parasmittina johni Guha & Gopikrishna 2005

Parasmittina kauaiensis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina labellum (Canu & Bassler 1928)

Parasmittina latiavicularia (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina lavela Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina leviavicularia Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina livingstonei (Powell 1967)

Parasmittina longirostrata Liu 2001

Parasmittina loxa (Marcus 1937)

Parasmittina macginitiei Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina macphersonae Powell 1967

Parasmittina margaritata Hayward 1988

Parasmittina marsupialis (Busk 1884)

Parasmittina mauritiana Hayward 1988

Parasmittina mexicana Pouyet & Herrera-Anduaga 1986

Parasmittina munita (Hincks 1884)

Parasmittina murarmata (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina nasuta (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina natalensis O'Donoghue 1957

Parasmittina nitida (Verrill 1875)

Parasmittina novella Hayward & Cook 1983

Parasmittina obstructa (Waters 1889)

Parasmittina onychorrhyncha Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina ornata (Thornely 1912)

Parasmittina papulata Harmer 1957

Parasmittina paradicei (Livingstone 1926)

Parasmittina parsevalii (Audouin 1826)

Parasmittina parsloeparsloei Hayward & Parker 1994

Parasmittina parvitatis Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina parviuncinata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina pectinata Hayward & Parker 1994

Parasmittina pinctatae Liu 2001

Parasmittina projecta (Okada & Mawatari 1937)

Parasmittina proximoproducta Moyano 1983

Parasmittina pugetensis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina pyriformis Seo 2002

Parasmittina raigiformis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina raigii (Audouin 1826)

Parasmittina raigioidea Liu 2001

Parasmittina recidiva Hayward 1988

Parasmittina regularis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina rimula Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina rostriformis (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina rouvillei (Calvet 1902)

Parasmittina santacruzana Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina serrula Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina soulesi Scholz & Cusi 1993

Parasmittina spathulata (Smitt 1873)

Parasmittina subtubulata (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina talismani (Calvet 1907)

Parasmittina triangularis (Mawatari 1952)

Parasmittina trianguliforma Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina trispinosa (Johnston 1838)

Parasmittina tropica (Waters 1909)

Parasmittina trunculata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina tubula (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina tubulata Osburn 1952

Parasmittina turbula Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina uncinata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina vacuramosa Lu, Nie & Zhong ex Lu 1991

Parasmittina variabilis Liu 2001

Parasmittina winstonae Liu 2001

42 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

Biota

Animalia

Bryozoa

Gymnolaemata Allman 1856

Cheilostomatida Busk 1852

Flustrina Smitt 1868

Smittinoidea Levinsen 1909

Smittinidae Levinsen 1909

Parasmittina Osburn 1952

Parasmittina aotea (Brown 1952) (this page)

Parasmittina aculeata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina alanbanneri Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina alaskensis Osburn 1952

Parasmittina aleutensis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina anderseni Cheetham & Sandberg 1964

Parasmittina areolata (Canu & Bassler 1927)

Parasmittina atypica (Powell 1967)

Parasmittina auris Guha & Gopikrishna 2005

Parasmittina avicularissima Gontar 1982

Parasmittina aviculifera (d'Hondt 1986)

Parasmittina aviculifera Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina betamorphaea Winston 2005

Parasmittina bimucronata (Hincks 1884)

Parasmittina californica (Robertson 1908)

Parasmittina californiensis (Robertson 1908)

Parasmittina cheilodon (MacGillivray 1869)

Parasmittina circinanata Liu 2001

Parasmittina circularis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina contraria Seo 1992

Parasmittina crosslandi (Hastings 1930)

Parasmittina delicatula (Busk 1884)

Parasmittina dentigera (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina dependeo Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina dolabrata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina dubitata Hayward 1980

Parasmittina echinata Canu & Bassler 1928

Parasmittina egyptiaca (Waters 1909)

Parasmittina emersoni Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina erecta Gordon & d'Hondt 1997

Parasmittina exasperatrix d'Hondt 1986

Parasmittina fistulata (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina floridana Winston 2005

Parasmittina fraseri Osburn 1952

Parasmittina galerita Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina glabra Gordon & d'Hondt 1997

Parasmittina glomerata (Thornely 1912)

Parasmittina gujaratica Guha & Gopikrishna 2005

Parasmittina hanzawae Kataoka 1960

Parasmittina harudiensis Guha & Gopikrishna 2005

Parasmittina hastingsae Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina ilioensis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina inalienata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina jeffreysi (Norman 1876)

Parasmittina kauaiensis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina labellum (Canu & Bassler 1928)

Parasmittina latiavicularia (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina lavela Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina leviavicularia Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina livingstonei (Powell 1967)

Parasmittina longirostrata Liu 2001

Parasmittina loxa (Marcus 1937)

Parasmittina macginitiei Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina macphersonae Powell 1967

Parasmittina margaritata Hayward 1988

Parasmittina marsupialis (Busk 1884)

Parasmittina mauritiana Hayward 1988

Parasmittina mexicana Pouyet & Herrera-Anduaga 1986

Parasmittina munita (Hincks 1884)

Parasmittina murarmata (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina nasuta (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina natalensis O'Donoghue 1957

Parasmittina nitida (Verrill 1875)

Parasmittina novella Hayward & Cook 1983

Parasmittina obstructa (Waters 1889)

Parasmittina onychorrhyncha Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina ornata (Thornely 1912)

Parasmittina ovilirata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina papulata Harmer 1957

Parasmittina paradicei (Livingstone 1926)

Parasmittina parsevaliformis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina parsevalii (Audouin 1826)

Parasmittina parsevalioidea Liu 2001

Parasmittina parvitatis Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina parviuncinata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina pectinata Hayward & Parker 1994

Parasmittina pinctatae Liu 2001

Parasmittina projecta (Okada & Mawatari 1937)

Parasmittina protecta (Thornely 1905)

Parasmittina pugetensis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina pyriformis Seo 2002

Parasmittina raigii (Audouin 1826)

Parasmittina raigioidea Liu 2001

Parasmittina regularis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina rimula Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina rouvillei (Calvet 1902)

Parasmittina santacruzana Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina serruloides Harmelin, Bitar & Zibrowius 2009

Parasmittina solenosmilioides Hayward & Parker 1994

Parasmittina spathulata (Smitt 1873)

Parasmittina spiculata Gluhak, Lewis & Popijak 2007

Parasmittina subtubulata (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina trianguliforma Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina trispinosa (Johnston 1838)

Parasmittina trunculata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina tubula (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina turbula Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina uncinata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina vacuramosa Lu, Nie & Zhong ex Lu 1991

Parasmittina variabilis Liu 2001

Parasmittina winstonae Liu 2001

24 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

Parasmittina aotea (Brown 1952) (this page)

Parasmittina alanbanneri Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina alaskensis Osburn 1952

Parasmittina aleutensis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina anderseni Cheetham & Sandberg 1964

Parasmittina areolata (Canu & Bassler 1927)

Parasmittina atypica (Powell 1967)

Parasmittina auris Guha & Gopikrishna 2005

Parasmittina avicularissima Gontar 1982

Parasmittina aviculifera (d'Hondt 1986)

Parasmittina betamorphaea Winston 2005

Parasmittina californiensis (Robertson 1908)

Parasmittina cheilodon (MacGillivray 1869)

Parasmittina circinanata Liu 2001

Parasmittina circularis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina contraria Seo 1992

Parasmittina crosslandi (Hastings 1930)

Parasmittina delicatula (Busk 1884)

Parasmittina dentigera (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina dependeo Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina dolabrata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina echinata Canu & Bassler 1928

Parasmittina egyptiaca (Waters 1909)

Parasmittina emersoni Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina erecta Gordon & d'Hondt 1997

Parasmittina exasperatrix d'Hondt 1986

Parasmittina exiguiuncinata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina fistulata (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina floridana Winston 2005

Parasmittina fraseri Osburn 1952

Parasmittina galerita Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina glabra Gordon & d'Hondt 1997

Parasmittina gujaratica Guha & Gopikrishna 2005

Parasmittina hanzawae Kataoka 1960

Parasmittina harudiensis Guha & Gopikrishna 2005

Parasmittina hastingsae Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina ilioensis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina inalienata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina jeffreysi (Norman 1876)

Parasmittina johni Guha & Gopikrishna 2005

Parasmittina kauaiensis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina labellum (Canu & Bassler 1928)

Parasmittina latiavicularia (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina lavela Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina leviavicularia Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina livingstonei (Powell 1967)

Parasmittina longirostrata Liu 2001

Parasmittina loxa (Marcus 1937)

Parasmittina macginitiei Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina macphersonae Powell 1967

Parasmittina margaritata Hayward 1988

Parasmittina marsupialis (Busk 1884)

Parasmittina mauritiana Hayward 1988

Parasmittina mexicana Pouyet & Herrera-Anduaga 1986

Parasmittina munita (Hincks 1884)

Parasmittina murarmata (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina nasuta (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina natalensis O'Donoghue 1957

Parasmittina nitida (Verrill 1875)

Parasmittina novella Hayward & Cook 1983

Parasmittina obstructa (Waters 1889)

Parasmittina onychorrhyncha Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina ornata (Thornely 1912)

Parasmittina papulata Harmer 1957

Parasmittina paradicei (Livingstone 1926)

Parasmittina parsevalii (Audouin 1826)

Parasmittina parsloeparsloei Hayward & Parker 1994

Parasmittina parvitatis Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina parviuncinata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina pectinata Hayward & Parker 1994

Parasmittina pinctatae Liu 2001

Parasmittina projecta (Okada & Mawatari 1937)

Parasmittina proximoproducta Moyano 1983

Parasmittina pugetensis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina pyriformis Seo 2002

Parasmittina raigiformis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina raigii (Audouin 1826)

Parasmittina raigioidea Liu 2001

Parasmittina recidiva Hayward 1988

Parasmittina regularis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina rimula Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina rostriformis (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina rouvillei (Calvet 1902)

Parasmittina santacruzana Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina serrula Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina soulesi Scholz & Cusi 1993

Parasmittina spathulata (Smitt 1873)

Parasmittina subtubulata (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina talismani (Calvet 1907)

Parasmittina triangularis (Mawatari 1952)

Parasmittina trianguliforma Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina trispinosa (Johnston 1838)

Parasmittina tropica (Waters 1909)

Parasmittina trunculata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina tubula (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina tubulata Osburn 1952

Parasmittina turbula Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina uncinata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina vacuramosa Lu, Nie & Zhong ex Lu 1991

Parasmittina variabilis Liu 2001

Parasmittina winstonae Liu 2001

42 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

Life

Cellular Organisms

Eukaryota

Opisthokonta

Metazoa

Bilateria

Protostomia

Spiralia

Bryozoa

Gymnolaemata

Cheilostomatida

Smittinoidea

Smittinidae

Parasmittina

Parasmittina aotea (Brown 1952) (this page)

Parasmittina alanbanneri Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina alaskensis Osburn 1952

Parasmittina aleutensis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina anderseni Cheetham & Sandberg 1964

Parasmittina areolata (Canu & Bassler 1927)

Parasmittina atypica (Powell 1967)

Parasmittina auris Guha & Gopikrishna 2007

Parasmittina avicularissima Gontar 1982

Parasmittina aviculifera (d'Hondt 1986)

Parasmittina betamorphaea Winston 2005

Parasmittina californiensis (Robertson 1908)

Parasmittina cheilodon (Mac Gillivray 1869)

Parasmittina circinanata Liu 2001

Parasmittina circularis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina contraria Seo 1992

Parasmittina crosslandi (Hastings 1930)

Parasmittina delicatula (Busk 1884)

Parasmittina dentigera (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina dependeo Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina dolabrata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina echinata Canu & Bassler 1928

Parasmittina egyptiaca (Waters 1909)

Parasmittina emersoni Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina erecta Gordon & d'Hondt 1997

Parasmittina exasperatrix d'Hondt 1986

Parasmittina exiguiuncinata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina fistulata (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina floridana Winston 2005

Parasmittina fraseri Osburn 1952

Parasmittina galerita Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina glabra Gordon & d'Hondt 1997

Parasmittina gujaratica Guha & Gopikrishna 2007

Parasmittina hanzawae Kataoka 1960

Parasmittina harudiensis Guha & Gopikrishna 2007

Parasmittina hastingsae Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina ilioensis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina inalienata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina jeffreysi (Norman 1876)

Parasmittina johni Guha & Gopikrishna 2007

Parasmittina kauaiensis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina kirkpatricki Hayward 1988

Parasmittina labellum (Canu & Bassler 1928)

Parasmittina latiavicularia (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina lavela Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina leviavicularia Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina livingstonei (Powell 1967)

Parasmittina longirostrata Liu 2001

Parasmittina loxa (Marcus 1937)

Parasmittina macginitiei Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina macphersonae Powell 1967

Parasmittina margaritata Hayward 1988

Parasmittina marsupialis (Busk 1884)

Parasmittina mauritiana Hayward 1988

Parasmittina mexicana Pouyet & Herrera-Anduaga 1986

Parasmittina munita (Hincks 1884)

Parasmittina murarmata (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina nasuta (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina natalensis O'Donoghue 1957

Parasmittina nitida (Verrill 1875)

Parasmittina novella Hayward & Cook 1983

Parasmittina obstructa (Waters 1889)

Parasmittina onychorrhyncha Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina ornata (Thornely 1912)

Parasmittina papulata Harmer 1957

Parasmittina paradicei (Livingstone 1926)

Parasmittina parsevalii (Audouin 1826)

Parasmittina parsloeparsloei Hayward & Parker 1994

Parasmittina parvitatis Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina parviuncinata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina pectinata Hayward & Parker 1994

Parasmittina pinctatae Liu 2001

Parasmittina pluriavicularis Moyano 1982

Parasmittina projecta (Okada & Mawatari 1937)

Parasmittina proximoproducta Moyano 1983

Parasmittina pugetensis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina pyriformis Seo 2002

Parasmittina raigiformis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina raigii (Audouin 1826)

Parasmittina raigioidea Liu 2001

Parasmittina recidiva Hayward 1988

Parasmittina regularis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina rimula Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina rostriformis (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina rouvillei (Calvet 1902)

Parasmittina santacruzana Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina serrula Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina soulesi Scholz & Cusi 1993

Parasmittina subtubulata (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina talismani (Calvet 1907)

Parasmittina triangularis (Mawatari 1952)

Parasmittina trianguliforma Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina tropica (Waters 1909)

Parasmittina trunculata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina tubula (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina tubulata Osburn 1952

Parasmittina turbula Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina uncinata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina vacuramosa Lu, Nie & Zhong ex Lu 1991

Parasmittina variabilis Liu 2001

Parasmittina winstonae Liu 2001

17 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

Parasmittina aotea (Brown 1952) (this page)

Parasmittina alanbanneri Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina alaskensis Osburn 1952

Parasmittina aleutensis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina anderseni Cheetham & Sandberg 1964

Parasmittina areolata (Canu & Bassler 1927)

Parasmittina atypica (Powell 1967)

Parasmittina auris Guha & Gopikrishna 2005

Parasmittina avicularissima Gontar 1982

Parasmittina aviculifera (d'Hondt 1986)

Parasmittina betamorphaea Winston 2005

Parasmittina californiensis (Robertson 1908)

Parasmittina cheilodon (MacGillivray 1869)

Parasmittina circinanata Liu 2001

Parasmittina circularis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina contraria Seo 1992

Parasmittina crosslandi (Hastings 1930)

Parasmittina delicatula (Busk 1884)

Parasmittina dentigera (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina dependeo Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina dolabrata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina echinata Canu & Bassler 1928

Parasmittina egyptiaca (Waters 1909)

Parasmittina emersoni Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina erecta Gordon & d'Hondt 1997

Parasmittina exasperatrix d'Hondt 1986

Parasmittina exiguiuncinata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina fistulata (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina floridana Winston 2005

Parasmittina fraseri Osburn 1952

Parasmittina galerita Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina glabra Gordon & d'Hondt 1997

Parasmittina gujaratica Guha & Gopikrishna 2005

Parasmittina hanzawae Kataoka 1960

Parasmittina harudiensis Guha & Gopikrishna 2005

Parasmittina hastingsae Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina ilioensis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina inalienata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina jeffreysi (Norman 1876)

Parasmittina johni Guha & Gopikrishna 2005

Parasmittina kauaiensis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina labellum (Canu & Bassler 1928)

Parasmittina latiavicularia (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina lavela Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina leviavicularia Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina livingstonei (Powell 1967)

Parasmittina longirostrata Liu 2001

Parasmittina loxa (Marcus 1937)

Parasmittina macginitiei Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina macphersonae Powell 1967

Parasmittina margaritata Hayward 1988

Parasmittina marsupialis (Busk 1884)

Parasmittina mauritiana Hayward 1988

Parasmittina mexicana Pouyet & Herrera-Anduaga 1986

Parasmittina munita (Hincks 1884)

Parasmittina murarmata (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina nasuta (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina natalensis O'Donoghue 1957

Parasmittina nitida (Verrill 1875)

Parasmittina novella Hayward & Cook 1983

Parasmittina obstructa (Waters 1889)

Parasmittina onychorrhyncha Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina ornata (Thornely 1912)

Parasmittina papulata Harmer 1957

Parasmittina paradicei (Livingstone 1926)

Parasmittina parsevalii (Audouin 1826)

Parasmittina parsloeparsloei Hayward & Parker 1994

Parasmittina parvitatis Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina parviuncinata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina pectinata Hayward & Parker 1994

Parasmittina pinctatae Liu 2001

Parasmittina projecta (Okada & Mawatari 1937)

Parasmittina proximoproducta Moyano 1983

Parasmittina pugetensis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina pyriformis Seo 2002

Parasmittina raigiformis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina raigii (Audouin 1826)

Parasmittina raigioidea Liu 2001

Parasmittina recidiva Hayward 1988

Parasmittina regularis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina rimula Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina rostriformis (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina rouvillei (Calvet 1902)

Parasmittina santacruzana Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina serrula Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina soulesi Scholz & Cusi 1993

Parasmittina spathulata (Smitt 1873)

Parasmittina subtubulata (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina talismani (Calvet 1907)

Parasmittina triangularis (Mawatari 1952)

Parasmittina trianguliforma Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina trispinosa (Johnston 1838)

Parasmittina tropica (Waters 1909)

Parasmittina trunculata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina tubula (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina tubulata Osburn 1952

Parasmittina turbula Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina uncinata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina vacuramosa Lu, Nie & Zhong in Lu 1991

Parasmittina variabilis Liu 2001

Parasmittina winstonae Liu 2001

42 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

Animalia

Bryozoa

Gymnolaemata

Cheilostomatida

Smittinidae

Parasmittina Osburn 1952

Parasmittina aotea (Brown 1952) (this page)

Parasmittina aculeata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina alanbanneri Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina alaskensis Osburn 1952

Parasmittina anderseni Cheetham & Sandberg 1964

Parasmittina areolata (Canu & Bassler 1927)

Parasmittina auris Guha & Gopikrishna 2007

Parasmittina avicularissima Gontar 1982

Parasmittina aviculifera Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina betamorphaea Winston 2005

Parasmittina bimucronata (Hincks 1884)

Parasmittina californica (Robertson 1908)

Parasmittina cautela Hayward 1988

Parasmittina cheilodon (Mac Gillivray 1869)

Parasmittina circinanata Liu 2001

Parasmittina circularis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina contraria Seo 1992

Parasmittina crosslandi (Hastings 1930)

Parasmittina delicatula (Busk 1884)

Parasmittina dentigera (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina dependeo Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina dolabrata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina dubitata Hayward 1980

Parasmittina egyptiaca (Waters 1909)

Parasmittina emersoni Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina erecta Gordon & d'Hondt 1997

Parasmittina exasperatrix d'Hondt 1986

Parasmittina exiguiuncinata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina fistulata (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina floridana Winston 2005

Parasmittina fraseri Osburn 1952

Parasmittina galerita Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina glabra Gordon & d'Hondt 1997

Parasmittina glomerata (Thornely 1912)

Parasmittina gujaratica Guha & Gopikrishna 2007

Parasmittina hanzawae Kataoka 1960

Parasmittina harudiensis Guha & Gopikrishna 2007

Parasmittina hastingsae Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina ilioensis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina inalienata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina jeffreysi (Norman 1876)

Parasmittina johni Guha & Gopikrishna 2007

Parasmittina kauaiensis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina kirkpatricki Hayward 1988

Parasmittina labellum (Canu & Bassler 1928)

Parasmittina latiavicularia (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina lavela Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina leviavicularia Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina longirostrata Liu 2001

Parasmittina macginitiei Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina macphersonae Powell 1967

Parasmittina margaritata Hayward 1988

Parasmittina marginata (Canu & Bassler 1929)

Parasmittina marsupialis (Busk 1884)

Parasmittina mauritiana Hayward 1988

Parasmittina mexicana Pouyet & Herrera-Anduaga 1986

Parasmittina munita (Hincks 1884)

Parasmittina murarmata (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina nasuta (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina nitida (Verrill 1875)

Parasmittina novella Hayward & Cook 1983

Parasmittina onychorrhyncha Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina ovilirata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina papulata Harmer 1957

Parasmittina paradicei (Livingstone 1926)

Parasmittina parsevalii (Audouin 1826)

Parasmittina parsevalioidea Liu 2001

Parasmittina parsloeparsloei Hayward & Parker 1994

Parasmittina parviuncinata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina pectinata Hayward & Parker 1994

Parasmittina pinctatae Liu 2001

Parasmittina pluriavicularis Moyano 1982

Parasmittina projecta (Okada & Mawatari 1937)

Parasmittina protecta (Thornely 1905)

Parasmittina proximoproducta Moyano 1983

Parasmittina pugetensis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina pyriformis Seo 2002

Parasmittina raigiformis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina raigioidea Liu 2001

Parasmittina recidiva Hayward 1988

Parasmittina regularis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina rimula Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina rostriformis (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina rouvillei (Calvet 1902)

Parasmittina solenosmilioides Hayward & Parker 1994

Parasmittina spathulata (Smitt 1873)

Parasmittina spiculata Gluhak, Lewis & Popijak 2007

Parasmittina spondylicola Harmelin, Bitar & Zibrowius 2009

Parasmittina subtubulata (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina talismani (Calvet 1907)

Parasmittina triangularis (Mawatari 1952)

Parasmittina trianguliforma Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina trispinosa (Johnston 1838)

Parasmittina tropica (Waters 1909)

Parasmittina trunculata Tilbrook 2006

Parasmittina tubula (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina turbula Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina uncinata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina vacuramosa Lu, Nie & Zhong 1991

Parasmittina variabilis Liu 2001

Parasmittina winstonae Liu 2001

40 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

Biota

Eukaryota

Unikonta

Opisthokonta

Holozoa

Filozoa

Apoikozoa

Animalia

Eumetazoa

Bilateria

Protostomia

Lophotrochozoa

Lophophorata

Bryozoa

Gymnolaemata

Cheilostomata

Ascophora

Smittinidae

Parasmittina

Parasmittina aotea (this page)

Parasmittina acondylata

Parasmittina aculeata

Parasmittina agathae

Parasmittina alba

Parasmittina aleutensis

Parasmittina anderseni

Parasmittina areolata

Parasmittina avicularissima

Parasmittina aviculifera

Parasmittina baccula

Parasmittina barbadensis

Parasmittina betamorphaea

Parasmittina californica

Parasmittina cautela

Parasmittina cheilodon

Parasmittina circinanata

Parasmittina circularis

Parasmittina contraria

Parasmittina crosslandi

Parasmittina cryptoavicularia

Parasmittina delicatula

Parasmittina dentigera

Parasmittina dependeo

Parasmittina dolabrata

Parasmittina dubitata

Parasmittina echinata

Parasmittina egyptiaca

Parasmittina egytiaca

Parasmittina emersoni

Parasmittina ensifera

Parasmittina erecta

Parasmittina exasperatrix

Parasmittina exiguiuncinata

Parasmittina fistulata

Parasmittina fraseri

Parasmittina galerita

Parasmittina glabra

Parasmittina hanzawae

Parasmittina hastingsae

Parasmittina hymanae

Parasmittina ilioensis

Parasmittina inalienata

Parasmittina jeffreysi

Parasmittina kauaiensis

Parasmittina kirkpatricki

Parasmittina labellum

Parasmittina latiavicularia

Parasmittina lavela

Parasmittina leviavicularia

Parasmittina macginitiei

Parasmittina macphersonae

Parasmittina margaritata

Parasmittina marginata

Parasmittina mauritiana

Parasmittina mexicana

Parasmittina munita

Parasmittina murarmata

Parasmittina nasuta

Parasmittina natalensis

Parasmittina nitida

Parasmittina novella

Parasmittina ornata

Parasmittina ovilirata

Parasmittina papulata

Parasmittina paradicei

Parasmittina parasevalii

Parasmittina parsevaliformis

Parasmittina parsevalii

Parasmittina parsevalioidea

Parasmittina parsloeparsloei

Parasmittina parvitatis

Parasmittina pectinata

Parasmittina pinctatae

Parasmittina pluriavicularis

Parasmittina projecta

Parasmittina proximoproducta

Parasmittina pugetensis

Parasmittina pyriformis

Parasmittina raigii

Parasmittina recidiva

Parasmittina rostriformis

Parasmittina rouvillei

Parasmittina santacruzana

Parasmittina serrula

Parasmittina serruloides

Parasmittina signata

Parasmittina solenosmilioides

Parasmittina soulesi

Parasmittina subtubulata

Parasmittina triangularis

Parasmittina trianguliforma

Parasmittina trispinosa

Parasmittina tropica

Parasmittina trunculata

Parasmittina tubula

Parasmittina turbula

Parasmittina uncinata

Parasmittina vacuramosa

Parasmittina variabilis

Parasmittina winstonae

34 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

Animalia

Bryozoa

Gymnolaemata

Cheilostomatida

Smittinidae

Parasmittina

Parasmittina aotea (Brown 1952) (this page)

Parasmittina abrolhosensis Ramalho, Taylor & Moraes 2018

Parasmittina acondylata Dick, Ngai & Doan 2020

Parasmittina acuta (Canu & Bassler 1929)

Parasmittina alanbanneri Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina aleutensis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina alitis Winston & Jackson 2021

Parasmittina amazonensis Ramalho & Moraes 2021

Parasmittina anderseni Cheetham & Sandberg 1964

Parasmittina avicularissima Gontar 1982

Parasmittina aviculifera (d'Hondt 1986)

Parasmittina aviculifera Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina aviculoumbonata Kataoka 1961

Parasmittina betamorphaea Winston 2005

Parasmittina cheilodon (MacGillivray 1869)

Parasmittina chikagawaensis Hayami 1975

Parasmittina circularis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina collum (Canu & Bassler 1920)

Parasmittina contraria Seo 1992

Parasmittina crosslandi (Hastings 1930)

Parasmittina cryptoavicularia Baradari, Nasrolahi & Taylor 2019

Parasmittina cyclops Winston & Jackson 2021

Parasmittina delicatula (Busk 1884)

Parasmittina dentigera (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina distincta Ramalho, Taylor. & Moraes 2018

Parasmittina dolabrata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina dubitata Hayward 1980

Parasmittina eccentrica Winston & Jackson 2021

Parasmittina echinata Canu & Bassler 1928

Parasmittina egyptiaca (Waters 1909)

Parasmittina emersoni Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina erecta Gordon & d'Hondt 1997

Parasmittina exasperatrix d'Hondt 1986

Parasmittina fistulata (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina floridana Winston 2005

Parasmittina galerita Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina geometrica (Kirkpatrick 1890)

Parasmittina glabra Gordon & d'Hondt 1997

Parasmittina glomerata (Thornely 1912)

Parasmittina hastingsae Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina ilioensis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina indigenella Winston & Jackson 2021

Parasmittina japonica (Ortmann 1890)

Parasmittina jeffreysi (Norman 1876)

Parasmittina kauaiensis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina labellum (Canu & Bassler 1928)

Parasmittina latiavicularia (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina lavela Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina leviavicularia Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina loxa (Marcus 1937)

Parasmittina luteoserrula Winston & Jackson 2021

Parasmittina macginitiei Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina macphersonae Powell 1967

Parasmittina margaritata Hayward 1988

Parasmittina marsupialis (Busk 1884)

Parasmittina masudai Hayami 1975

Parasmittina mauritiana Hayward 1988

Parasmittina mexicana Pouyet & Herrera-Anduaga 1986

Parasmittina munita (Hincks 1884)

Parasmittina murarmata (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina nasuta (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina nitida (Verrill 1875)

Parasmittina novella Hayward & Cook 1983

Parasmittina okadai Hayami 1975

Parasmittina onychorrhyncha Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina ornata (Thornely 1912)

Parasmittina papulata Harmer 1957

Parasmittina paradicei (Livingstone 1926)

Parasmittina parsevaliformis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina parsevalii (Audouin 1826)

Parasmittina parsloeparsloei Hayward & Parker 1994

Parasmittina parviuncinata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina pectinata Hayward & Parker 1994

Parasmittina peristoaviculata Kataoka 1961

Parasmittina plana Kataoka 1961

Parasmittina protecta (Thornely 1905)

Parasmittina proximoproducta Moyano 1983

Parasmittina pugetensis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina pyriformis Seo 2002

Parasmittina raigiformis Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina raigii (Audouin 1826)

Parasmittina recidiva Hayward 1988

Parasmittina regularis Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina rostriformis (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina rouvillei (Calvet 1902)

Parasmittina saccoi (Canu 1913)

Parasmittina santacruzana Soule & Soule 2002

Parasmittina serrula Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina shibikawaensis Hayami 1975

Parasmittina solenosmilioides Hayward & Parker 1994

Parasmittina spathulata (Smitt 1873)

Parasmittina subtubulata (Harmer 1957)

Parasmittina telum (Canu & Bassler 1920)

Parasmittina trispinosa (Johnston 1838)

Parasmittina trispinosa aomoriensis Kataoka 1957

Parasmittina tropica (Waters 1909)

Parasmittina tubula (Kirkpatrick 1888)

Parasmittina tubulata Osburn 1952

Parasmittina turbula Ryland & Hayward 1992

Parasmittina uncinata Soule & Soule 1973

Parasmittina veniliae Winston & Jackson 2021

50 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

Parasmittina aotea (Brown 1952)

Scientific Names

Preferred Names

Common Names

Curated hierarchies for Parasmittina aotea (Brown 1952)

EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024

Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.3

EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1

EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.4

GBIF classification

wikidata_hierarchy tar gz

World Register of Marine Species