Bald Spikerush

Eleocharis erythropoda is extremely variable. Intermediates with E. palustris variant b are common in the region of sympatry in the East, and with E. macrostachya variant b in the West, and E. erythropoda is sometimes difficult to distinguish from E. uniglumis.

Eleocharis calva Torrey is an invalid name.

Plants perennial, mat-forming; rhizomes evident, long, 0.5–1.5 mm thick, soft to firm, cortex often breaking loose, longer internodes 5–30 mm, scales often fugaceous, 4–8 mm, membranous, not fibrous. Culms terete, often with 8–12 blunt ridges when dry, 8–80 cm × 0.3–1.4 mm, firm to soft, internally spongy. Leaves: distal leaf sheaths persistent, not splitting, proximally red (to stramineous), distally green to stramineous, usually inflated, often callose, membranous to papery, apex often red-brown, broadly obtuse to subacute, tooth sometimes present, to 0.1 mm. Spikelets ovoid to lanceoloid or nearly cylindric, 3–18 × 2–3(–4) mm, apex acute (to obtuse); proximal scale amplexicaulous, entire; subproximal scale with flower; floral scales often spreading in fruit, 15–50, 4–5 per mm of rachilla, medium brown to sometimes red-brown, midrib regions mostly stramineous to green, in proximal part of spikelet ovate, apex rounded, in distal part lanceolate, apex entire, acute, 2–3.5 × 1.5–1.7 mm, mostly carinate. Flowers: perianth bristles 4 or absent, light brown to stramineous, stout, usually equal, equaling achene to slightly exceeding tubercle; stamens 3; anthers dark yellow to stramineous, 1–1.8 mm, apiculate; styles 2-fid. Achenes not persistent, dark yellow, stramineous, or dark brown, obovoid to obpyriform, biconvex, angles obscure, 0.9–1.6 × 0.7–1.2 mm, apex rounded, neck absent to long, smooth at 30X, or sometimes finely rugulose at 10–30X with 20 or more horizontal ridges in a vertical series. Tubercles brown to whitish, pyramidal, much higher than wide to, lower than wide, 0.35–0.65 × 0.2–0.6 mm. 2n = 16, 18, 19, 20.

Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., N.W.T., Ont., Que., Sask.; Alaska, Ariz., Ark., Colo., Conn., Del., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Maine, Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Mont., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo.

Fruiting summer.

Non-calcareous or calcareous fresh or brackish shores, marshes, meadows, fens, disturbed places; 0–2300m.

Scirpus glaucus Torrey

Eleocharis erythropoda Steud. Syn. Cyp. 76. 1855
Scirpus glaucus Torr. Fl. U. S. 44. 1824. Not S. glaucus Lam. 1791, nor Eleocharis glaitca
Bock. 1871. Eleocharis calva Torr. Fl. N. Y. 2 : 346. 1843. A "provisional species." Eleocharis palustris var. 2 calva A. Gray, Man. 522. 1848. Trichophyllum palnstre var. calviim House, Am. Midi. Nat. 6 : 205. 1920.
Loosely stoloniferous with capillary or slender rhizomes and stolons ; culms usually nearly filiform, rarely 0.5-1.5 mm. wide, subterete ; sheaths red or castaneous, very close, the apex frequently darkened and almost truncate; spikelets lanceolate, 1.0-1.7 cm. long, 30-40-flowered, with the appressed basal scale completely encircling the culm; fertile scales brown; anthers 1.3-1.7 mm. long; achenes obovate, dark brown when mature, averaging 1.7 mm. long (including the short, conic tubercle) and 1.0 mm. wide; bristles variable.
Type locality: Ohio (Frank).
Distribution : Margins of lakes and streams, chiefly in calcareous regions : Cape Breton and Quebec to Hudson Bay and Manitoba, south to Virginia, Tennessee, Illinois, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Nebraska.