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Diseases and Parasites

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Anisakis Disease (juvenile). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
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Allan Palacio
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Diseases and Parasites

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Heterophyopsis Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
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Allan Palacio
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Diseases and Parasites

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Camallanus Infection 3. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
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Allan Palacio
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Life Cycle

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Eggs are guarded and fanned by the male parent (Ref. 205).
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Susan M. Luna
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Migration

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Amphidromous. Refers to fishes that regularly migrate between freshwater and the sea (in both directions), but not for the purpose of breeding, as in anadromous and catadromous species. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.Characteristic elements in amphidromy are: reproduction in fresh water, passage to sea by newly hatched larvae, a period of feeding and growing at sea usually a few months long, return to fresh water of well-grown juveniles, a further period of feeding and growing in fresh water, followed by reproduction there (Ref. 82692).
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Pascualita Sa-a
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Morphology

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Dorsal spines (total): 11 - 12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9 - 11; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8 - 9
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Christine Marie V. Casal
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Trophic Strategy

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Frequent in marine coastal waters, brackish and freshwater habitats (Ref. 91637). Enters brackish estuaries (Refs. 3132, 127989) and mangrove areas (Ref. 7300). Occurs irregularly in the intertidal zone (Ref. 115963). Feeds on fishes and invertebrates (Refs. 7300, 127989). Omnivorous (Ref. 75154).
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Drina Sta. Iglesia
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Biology

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Adults inhabit coastal waters, entering brackish estuaries (Ref. 3132) and mangrove areas (Ref. 7300). Also in fresh waters (Ref. 30573). Feed on fishes and invertebrates. Eggs are guarded and fanned by the male parent (Ref. 205).
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Importance

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fisheries: minor commercial; price category: unknown; price reliability:
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Pascualita Sa-a
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Terapon puta

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Terapon puta, the spiny-checked grunter, three-lined grunter, small-scaled banded grunter, small-scaled terapon, squeaking perch or two-lined grunter, is a species of fish from the Indo-Pacific region, it is a member of the grunter family, Terapontidae. It has also spread into the eastern Mediterranean Sea from the Red Sea through the Suez Canal, a process known as Lessepsian migration.

Description

Terapon puta has an elongated and slightly compressed body. The dorsal fin is continuous, although there is a distinct notch between spiny forward part and soft rayed rear part. The spiny portion is strongly arched and the membrane between the spines is slightly incised. The penultimate dorsal spine is much shorter than last spine. The caudal fin truncated. It has a terminal mouth in which the jaws extend back to line up with the posterior nostril. It has two rows of teeth in the jaws, the outer row consisting of strong conical teeth and the inner row made up of villiform (brush-like) teeth which are arranged in bands. There are no teeth on the vomer or palatine. The preoperculum is serrated and there are two spines on the operculum which are level with the eye, the lower spine is the longer and extends as far or beyond opercular margin.[3]

Terapon puta Ford 18

Terapon puta is silvery-grey with four longitudinal, parallel stripes which extend from the head to the caudal fin, upper three stripes are black, the lowermost stripe is paler and varies from yellowish to brown. There is a large black spot on the upper part of front part dorsal fin.[3] Grows to 15 cm standard length, but more usually 5–12 cm.[4]

Distribution

Terapon puta has an Indo-Pacific distribution from the Red Sea south to Zanzibar and through entire Indian Ocean to the Philippines and northern Australia[4] It was first recorded in the Mediterranean in the Bardawil Lagoon in the north of the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt in 1976 and in it 1977 it was recorded off Libya and off Alexandria in 1994. It is now prevalent in the south-eastern Mediterranean.[3]

Biology

Adult Terapon puta inhabit coastal waters and enter brackish estuaries and areas of mangrove, and will even enter freshwater.[5] It feeds on fish and invertebrates. They spawn in the summer[3] and the male guards the eggs and fans water over them to ensure a good supply of oxygen.[5]

References

  1. ^ Kaymaram, F.; Al-Husaini, M.; Almukhtar, M.; Hartmann, S.; Alam, S. & Alghawzi, Q. (2015). "Terapon puta Persian Gulf". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T54007477A57280848. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  2. ^ "Synonyms of Terapon puta Cuvier, 1829". Fishbase. Retrieved 21 January 2017.
  3. ^ a b c d Atlas of Exotic Fishes in the Mediterranean Sea (Terapon puta). 2nd Edition. 2021. 366p. CIESM Publishers, Paris, Monaco.https://ciesm.org/atlas/fishes_2nd_edition/Terapon_puta.pdf
  4. ^ a b "Spiny-cheeked grunter (Therapon puta)". Marine Species Identofication Portal: Fishes of the NE Atlantic and the Mediterranean. ETI BioInformatics. Retrieved 21 January 2017.
  5. ^ a b Pascualita Sa-a; Susan M. Luna. R. Froese; D. Pauly (eds.). "Terapon puta Cuvier, 1829". Fishbase. Fishbase.org. Retrieved 21 January 2017.
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Terapon puta: Brief Summary

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Terapon puta, the spiny-checked grunter, three-lined grunter, small-scaled banded grunter, small-scaled terapon, squeaking perch or two-lined grunter, is a species of fish from the Indo-Pacific region, it is a member of the grunter family, Terapontidae. It has also spread into the eastern Mediterranean Sea from the Red Sea through the Suez Canal, a process known as Lessepsian migration.

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Description

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Inhabits coastal waters, entering brackish estuaries (Ref. 3132) and mangrove areas (Ref. 7300). Omnivore; feeds on fishes and invertebrates.

Reference

Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2023). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (02/2023).

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