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Royal Threadfin

Pentanemus quinquarius (Linnaeus 1758)

Diagnostic Description

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Diagnosis: detached pectoral filaments very long, exceeding body length; base of anal fin much longer than base of 2nd dorsal fin; body moderately elongate and compressed, its height comprised 3.0-3.4 in standard length; snout very short, blunt and prominent; mouth inferior; maxillary bone strongly widened at its end, reaching largely past eye; 2 widely separated dorsal fins, 1st with 8 flexible spines, 2nd with 1 spine and 14-18 soft rays; anal fin base much longer than 2nd dorsal fin base; pectoral fin inserted very low on body; threadlike filaments, 5 in number, 4 of them longer than total length of fish; scales ctenoid; head scaly (Ref. 57402).Coloration: body uniformly silvery, greyish on back, shading to whitish ventrally; fins tinged with yellow (Ref. 57402).
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Recorder
Rodolfo B. Reyes
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Morphology

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Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14 - 18; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 28 - 30
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Trophic Strategy

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Occurs over sandy (Ref. 2683) and muddy bottoms in shallow waters, frequently in brackish habitats. Feeds on fish and shrimps (Ref. 28587).
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Pascualita Sa-a
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Biology

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Occurs over sandy (Ref. 2683) and muddy bottoms in shallow waters (Ref. 57343), frequently in brackish waters (Ref. 57343, 57402) and estuaries (Ref. 57402). Carnivorous (Ref. 57402), feeds on fish and shrimps (Ref. 28587).
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Susan M. Luna
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Importance

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fisheries: highly commercial; price category: high; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species
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Pentanemus quinquarius ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Pentanemus quinquarius és una espècie de peix pertanyent a la família dels polinèmids i l'única del gènere Pentanemus.[5] És present a l'Oceà Atlàntic oriental: des del Senegal[6] fins a Angola.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] És un peix d'aigua marina i salabrosa, demersal i de clima tropical (17°N-18°S, 18°W-14°E)[28] que viu entre 10 i 70 m de fondària[29] sobre fons sorrencs[24] i fangosos.[30] Pot arribar a fer 35 cm de llargària màxima[31] (normalment, en fa 25).[32][30] Menja peixos i gambes.[33] És inofensiu per als humans.[30]

Referències

  1. Günther, A., 1860. Catalogue of the acanthopterygian fishes in the collection of the British Museum. 2. Squamipinnes, Cirrhitidae, Triglidae, Trachinidae, Sciaenidae, Polynemidae, Sphyraenidae, Trichiuridae, Scombridae, Carangidae, Xiphiidae. British Mus., London. Cat. Fishes v. 2: i-xxi + 1-548.
  2. uBio (anglès)
  3. Linnaeus, C., 1758. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. - pp. (1-4), 1-824. Holmiæ. (Salvius). [1]
  4. Catalogue of Life (anglès)
  5. The Taxonomicon (anglès)
  6. Diaw, A.A., 1976. Un vocabulaire Wolof de la faune au Senegal. Les Langues Nationales au Senegal núm. 67. Centre de Linguistique Appliquee de Dakar.
  7. Bianchi, G., 1986. Fichas FAO de identifacao de espécies para propósitos comerciais. Guia de campo para as espécies comerciais marinhas e de águas salobras de Angola. Preparado com o apoio da NORAD e da FAO (FIRM) Programa Regular, FAO, Roma. 184 p.
  8. FishBase (anglès)
  9. Albaret, J.-J., M. Simier, F.S. Darboe, J-M. Ecoutin, J. Raffray i L.T. de Morais, 2004. Fish diversity and distribution in the Gambia Estuary, West Africa, in relation to environmental variables. Aquat. Living Resour. 17:35-46.
  10. Bellemans, M., A. Sagna, W. Fischer i N. Scialabba, 1988. Fiches FAO d'identification des espèces pour les besoins de la pêche. Guide des ressources halieutiques du Sénégal et la Gambie (Espèces marines et d'eaux saumâtres). FAO, Roma.
  11. Daget, J., 1992. Polynemidae. P. 792-795. A: C. Levêque, D. Paugy i G.G. Teugels (eds.). Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Vol. 2. Faune Tropicale núm. 28. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale. Tervuren, Bèlgica.
  12. Delgado de Molina, A. i J.C. Santana, 1985. Estudio de los recursos demersales de la plataforma continental de la República de Gabón. Inf. Téc. Inst. Esp. Oceanogr. (31):110 p.
  13. Fiogbe, E.D., 2003. Morphometric relationships of commercially important fish species from Benin. P. 25-30. A: M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily i D. Pauly (eds.). Fish biodiversity: local studies as basis for global inferences. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 14, 281p.
  14. Kamara, A.B., 1977. A list of the estuarine and marine fishes and some shellfishes of Sierra Leone, with their common names in either Krio or English. p. 47-56. A: W. Okera (compl.) Bulletin of the Institute of Marine Biology and Oceanography. Vol. 2. Núm. 1. Fourah Bay College, University of Sierra Leone, Sierra Leone.
  15. Le Loeuff, P. i A. Intes, 1973. Note sur le regime alimentaire de quelques poissons demersaux de Côte d'Ivoire. Doc. Scient. Centre Rech. Océanogr. Abidjan 4(2):17-44.
  16. Lesnoff, M. i A. Damiano, 1993. Guide de reconnaissance des principales espèces d'intérêt commercial de la ZEE guinéenne. Doc. Hors Sér. Cent. Nat. Sci. Halieut. Boussoua, non. pag. Bulletin Statistique des Pêches Núm. 3.
  17. Longhurst, A.R., 1960. A summary survey of the food of west African demersal fish. Bull. Inst. Fondam. Afr. Noire, Ser. A, Sci. Nar. 22(1):276-282.
  18. Longhurst, A.R., 1963. The bionomics of the fisheries resources of the eastern tropical Atlantic. Fish. Publ. Colon. Off., Lond., 20:66 p.
  19. Longhurst, A.R., 1965. The biology of West-African polynemid fishes. J. Cons. Perm. Int. Explor. Mer. 30(1):58-74.
  20. Ofori-adu, D.W., 1988. List of fishes, shellfishes and other marine food resources in the Ghanaian coastal waters. Mar. Fish. Res. Tech. Pap. Núm. 1. 43 p.
  21. Pandaré, D., S. Niang, H. Diadhiou i B. Capdeville, 1997. Ichtyofauna of Casamance: reproduction and distribution according to the salinity gradient. Bull. Inst. Fondam. Afr. Noire (A. Sci. Nat) 49(1):167-190.
  22. Reiner, F., 1996. Catálogo dos peixes do Arquipélago de Cabo Verde. Publicações avulsas do IPIMAR Núm. 2. 339 p.
  23. Sanches, J.G., 1991. Catálogo dos principais peixes marinhos da República de Guiné-Bissau. Publicações avulsas do I.N.I.P. Núm. 16. 429 p.
  24. 24,0 24,1 Schneider, W., 1990. FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine resources of the Gulf of Guinea. Prepared and published with the support of the FAO Regional Office for Africa. FAO, Roma. 268 p.
  25. Titiati, E.K., 1970. Some common names of fresh-water fishes of Ghana in Latin, English, Ewe and Ga-adangbe. Manuscript Fisheries Dept., Volta Lake Research Project, 5 p.
  26. Vivien, J., 1991. Faune du Cameroun. Guide des mammifères et des poissons. GICAM. 271 p.
  27. Zuev, G.V. i A.R. Boltachev, 2000. Demersal fish communities on the Guinea Shelf (West Africa). J. Ichthyol. 40(4):312-319.
  28. Motomura, H., 2004. Threadfins of the world (Family Polynemidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of polynemid species known to date. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. Núm. 3. Roma, FAO, 117 p.
  29. Njock, J.C., 1990. Polynemidae. P. 865-867. A: J. C. Quéro, J. C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post i L. Saldanha (eds.). Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisboa; SEI, París i UNESCO, París. Vol. 2.
  30. 30,0 30,1 30,2 FishBase (anglès)
  31. Daget, J. i J.C. Njock, 1986. Polynemidae. P. 352-354. A: J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse i D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.). Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussel·les; MRAC, Tervuren i ORSTOM, París. Vol. 2.
  32. Allen, G.R., 1981. Polynemidae. A: W. Fischer, G. Bianchi i W.B. Scott (eds.). FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Central Atlantic; Fishing Areas 34, 47 (in part). Vol. 3. FAO, Roma.
  33. Diouf, P.S., 1996. Les peuplements de poissons des milieux estuariens de l'Afrique de l'Ouest: L'exemple de l'estuaire hyperhalin du Sine-Saloum. Université de Montpellier II. Thèses et Documents Microfiches Núm .156. ORSTOM, París. 267 p.

Bibliografia

  • Anònim, 1997. Registres de peixos de la base de dades del Museu de la Secció de Vertebrats del Museu Reial de l'Àfrica Central. MRAC, Tervuren, Flandes, Bèlgica.
  • Anònim, 2000. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, Sud-àfrica. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, Sud-àfrica.
  • Anònim, 2001. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution - Division of Fishes.
  • Kotlyar, A.N., 1984. Dictionary of names of marine fishes on the six languages. All Union Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscou. 288 p.
  • López-Abellán, L.J. i E. de Cárdenas, 1990. Resultados de la campaña de prospección pesquera de los stocks de crustáceos en aguas de la República de Angola 'Angola 8903'. Madrid: Inf. Téc. Inst. Esp. Oceanogr. Núm. 89. 140 p.
  • Motomura, H., 2004. Family Polynemidae (Rafinesque, 1815) threadfins. Calif. Acad. Sci. Annotated Checklists of Fishes (32):18.
  • Museu Suec d'Història Natural. Base de dades de la col·lecció d'ictiologia. Secció d'Ictiologia, Departament de Zoologia de Vertebrats. Estocolm, Suècia, 1999.
  • Pauly, D., 1978. A preliminary compilation of fish length growth parameters. Ber. Inst. Meereskd. Christian-Albrechts-Univ. Kiel (55):1-200.
  • Sanches, J.G., 1989. Nomenclatura Portuguesa de organismos aquáticos (proposta para normalizaçao estatística). Publicaçoes avulsas do I.N.I.P. Núm. 14. 322 p.
  • Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao i C.F. Lai (eds.), 1999. Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan.

Enllaços externs

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Pentanemus quinquarius: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Pentanemus quinquarius és una espècie de peix pertanyent a la família dels polinèmids i l'única del gènere Pentanemus. És present a l'Oceà Atlàntic oriental: des del Senegal fins a Angola. És un peix d'aigua marina i salabrosa, demersal i de clima tropical (17°N-18°S, 18°W-14°E) que viu entre 10 i 70 m de fondària sobre fons sorrencs i fangosos. Pot arribar a fer 35 cm de llargària màxima (normalment, en fa 25). Menja peixos i gambes. És inofensiu per als humans.

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Ndiané ( Wolof )

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Ndiané : Pentanemus quinquarius (dundat yi)

Lëkkalekaay yu biti

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Ndiané: Brief Summary ( Wolof )

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Ndiané : Pentanemus quinquarius (dundat yi)

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Royal threadfin

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The royal threadfin (Pentanemus quinquarius) is a species of ray-finned fish, a threadfin from the family Polynemidae, the threadfins. It is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean along the western coast of Africa.

Description

The royal threadfin is a medium-sized threadfin species reaching a maximum total length of 35 centimetres (14 in), although a more normal length is 25 centimetres (9.8 in).[2] It has two separate dorsal fins, the first dorsal fin has 8 spines and the second dorsal fin has a single spine and 14 or 15 soft rays. The anal fin contains 3 spines and 24 to 30 soft rays, with a base which is longer than that of the second dorsal-fin. The pectoral fin has 14 to 16 unbranched rays and is 30% to 42% of the fish's standard length with its tip extending to or just short of the centre of the base of the anal fin. The pectoral fin is situated far below the midline of body. There are 5 pectoral filaments, the first being the shortest and this filament just reaches to or extends beyond the start of the anal fin. The remaining pectoral filaments reach well past the ends of lobes of the caudal fins with the third filament being the longest being 2.5-3 times the standard length. The caudal fin is deeply forked and the lobes are not fialmented, the length of the upper lobe is 36% to 46% of the standard length and lower lobe is 38 %to 47% of the standard length. There are 68-76 pored scales in the simple lateral line which extends from upper end of gill opening to the middle of the caudal fin fork. The upper sides of its head and body tinged with gold, this changes to silver on the lower flanks. The margins of both dorsal fins and the caudal fins are black, the rest of these fins are blackish while pelvic and anal fins are white. The pectoral fin is yellow with melanophores. The base of pectoral filaments is white, darkening towards their tips.[3]

Distribution

The royal threadfin is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean where it occurs along the western coast of Africa from Senegal to Angola.[3] It has been recorded from Cape Verde and Mauritania.[2] A record from Cuba of a half grown fish from the mid-nineteenth century remains the only record from the western Atlantic Ocean.[3]

Habitat and biology

The royal threadfin occurs over muddy substrates in shallow coastal waters between 10 and 70 metres (33 and 230 ft) in depth. It is also often recorded in estuaries and lagoons. It is a carnivorous fish and its diet consists of crustaceans and small fish. Spawning takes place off Lagos throughout the year but peaks in the dry season and nearly stops altogether during the rainy season. Unlike other threadfins this species has a small proportion of the population which are hermaphroditic. It is also relatively short lived and few fish survive beyond 2 years of age.[3]

Fisheries

The royal threadfin is mainly taken as by-catch off Lagos by shrimp beam trawlers, but it is still commercially important. Most of the fish caught are subadults and this pattern is likely replicated throughout West Africa where it is one of the most important commercial species in this region> It is caught using trawls, but also by gillnet and beach seine. In Senegal, it is regarded as less valuable due to its smaller size and lower abundance than the lesser African threadfin.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b Carpenter, K.E.; Camara, K.D.; Djiman, R.; et al. (2015). "Pentanemus quinquarius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T21132344A42691844. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T21132344A42691844.en. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
  2. ^ a b c Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2019). "Pentanemus quinquarus" in FishBase. December 2019 version.
  3. ^ a b c d Hiroyuki Motomura & Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2004). Threadfins of the World (family Polynemidae): An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Polynemid Species Known to Date (PDF). FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. Vol. 3. Food & Agriculture Org.
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Royal threadfin: Brief Summary

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The royal threadfin (Pentanemus quinquarius) is a species of ray-finned fish, a threadfin from the family Polynemidae, the threadfins. It is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean along the western coast of Africa.

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Pentanemus quinquarius ( Basque )

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Pentanemus quinquarius Pentanemus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Polynemidae familian sailkatzen da.

Banaketa

Erreferentziak

  1. Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Pentanemus quinquarius FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

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Pentanemus quinquarius: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Pentanemus quinquarius Pentanemus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Polynemidae familian sailkatzen da.

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Koningskapiteinvis ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Vissen

De koningskapiteinvis (Pentanemus quinquarius) is een straalvinnige vis uit de familie van draadvinnigen (Polynemidae), orde van baarsachtigen (Perciformes). Het geslacht Pentanemus is monotypisch.

Beschrijving

De vis kan een lengte bereiken van 35 centimeter.

Leefomgeving

De koningskapiteinvis komt in zout- en brakwater voor. De vis prefereert een tropisch klimaat en leeft hoofdzakelijk in de Atlantische Oceaan. De diepteverspreiding is 10 tot 70 meter onder het wateroppervlak.

Relatie tot de mens

De koningskapiteinvis is voor de visserij van aanzienlijk commercieel belang. In de hengelsport wordt er weinig op de vis gejaagd.

Externe link

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  • Froese, R., D. Pauly. en redactie. 2005. FishBase. Elektronische publicatie. www.fishbase.org, versie 06/2005.
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Koningskapiteinvis: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De koningskapiteinvis (Pentanemus quinquarius) is een straalvinnige vis uit de familie van draadvinnigen (Polynemidae), orde van baarsachtigen (Perciformes). Het geslacht Pentanemus is monotypisch.

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