Labroides phthirophagus és una espècie de peix de la família dels làbrids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.
Els mascles poden assolir els 12 cm de longitud total.[2]
Labroides phthirophagus és una espècie de peix de la família dels làbrids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.
The Hawaiian cleaner wrasse or golden cleaner wrasse (Labroides phthirophagus), is a species of wrasse (genus Labroides) found in the waters surrounding the Hawaiian Islands. The fish is endemic to Hawaii. These cleaner fish inhabit coral reefs, setting up a territory referred to as a cleaning station. They obtain a diet of small crustacean parasites by removing them from other reef fish in a cleaning symbiosis.[3]
The Hawaiian cleaner wrasse grows to a maximum length of about 12 cm (5 in).[4] This fish is strikingly coloured; the anterior part is golden, with a dark lateral stripe running from the eye to the tail, becoming wider at the back. The posterior part of the fish has purple and violet colouration on the fins.[5]
This fish is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands and nearby Johnston Atoll. It is typically found on coral and rocky reefs, but avoids the surge zone. It is found at depths down to about 90 m (300 ft).[1]
The Hawaiian cleaner wrasse moves with a graceful flitting movement. At night it may rest in a balloon-like cocoon it builds from mucus. The species is monogamous, with a pair bond being formed during the breeding season.[4] It is an obligate feeder on the ectoparasites of other fish to the extent that it will fail to thrive in an aquarium where these feeding needs are not met.[1]
The behaviour of this fish is very similar to that of the closely related bluestreak cleaner wrasse (Labroides dimidiatus), widely found in the rest of Indo-Pacific region. Both species operate cleaning stations where larger fish (clients) visit and cooperate in the removal by the cleaner fish of their ectoparasites, loose flakes of skin and mucus. The arrangement is mutually beneficial, with the client fish having its parasites removed and the wrasse gaining protection and finding an easy meal. The process is not without danger for the cleaner fish as many of the client fish are piscivores, but observations in the wild show an apparent absence of "cheating" by the client fish, which seem to appreciate the tactile stimulation provided by the cleaner fish moving around their skin and fins.[6]
It seems that cleaner fish build up a relationship with their clients and there is some communication between them. When the client arrives at a cleaning station, it observes what the cleaner fish is doing, if it already has a client, of the cleaner's previous client "jolts" (twitches in response to a cleaner "cheating" by taking a bite of the client's scales or mucus[7]), in which case the prospective client may depart. If happy with what it sees, the client adopts a certain species-specific pose which invites the cleaner fish to set to work on it.[6]
This fish has a restricted range in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands but is relatively common there. Much of its range is within the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument, a well-managed marine protected area. No specific threats to this fish have been identified although degradation of its coral reef habitat is likely to have some impact on it. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern.[1]
This fish is sometimes taken out of the wild for aquarium trade around the world. It can be found on many aquatic fish websites.
The Hawaiian cleaner wrasse or golden cleaner wrasse (Labroides phthirophagus), is a species of wrasse (genus Labroides) found in the waters surrounding the Hawaiian Islands. The fish is endemic to Hawaii. These cleaner fish inhabit coral reefs, setting up a territory referred to as a cleaning station. They obtain a diet of small crustacean parasites by removing them from other reef fish in a cleaning symbiosis.
Labroides phthirophagus es una especie de peces de la familia Labridae en el orden de los Perciformes.
Los machos pueden llegar alcanzar los 12 cm de longitud total.[1]
Se encuentran en las Islas Hawái.
Labroides phthirophagus es una especie de peces de la familia Labridae en el orden de los Perciformes.
Labroides phthirophagus Labroides generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Labridae familian sailkatzen da.
Le Labre nettoyeur à queue rouge (Labroides phthirophagus) est une espèce de poissons de la famille des Labridés.
Labroides phthirophagus Randall, 1958 è un piccolo pesce di acqua salata appartenente alla famiglia Labridae[2].
Proviene dalle barriere coralline dell'oceano Pacifico dell'est e centrale. Non ha un areale particolarmente ampio, ed è stato trovato soprattutto alle Hawaii e nell'Atollo Johnston. Si trova in tutte le zone della barriera, ma di solito non molto in superficie[3].
Presenta un corpo sottile, compresso lateralmente e con il muso allungato e appuntito. La livrea non varia molto durante la vita del pesce, ma è decisamente sgargiante. Il corpo è attraversato da un'ampia fascia nera orizzontale che parte dalle bocca, attraversa l'occhio e termina alla fine della pinna caudale. La parte anteriore del corpo, dove non coperta dalla striscia nera, è giallastra, mentre quella posteriore blu-violacea. Tutte le pinne, eccetto la pinna caudale, sono trasparenti. Non supera i 12 cm[3].
Questo pesce ha le abitudini tipiche di un "pulitore obbligato", cioè la sua fonte di nutrimento principale sono gli parassiti esterni di altri pesci. Ha un modo di nuotare che lo rende facilmente riconoscibile, infatti viene paragonato a una danza[1]. Di notte, per proteggersi da eventuali predatori, si racchiude in un bozzolo di muco[3].
La sua dieta è composta quasi unicamente dai crostacei parassiti, soprattutto isopodi, che trova sulla pelle ed a volte persino nelle branchie di pesci più grossi[1]. Si nutre anche del muco secreto dalla pelle di questi ultimi[4].
È oviparo, la fecondazione è esterna e non ci sono cure verso le uova, che vengono disperse nell'acqua[5]. Basandosi sulle abitudini molto simili del congenere Labroides dimidiatus, si suppone che questa specie sia ermafrodita, ma questo fatto non è ancora stato accertato a causa della mancanza di dati precisi[1].
Questa specie viene classificata come "a rischio minimo" (LC) dalla lista rossa IUCN perché a parte la saltuaria esportazione per l'acquariofilia non è minacciata da particolari pericoli.
Labroides phthirophagus Randall, 1958 è un piccolo pesce di acqua salata appartenente alla famiglia Labridae.
Labroides phthirophagus is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van lipvissen (Labridae).[2] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1958 door Randall.
De soort staat op de Rode Lijst van de IUCN als niet bedreigd, beoordelingsjaar 2009.[1]
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
寬縱帶裂唇魚，為輻鰭魚綱鱸形目隆頭魚亞目隆頭魚科的其中一種。
水深0至90公尺。
本魚幼魚色彩鮮艷，前半部為黃色，魚體中央有黑色線條自吻部向尾鰭中心變寬延伸而去。背鰭和臀鰭為藍色，尾鰭上下邊緣為桃紅色，成魚則失去這些艷麗的色彩，體長可達12公分。
本魚棲息在珊瑚礁區，幼魚常成群在珊瑚上層水域活動，成魚則在礁區四處游動。會從其他魚身上啄食寄生蟲、甲殼類，故有「魚醫生」的稱號。行一夫一妻制，性情溫和。
體色艷麗，可做為觀賞魚。
