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In 1984-85, the reef triggerfish was voted the official State Fish of Hawaii, as it is historical for the state, and is one of the most abundant and widely recognized Hawaiian fishes. The official term of office lasted for five years, and upon its culmination there was no re-election campaign. Though the reef triggerfish was not re-elected into office, it remains the unofficial State Fish of Hawaii. Hawaiians have given the reef triggerfish the common name of Humu-humu-nuku-nuku-apu'a (Waikiki Aquarium Education Department 1999). Also widely known as the Picasso triggerfish, the reef triggerfish shares its scientific name with its less common relative, the lagoon triggerfish (Michael 1998).

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Schaffer, K. 2000. "Rhinecanthus aculeatus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Rhinecanthus_aculeatus.html
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Karla Schaffer, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
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Behavior

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Perception Channels: tactile ; chemical

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Schaffer, K. 2000. "Rhinecanthus aculeatus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Rhinecanthus_aculeatus.html
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Morphology

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A reef triggerfish is easily distinguished by its angular body, distinctive color pattern (resembling blocks of colors), fin arrangement, and characteristic dorsal spine. This forward spine on the dorsal fin lies slightly above and behind the eye. It is very strong and rigid, serving as defense adaptation. When this spine is raised, it often locks in this protective position, giving the triggerfish its name. Altogether, there are three dorsal spines, twenty-three to twenty-six dorsal softrays, twenty-one to twenty-three anal softrays, and no anal spines (Michael 1998). Considered to be sturdy and well-built, the reef triggerfish reaches a maximum length of thirty centimeters (Tinker 1982). It has a small but powerful jaw, equipped with sharp, cutting teeth. The eyes of a reef triggerfish are set atop the head, moving independently, so as to scan the reef for possible predators and prey (Hoover 1993).

Other Physical Features: bilateral symmetry

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Schaffer, K. 2000. "Rhinecanthus aculeatus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Rhinecanthus_aculeatus.html
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Karla Schaffer, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
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Habitat

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The reef triggerfish is generally found in shallow outer reef habitats. Swimming along the bottom in search of food items, it is found on surge-swept basalt reefs. The reef triggerfish is commonly found in subtidal reef flats and protected lagoons (Hoover 1993). This marine fish usually occupies water with salinity levels ranging from 1.020 to 1.023, and water temperatures from seventy-seven to eighty degrees Fahrenheit (Tinker 1982).

Aquatic Biomes: reef ; coastal

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Schaffer, K. 2000. "Rhinecanthus aculeatus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Rhinecanthus_aculeatus.html
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Distribution

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Considered to live in the Indo-Pacific region, reef triggerfish transverse a wide variety of marine areas from thirty degrees north to south in latitude (Michael 1998). Reef triggerfish extend from the Hawaiian islands southward to Polynesia and Australia, westward through Micronesia and Melanesia, through the East Indies including the Philippines, across the Indian Ocean, to the coast of Africa and the Red Sea. More specifically, reef triggerfish occupy the Red Sea south to South Africa, east to the Hawaiian, Marquesas, and Tuamotu Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe Island, Micronesia, and the Eastern Atlantic from Senegal to South Africa (Allen and Steen 1994).

Biogeographic Regions: australian (Native ); oceanic islands (Native ); indian ocean (Native ); pacific ocean (Native )

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Schaffer, K. 2000. "Rhinecanthus aculeatus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Rhinecanthus_aculeatus.html
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Trophic Strategy

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The reef triggerfish diet consists mainly of reef invertebrates and algae. Common food items are small crustaceans, worms, brittlestars, sea urchins, and snails. Less common dietary supplements are other fishes, corals, tunicates, forams, and eggs. Highly versatile in its feeding possibilities, the reef triggerfish will feed on a wide variety of crustaceans, molluscs, and fish. Reef triggerfish obtain their food primarily by rooting through sand or rocks (Animal World 2000; Tinker 1982).

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Schaffer, K. 2000. "Rhinecanthus aculeatus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Rhinecanthus_aculeatus.html
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Benefits

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Caught with drive-in nets, reef triggerfish satisfy minor commercial fisheries purposes, but have a high commercial value for aqauriums. Reef triggerfish are considered good aquarium fish, as they are hardy and easy to keep and maintain. The ability of the fish to feed upon a wide variety of items, from live to frozen and flake foods, makes it very marketable among aquariums. With no special requirements for temperature or light conditions, the reef triggerfish is relatively versatile in its ability to adapt to environmental conditions. As it is easily caught and therefore readily available for purchase, the reef triggerfish is popular, also due to its unusual markings and vibrant color (Waikiki Aquarium Education Department 1999). The reef triggerfish also has a good disposition relative to other kinds of triggerfish. The reef triggerfish is not currently highly valued as a commercial food item for the majority of the human population. However, early Hawaiians ate it infrequently. The fish was also dried and utilized as a cooking fuel by early Hawaiians when other sources of fuel were in short supply. More importantly, the reef triggerfish was used further as a substitute for pigs for some religious ceremonies (Hoover 1993).

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Schaffer, K. 2000. "Rhinecanthus aculeatus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Rhinecanthus_aculeatus.html
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Conservation Status

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Currently abundant in many marine environments, the reef triggerfish is not presently at risk. However, major alterations are occurring in many of these habitats, carrying the potential to greatly reduce their numbers. In additon to tropical fish collectors, human population growth and the factors that accompany it pose threats to reef triggerfish, as well as other marine fishes and organisms. Though currently not at risk, other organisms in many of the reef triggerfish's habitats are being greatly reduced by abiotic factors (Dresie 1999).

US Federal List: no special status

CITES: no special status

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Schaffer, K. 2000. "Rhinecanthus aculeatus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Rhinecanthus_aculeatus.html
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Reproduction

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Like most fishes, the reef triggerfish undergoes heterosexual reproduction, in which there are separate male and female parents. Reef fishes are egg-layers, and the eggs are externally fertilized by the male parent. Nests are built by the female parent, in which the eggs are fertilized and cared for until they hatch. The newly-hatched young are also looked after by the female parent (Hoover 1993).

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Schaffer, K. 2000. "Rhinecanthus aculeatus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Rhinecanthus_aculeatus.html
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Trophic Strategy

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Commonly found in subtidal reef flats and shallow protected lagoons. Territorial. Feed on algae, detritus, mollusks, crustaceans, worms, sea urchins, fishes, corals, tunicates, forams, and eggs (Ref. 3921). Also caught with drive-in nets and is considered a popular aquarium fish (Ref. 9770).
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Recorder
Pascualita Sa-a
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Morphology

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Dorsal spines (total): 3; Dorsal soft rays (total): 23 - 26; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 21 - 23
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Cristina V. Garilao
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Life Cycle

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Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Mating system may be a mixture of polygyny, monogamy, and potential promiscuity in solitary females but the primary mating system considered for this species is polygyny (Ref. 116439). Females are territorial, solely tending and guarding the eggs (Ref. 116451). Males exhibit polygyny (Ref. 116451).
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Armi G. Torres
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Diagnostic Description

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Description: Characterized by generally whitish body color with yellow band from snout intersecting with dark bar through eye; dark brown area on middle of body connected to diagonal dark bands above anal fin; caudal fin base with rows of black dots; front of eye with deep groove; nearly straight dorsal and ventral head profiles; small, anterior projecting spines on caudal peduncle and adjacent posterior body in three horizontal rows; rounded caudal fin (Ref. 90102).
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Cristina V. Garilao
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Biology

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Commonly found in subtidal reef flats and shallow protected lagoons, Ref. 48637. Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Juveniles secretive with rubble patches, adults swim about openly but are usually shy (Ref. 48637). Territorial. Feed on algae, detritus, mollusks, crustaceans, worms, sea urchins, fishes, corals, tunicates, forams, and eggs (Ref. 3921). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Sleep on its side; makes a whirring noise when alarmed (Ref. 4420). Also caught with drive-in nets and is considered a popular aquarium fish (Ref. 9770).
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Crispina B. Binohlan
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Importance

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fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family
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Crispina B. Binohlan
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Comprehensive Description

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Rhinecanthus aculeatus (Linnaeus)

The levator arcus palatini is poorly developed, with only a few fibers to the anterodorsal face of the hyomandibular, while the levator operculi is well developed, extending inward beneath the dilatator operculi to the ventral process of the pterotic.

The cutaneous portion of the protractor hyoidei is well developed, and there is a fifth section of the hyohyoidei abductors. The sternohyoideus is as was described for B. undulatus.

The fifth levator externus is well developed, and partially fused to the fourth levator anterodorsally. Transversus dorsalis II arises only from the parasphenoid.

The posterior region of the groove in the pelvis which contains the arrector ventralis pelvicus has closed over ventrally to form a tube. The tendon remains single throughout its length, but divides immediately before its insertion.
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Winterbottom, Richard. 1974. "The familial phylogeny of the Tetraodontiformes (Acanthopterygii: Pisces) as evidenced by their comparative myology." Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 1-201. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.155

分布

provided by The Fish Database of Taiwan
分布於印度-太平洋區,西起紅海、非洲東岸,東至土木土及馬貴斯群島,北至日本南部,南至羅得豪島。台灣除西部及澎湖外,皆有分布。
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利用

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通常以陷阱法、潛水或流刺網捕獲,以生鮮或醃製於市場出售,或以其可愛的模樣而常被飼養於水族館中,供人欣賞。
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描述

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體稍延長,呈長橢圓形, 尾柄短。口端位,齒白具缺刻。眼前無深溝。頰部被鱗;鰓裂後有大型骨質鱗片。背鰭兩個,基底相接近,第一背鰭位於鰓孔上方,第I棘粗大,第II棘則細長,第III背鰭棘極短,不明顯,不露出棘基深溝。尾柄具三列小棘,上兩列向前延伸至第二背鰭後半部下方,最後一列很短,只侷限在尾柄部份。體背部褐色,腹部白色;從眼到胸鰭基部有一鑲細藍線之褐色帶,此帶中央亦具一條細藍線;眼眶隔藍色,上有三條黑線;有一藍帶圍著上唇;從口部有一橘帶延伸至胸鰭基下方;體中央偏上有一大黑斑,自此黑斑延伸至臀鰭基具數條窄黑帶,彼此以白色帶相隔;另有兩條寬黑帶延伸至第二背鰭基部;尾柄小棘黑色。除第一背鰭黑色外,其餘鰭均為白色,但尾鰭稍具深黃色。
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棲地

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主要棲息於淺的潟湖區及亞潮帶礁區,一般被發現於水深50公尺內的水域,領域性強。主要以藻類、碎屑、海膽、甲殼類等小型甲殼類、水螅體、被囊動物、軟體動物及小魚等為食。
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Swartbalk-snellervis ( Afrikaans )

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Die Swartbalk-snellervis (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) is 'n vis wat voorkom in die tropies Indiese-Pasifiese area en aan die ooskus van Afrika van Kenia tot by Algoabaai. In Engels staan die vis bekend as die Picasso triggerfish.

Voorkoms

Die vis se kop en lyf is bleek wit en is vol gekleurde strepe, kolle en vlekke. Daar is 'n helder geel streep van die bek na die tot by die pektorale vin se basis. Die vis word tot 30 cm lank.

Habitat

Die vis leef in plat areas in riwwe en beskutte sand rots areas. Hy maak sy nes deur op die sy te lê en met die stert op die bodem te klap om 'n holte te maak. Hulle is baie territoriaal en slaap op hulle sye in die nag.

Sien ook

Bron

Eksterne skakel

Wiki letter w.svg Hierdie artikel is ’n saadjie. Voel vry om Wikipedia te help deur dit uit te brei.
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Swartbalk-snellervis: Brief Summary ( Afrikaans )

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Die Swartbalk-snellervis (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) is 'n vis wat voorkom in die tropies Indiese-Pasifiese area en aan die ooskus van Afrika van Kenia tot by Algoabaai. In Engels staan die vis bekend as die Picasso triggerfish.

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Rhinecanthus aculeatus ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Rhinecanthus aculeatus és un peix teleosti de la família dels balístids i de l'ordre dels tetraodontiformes .[1]

Morfologia

Pot arribar als 30 cm de llargària total.[2]

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba des de les costes del Mar Roig fins a Sud-àfrica, Hawaii, Illes Marqueses, Tuamotu i Japó. També a l'Atlàntic oriental (des de Senegal fins a Sud-àfrica).[2]

Galeria

Referències

  1. The Taxonomicon (anglès)
  2. 2,0 2,1 FishBase (anglès)

Enllaços externs

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Rhinecanthus aculeatus: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Rhinecanthus aculeatus és un peix teleosti de la família dels balístids i de l'ordre dels tetraodontiformes .

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Picasso-Drückerfisch ( German )

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Der Picasso-Drückerfisch (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) lebt im Roten Meer, im Indopazifik von den Küsten Ost- und Südafrikas bis nach Japan, Hawaii, der Lord-Howe-Insel und Tuamotu und im östlichen Atlantik vom Senegal bis Südafrika. Er bevorzugt flache Lagunen mit Korallenbewuchs, Sand- und Geröllzonen und Korallenriffe. Die Fische kommen vor allem in sehr flachen Zonen bis zu einer Tiefe von 5 Metern vor. Sie leben einzeln oder paarweise und sind territorial. Gelegentlich werden sie aber auch in großen Gruppen angetroffen.

Brutpflegende Picasso-Drückerfische verteidigen ihren Laich äußerst aggressiv und greifen auch Taucher und Schwimmer an. Sie können, wenn sie sich gestört fühlen, schwirrende Geräusche von sich geben.

Die 30 Zentimeter lang werdenden Fische ernähren sich von verschiedenen bodenbewohnenden Wirbellosen, wie Würmer, Weichtiere, Seeigel, Krebse, aber auch Algen, Foraminiferen und Detritus.

Als Aquarienfisch ist der Picasso-Drückerfisch wegen seiner Aggressivität für Anfänger kaum geeignet.

Literatur

  • Hans A. Baensch und Robert Patzner: Mergus Meerwasser-Atlas Band 6 Non-Perciformes (Nicht-Barschartige). Mergus-Verlag, Melle, ISBN 3-88244-116-X
  • Dieter Eichler und Robert F. Myers: Korallenfische Indopazifik, Jahr-Verlag GmbG & Co., ISBN 3-86132-225-0
  • Ewald Lieske und Robert F. Myers: Korallenfische der Welt. Jahr Top Special Verlag Hamburg, ISBN 3-86132-112-2

Weblinks

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Picasso-Drückerfisch: Brief Summary ( German )

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Der Picasso-Drückerfisch (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) lebt im Roten Meer, im Indopazifik von den Küsten Ost- und Südafrikas bis nach Japan, Hawaii, der Lord-Howe-Insel und Tuamotu und im östlichen Atlantik vom Senegal bis Südafrika. Er bevorzugt flache Lagunen mit Korallenbewuchs, Sand- und Geröllzonen und Korallenriffe. Die Fische kommen vor allem in sehr flachen Zonen bis zu einer Tiefe von 5 Metern vor. Sie leben einzeln oder paarweise und sind territorial. Gelegentlich werden sie aber auch in großen Gruppen angetroffen.

Brutpflegende Picasso-Drückerfische verteidigen ihren Laich äußerst aggressiv und greifen auch Taucher und Schwimmer an. Sie können, wenn sie sich gestört fühlen, schwirrende Geräusche von sich geben.

Die 30 Zentimeter lang werdenden Fische ernähren sich von verschiedenen bodenbewohnenden Wirbellosen, wie Würmer, Weichtiere, Seeigel, Krebse, aber auch Algen, Foraminiferen und Detritus.

Als Aquarienfisch ist der Picasso-Drückerfisch wegen seiner Aggressivität für Anfänger kaum geeignet.

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Lagoon triggerfish

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The lagoon triggerfish (Rhinecanthus aculeatus), also known as the blackbar triggerfish, the Picasso triggerfish, or the Picassofish, is a triggerfish, up to 30 cm in length, found on reefs in the Indo-Pacific region.[2]

This species has been studied in a range of research contexts, from locomotion to color vision research.

Behavior

Lagoon triggerfish live in the reefs and sandy areas of coral reefs, where they eat just about anything that comes along, mostly including invertebrates and reef algae. They are always restlessly swimming around and vigorously protect their territory against intruders, including divers, especially when guarding their eggs during reproduction season. Their relatively small size makes them much less dangerous than the larger titan triggerfish of the same family.

The fish moves through the water by using waving motions in its dorsal and anal fins, allowing it to move more precisely. Using these movements, it can move forwards, backwards or simply hover in place above the reef. This means that it can more easily back out of crevices than other unidirectional fish.

Mating and reproduction

Both sexes guard territories, some maintaining a territory for eight years or longer (with males holding territories for significantly longer than females). A typical male territory may overlap with one to five female territories, and their mating system is described as haremic, although not much is known about this (similar mating systems are seen in other Balistidae species). If a male or female is removed or disappears their territories are soon taken over by a new fish. They reproduce multiple times over their lifetimes.[3]

Pair-spawning takes place around sunrise, with the egg masses being attached to sand, coral rubble or algae. They hatch on the same day around sunset. Although paternal care is normal in teleost fishes with external fertilization, it is the mothers in this species that guard and care for eggs until they hatch. The mother remains above the eggs for about 12–14 hours, fanning the eggs with her pectoral fins to improve aeration for perhaps 30% of the time. She chases away most fish that approach and remove other intruders like starfish by mouth. Maternal care is effective in preventing predation, and experimental removal of the mothers reduced survival to almost nothing suggesting this behaviour is adaptive. Unlike fathers, mothers forage less and over a smaller area near the egg mass while caring for the eggs. Since the males have multiple mates, caring for an egg mass would probably be more costly in terms of lost mating opportunities so maternal care is considered to be an evolutionarily stable strategy.[3]

Vision

This species has one type of single cone (SC), with an opsin peaking in sensitivity at 413 nm (S),[4] and a double cone with two different opsins in each member peaking at 480 nm (M) and 530 nm (L) respectively.[5] Behavioural research has provided evidence that individual members of the double cones can act as independent channels of colour information, aiding in understanding double cone function.[6] This research suggests the species has trichromatic vision, like humans.

See also

References

  1. ^ Matsuura, K. (2022). "Rhinecanthus rectangulus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T193713A2264564. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T193713A2264564.en. Retrieved 9 February 2023.
  2. ^ "Species Rhinecanthus aculeatus Linnaeus 1758". FishWisePro. 1758. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  3. ^ a b Kuwamura, T. (1997). "Evolution of Female Egg Care in Haremic Triggerfish, Rhinecanthus aculeatus". Ethology. 103 (12): 1015–1023. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1997.tb00143.x.
  4. ^ S = short wavelength, M = middle wavelength, L = long wavelength
  5. ^ Marshall, J.; Jennings, K.; Goldizen, A; Vorobyev, M. (2004). "Colour vision in reef fish". Vision down under. Brisbane, Australia: Fraser Island.
  6. ^ Pignatelli, V.; Champ, C.; Marshall, J.; Vorobyev, M. (2010). "Double cones are used for colour discrimination in the reef fish, Rhinecanthus aculeatus". Biology Letters. The Royal Society. 6 (4): 537–539. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.1010. PMC 2936199. PMID 20129950.
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Lagoon triggerfish: Brief Summary

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The lagoon triggerfish (Rhinecanthus aculeatus), also known as the blackbar triggerfish, the Picasso triggerfish, or the Picassofish, is a triggerfish, up to 30 cm in length, found on reefs in the Indo-Pacific region.

This species has been studied in a range of research contexts, from locomotion to color vision research.

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Rhinecanthus aculeatus ( Spanish; Castilian )

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El pez ballesta picasso (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) es una especie de peces de la familia Balistidae en el orden de los Tetraodontiformes.

Morfología

Pueden llegar alcanzar los 30 cm de longitud total.[1]

Distribución geográfica

Se encuentra desde las costas del Mar Rojo hasta Sudáfrica, Hawái, Islas Marquesas, Tuamotu y Japón. También en el Atlántico oriental (desde Senegal hasta Sudáfrica).

Referencias

  1. FishBase (en inglés).

Filatelia

  • Alemania Berlín, 16.8.1977, YVERT 514.

Bibliografía

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Rhinecanthus aculeatus: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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El pez ballesta picasso (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) es una especie de peces de la familia Balistidae en el orden de los Tetraodontiformes.

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Rhinecanthus aculeatus ( Basque )

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Rhinecanthus aculeatus Rhinecanthus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Actinopterygii klasean sailkatzen da, Balistidae familian.

Banaketa

Espezie hau Agulhasko itsaslasterran aurki daiteke.

Erreferentziak

  1. Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Rhinecanthus aculeatus FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Rhinecanthus aculeatus: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Rhinecanthus aculeatus Rhinecanthus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Actinopterygii klasean sailkatzen da, Balistidae familian.

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Picassokala ( Finnish )

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Picassokala (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) on säppikaloihin kuuluva kala.

Koko ja ulkonäkö

Picassokala kasvaa noin 30 cm pitkäksi. Sen vartalo on levymäinen, kyljessä huomiota herättäviä kuvioita, joiden vertailusta Pablo Picasson taiteeseen kala on saanut nimensä. Tämän kalan havaijinkielinen nimi on humuhumu-nukunuku-a-pua`a. Kiilasäppikalalla, joka on Havaijin kansalliskala, on sama havaijinkielinen nimi. [2]

Alkuperä

Picassokala elää luonnossa Indopasifisella merialueella.

Käyttäytyminen

Picassokala on lihansyöjä, jonka sanotaan puraisevan mitä vain. Siksi sitä ei voi akvaariossa pitää pienempien kalojen tai selkärangattomien seurassa. Myös akvaarion sisustus on tehtävä järeäksi.[3] Sillä on erikoinen tapa nukkua kyljellään. [4] Se pystyy uimaan sekä eteen- että taaksepäin liikuttamalla selkä- ja vatsaeviään aaltomaisesti. Jos kala nostetaan pois vedestä, se röhkii kuin sika.[2]

Vesiolot ja ravinto

Picassokala syö lihapitoista ravintoa: matoja, simpukoita, äyriäisiä, kaloja, koralleja ja jopa merisiilejä "puhaltamalla" ne ensin nurin niin, että pehmeä vatsapuoli on ylöspäin. Picassokala syö myös levää.[4] Sopiva suolapitoisuutta kuvaava meriveden ominaispaino on picassokalalle 1,025.

Lähteet

  1. ITIS (taksonomia)
  2. a b Marine Life Profile: Reef Triggerfish Maui Ocean Center.
  3. Meriakvaarion perustamismanuaali
  4. a b Rhinecanthus aculeatus (peilipalvelin) FishBase. Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (toim.). (englanniksi)
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Picassokala: Brief Summary ( Finnish )

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Picassokala (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) on säppikaloihin kuuluva kala.

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Rhinecanthus aculeatus ( French )

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Baliste picasso clair

Le baliste-Picasso clair (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) est un poisson-baliste qui atteint jusqu'à 30 cm de longueur, originaire des récifs coralliens de la région Indo-Pacifique.

Description

Ce poisson bariolé est l'un des représentants les plus typiques des récifs coralliens de l'Indo-pacifique, et son aspect très particulier le rend aisément identifiable. Son corps est d'allure ovale (formant parfois presque un losange horizontal), et très aplati latéralement ; il peut mesurer jusqu'à 30 cm de longueur, mais en moyenne il est plus souvent proche des 15 cm. La bouche est forte et lippue, les yeux globuleux sont situés presque au sommet du corps. Les nageoires dorsale, pectorales et anale sont presque transparentes et courtes mais puissantes, et sa première épine dorsale, très forte, est érectile et lui sert pour la défense.

Le patron de coloration peut être variable, mais comporte habituellement une base de beige plus ou moins clair que l'on retrouve principalement sur le dos et la large partie entre les yeux et la bouche. Celle-ci est jaune vif, surmontée d'un trait bleu électrique, et est prolongée sur le flanc par une bande elle aussi jaune vif qui finit en pointe au niveau des pectorales, c'est-à-dire sous l’œil (dont la paupière est du même jaune). Les yeux sont barrés de stries verticales noires et bleu électrique, qui se rejoignent sur le front et s'élancent elles aussi sur le flanc jusqu'aux nageoires pectorales. Les flancs sont noirs avec un dégradé vers le beige pour la partie supérieure, et une frontière bien visible avec le ventre blanc, parcouru sur sa partie antérieure de zébrures noires obliques. De chaque côté, la base de la queue est marquée par trois courtes zébrures noires et blanches horizontales, parfois confondues. Une bande jaune marque, au niveau du dos, la nageoire dorsale, et un trait noir marque l'épine érectile[3].

Habitat et répartition

Ce poisson est extrêmement courant dans tous les écosystèmes coralliens tropicaux du monde, sauf les Caraïbes (même s'il est présent en Atlantique est et notamment au Sénégal), et notamment dans les récifs de corail du bassin Indo-pacifique, dont il est l'un des habitants les plus connus des baigneurs. Il vit principalement dans les eaux peu profondes, mais peut être rencontré jusqu'à 50 m de profondeur[3].

Comportement

 src=
Un baliste Picasso en attitude d'intimidation (épines érigées), à La Réunion.
 src=
Un baliste Picasso dormant de nuit, bien ancré dans un trou.

Le baliste-Picasso clair vit à faible profondeur dans les zones sablonneuses des récifs de corail, où il mange à peu près tout ce qu'il trouve en fouillant le sable (petits poissons, crustacés, oursins, coraux, vers, algues, débris divers…[4])[5].

C'est un poisson peu farouche à l'âge adulte, qui n'hésite pas à suivre les baigneurs et les plongeurs dans l'espoir que ceux-ci bougent des morceaux de roche, découvrant ainsi des proies potentielles.

Ce poisson reste toujours aux alentours de son territoire qu'il peut protéger vigoureusement des intrus, y compris des plongeurs, en particulier pendant la saison de reproduction, les couples devant assurer la garde de leurs œufs[3]. Des comportements de "circling" et de "touching" ont été décrits pendant la parade de reproduction chez cette espèce[6]. Leur morsure peut être douloureuse, mais heureusement, leur petite taille les rend beaucoup moins dangereux que le baliste verdâtre.

Ce poisson dispose de puissantes épines (qui sont des rayons de nageoires modifiés) rétractiles sur les extrémités supérieure et inférieure de son corps : celles-ci peuvent se dresser pour impressionner un prédateur ou s'ancrer au substrat[3].

La nuit, ce poisson dort dans des anfractuosités, où il s'ancre grâce à ses deux épines rétractiles[7].

Noms locaux

Ce poisson très commun possède de très nombreux noms dans une multitude de langues : par exemple en anglais on l'appelle Blackbar triggerfish, white banded triggerfish, white barred triggerfish, prickly filefish, lagoon triggerfish ou encore painted trigger, Pesce balestra picasso en italien, Picassofisch ou Drückerfische Picasso en allemand, Gona en kiswahili, Swartbalk-snellervis en Afrique du Sud, Tsontso dans la région de Toliara (Madagascar), Picassofish ou bourse corail à l'île Maurice, Gabulhi aux Maldives, Pugot ou pakol aux Philippines, Humuhumu en Micronésie, Cumu tina ni gone aux Fidji, Oiri uouo ou kokiri en Polynésie française[3]

Le nom hawaïen pour le poisson est humu humu nuku nuku āpua'a (prononcé humu humu nuku nuku aː puaʔa, également orthographié humuhumu-nukunuku-a-pua'a ou tout simplement humuhumu (signifiant « baliste avec un museau de cochon »). Il partage le même nom avec tous les balistes de l'État de Hawaii.

En pohnpei, il est nommé pwuhpw (prononcé pʷuːpʷ).

Publication originale

  • (la) Linnaeus, 1758 : Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, ed. 10 (texte intégral).

Notes et références

  1. a b c d e f et g World Register of Marine Species, consulté le 12 juin 2018
  2. a b c d e f et g BioLib, consulté le 12 juin 2018
  3. a b c d et e DORIS, consulté le 9 janvier 2014
  4. Musée Aquarium de Nancy, « Baliste Picasso », sur especeaquatique.museumaquariumdenancy.eu (consulté le 11 février 2021)
  5. François Cornu, « Rhinecanthus aculeatus », sur Sous Les Mers (consulté le 9 janvier 2014).
  6. (en) X. Raick, É. Parmentier et D. Lecchini, « Circling and touching: two new behaviours in the courtship of the Picasso triggerfish Rhinecanthus aculeatus (Linnaeus, 1758) », Marine Biodiversity, vol. 47, no 1,‎ mars 2017, p. 161–162 (ISSN et , DOI , lire en ligne, consulté le 12 avril 2022)
  7. F. Ducarme, « Fines gâchettes et dents broyeuses : les balistes », sur Mayotte Hebdo, 15 mars 2017.

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Rhinecanthus aculeatus: Brief Summary ( French )

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Baliste picasso clair

Le baliste-Picasso clair (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) est un poisson-baliste qui atteint jusqu'à 30 cm de longueur, originaire des récifs coralliens de la région Indo-Pacifique.

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Rhinecanthus aculeatus ( Italian )

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Il pesce balestra Picasso (Rhinecanthus aculeatus (Linnaeus, 1758)), è un pesce d'acqua marino appartenente alla famiglia Balistidae.

Distribuzione e habitat

Questa specie è diffusa nella costa orientale africana dell'Atlantico (dal Senegal al Sud Africa), nel Mar Rosso e nell'Indo-Pacifico (dalle coste africane fino alle isole Hawaii). Abita le barriere coralline.

Descrizione

Rhinecanthus aculeatus presenta una forma più allungata rispetto agli altri Balistidae e la testa, completamente integrata, è di grandi dimensioni. Il pesce inoltre ha la capacità di muovere gli occhi in modo indipendente riuscendo così ad avere un maggior controllo dell'ambiente circostante potendosi concentrare su eventuali prede e predatori contemporaneamente. La bocca, che con i suoi disegni gialli accesi dà l'illusione di essere più grande, ha una dentatura potente. La pinna ventrale e la prima pinna dorsale si sono evolute in un aculeo rigido erettile, mentre la seconda dorsale è simmetrica ed opposta all'anale, e vengono utilizzate ondeggiandole per garantire l'equilibrio.

 src=
Un pesce balestra Picasso fotografato nella barriera corallina delle Maldive

La livrea è molto interessante e ricorda vagamente un'opera di arte moderna, da qui il nome comune "Picasso": il colore di fondo prevede testa color sabbia, dorso e fianchi bruno scuro e ventre bianco. La bocca è gialla, con una linea dello stesso colore che si allunga orizzontalmente fino alla pinna pettorale, raggiunta verticalmente anche da tre linee azzurre che decorano l'occhio. Sui fianchi 4 fasce bianche si muovono obliquamente verso il centro del corpo, mentre il peduncolo caudale è decorato da linee orizzontali bruno scuro.
Raggiunge una lunghezza di 30 cm.

Etologia

R. aculeatus può condurre una vita solitaria così come una vita sociale, piuttosto strutturata, presso la barriera corallina. Ogni esemplare occupa un ruolo e un territorio e non mancano combattimenti per la loro tutela. Tali scontri seguono una strategia ben definita che inizia con il porre il corpo di lato per esaltarne la mole aprendo gli aculei dorsale e ventrale (ottenendo la caratteristica forma simile alla balestra da cui prende il nome). Nel caso, il pesce continua con suoni secchi e vibranti molto forti in grado di stordire l'avversario per poi aggredirlo. Inoltre questo pesce sfrutta i suoi aculei per agganciarsi a fessure in formazioni coralline per poter riposare anche in zone con forti correnti.

Riproduzione

La fecondazione è esterna, sono animali ovipari e sessualmente maturi attorno ai 14 cm di lunghezza.

Alimentazione

Ha una dieta molto varia, è onnivoro e si nutre di pesci, crostacei, alghe, vermi, ricci di mare, coralli, spugne e foraminiferi.
Interessanti le tecniche di caccia di questa specie che vanno dall'emettere un forte getto d'acqua per individuare prede nascoste nel fondale, al rovesciare ricci di mare facendoli cadere ripetutamente dopo averli sollevati con la bocca per poter colpire la parte meno protetta.

Acquariofilia

Come molti altri Balistidi è spesso allevato e commercializzato per acquari marini pubblici e privati.

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Rhinecanthus aculeatus: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Il pesce balestra Picasso (Rhinecanthus aculeatus (Linnaeus, 1758)), è un pesce d'acqua marino appartenente alla famiglia Balistidae.

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Rhinecanthus aculeatus ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Vissen

Rhinecanthus aculeatus of picassotrekkervis is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van trekkervissen (Balistidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1758 door Linnaeus.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. (en) Rhinecanthus aculeatus. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 10 2011 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2011.
Geplaatst op:
22-10-2011
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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Rogatnica Picasso ( Polish )

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Commons Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons
 src=
Wyraźnie widoczne 3 rzędy kolców na trzonie ogonowym

Rogatnica Picasso[2], nosiec[3], rożec smużkowy[2], rożek smużkowy[4] (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) – gatunek morskiej ryby rozdymkokształtnej z rodziny rogatnicowatych (Balistidae).

Występowanie

Wschodni Ocean Atlantycki wzdłuż wybrzeży Afryki – od Senegalu po Afrykę Południową – oraz Ocean Indyjski i zachodnia część Oceanu Spokojnego – od Morza Czerwonego, Afryki Wschodniej i Południowej przez Seszele, Madagaskar i Maskareny, na wschód po wyspy Pitcairn w Polinezji i na północ po południową Japonię i wyspy Ogasawara, a na południe po Lord Howe na Morzu Tasmana, oraz po Nową Kaledonię[5].

Przebywa na rafach lub w ich pobliżu, a także w osłoniętych lagunach. Spotykana na głębokości do 50 m[6]. Przebywa w pobliżu dna lub w wodach pelagialnych[2].

Cechy morfologiczne

Rogatnica Picasso tworzy odmiany lokalne różniące się wyglądem.

 src=
Rogatnica Picasso

Ciało o zmiennym i dość różnorodnym ubarwieniu, ale zwykle z jednakowym układem smug i plam, przypominającym szkice Pabla Picasso[2] – stąd zwyczajowe epitety gatunkowe „smużkowy” i „Picasso”. Oczy są znacznie oddalone od otworu gębowego, co może mieć związek ze sposobem pobierania pokarmu – rogatnica miażdży skorupy mięczaków[2].

W pierwszej płetwie grzbietowej znajdują się 3 kolce o zróżnicowanej długości – trzeci, najmniejszy, jest odsunięty ku tyłowi. Druga płetwa grzbietowa jest wsparta na 23–26 miękkich promieniach. Płetwa odbytowa rozpostarta jest na 21–23 promieniach miękkich, bez kolców. Na każdym z boków trzona ogonowego rozmieszczone są 2 lub 3 rzędy drobnych, ostrych kolców, przy czym dolny ich rząd jest krótszy[2].

Rożek smużkowy osiąga przeciętnie 15 cm długości, maksymalnie do 30 cm[6].

Biologia i ekologia

Gatunek terytorialny. Jego głównym pokarmem są małże[2], ale zjada też wiele innych organizmów, w tym ryby i koralowce[6]. Ryba jajorodna. Odpoczywa i śpi leżąc na dnie nieruchomo, na boku ciała[2][6][3]. Zaalarmowana wydaje głośne, turkoczące dźwięki[2][6].

Znaczenie dla człowieka

Gatunek poławiany na niewielką skalę. Większe znaczenie ma jako ryba akwariowa. Starsze osobniki stają się w akwarium agresywne wobec innych współmieszkańców[2].

Rogatnice Picasso wykorzystano w badaniach widzenia barwnego u ryb. Stwierdzono, że są trichromatyczne[7].

Filatelistyka

Poczta Polska wyemitowała 1 kwietnia 1967 r. znaczek pocztowy przedstawiający Rhinecanthus aculeatus o nominale 1,50 , w serii Ryby egzotyczne. Autorem projektu znaczka był Jerzy Desselberger. Znaczek pozostawał w obiegu do 31 grudnia 1994 r.[8][9].

Przypisy

  1. Rhinecanthus aculeatus, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. a b c d e f g h i j Stanisław Rutkowicz: Encyklopedia ryb morskich. Gdańsk: Wydawnictwo Morskie, 1982, s. 586–587 i 620–621. ISBN 83-215-2103-7.
  3. a b Ryby. Warszawa: Wiedza Powszechna, 1976, seria: Mały słownik zoologiczny.
  4. Ryby : encyklopedia zwierząt. Henryk Garbarczyk, Małgorzata Garbarczyk i Leszek Myszkowski (tłum.). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN : Dorota Szatańska, 2007, s. 194. ISBN 978-83-01-15140-9.
  5. Eschmeyer, W. N. (ed).: Catalog of Fishes electronic version (2 October 2012) (ang.). California Academy of Sciences. [dostęp 10 listopada 2012].
  6. a b c d e Rhinecanthus aculeatus. (ang.) w: Froese, R. & D. Pauly. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org [dostęp 10 listopada 2012]
  7. Pignatelli et al. Double cones are used for colour discrimination in the reef fish, Rhinecanthus aculeatus. „Biology Letters”. 6 (4), s. 537–539, 2010. DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2009.1010 (ang.).
  8. Marek Jedziniak: Ryby egzotyczne (pol.). www.kzp.pl. [dostęp 2018-05-31].
  9. Picasso Triggerfish (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) (ang.). colnect.com. [dostęp 2018-05-31].
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Rogatnica Picasso: Brief Summary ( Polish )

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 src= Wyraźnie widoczne 3 rzędy kolców na trzonie ogonowym

Rogatnica Picasso, nosiec, rożec smużkowy, rożek smużkowy (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) – gatunek morskiej ryby rozdymkokształtnej z rodziny rogatnicowatych (Balistidae).

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Picassotryckare ( Swedish )

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Picassotryckare (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) är en fisk som lever i korallrev i Indiska oceanen och Stilla havet. Picassotryckaren har fått sitt namn efter konstnären Pablo Picasso. Den kan bli upp till 30 cm lång och lever på småfiskar, sjöborrar och koraller.

Mört, Nordisk familjebok.png Denna fiskrelaterade artikel saknar väsentlig information. Du kan hjälpa till genom att tillföra sådan.
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Picassotryckare: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

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Picassotryckare (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) är en fisk som lever i korallrev i Indiska oceanen och Stilla havet. Picassotryckaren har fått sitt namn efter konstnären Pablo Picasso. Den kan bli upp till 30 cm lång och lever på småfiskar, sjöborrar och koraller.

Mört, Nordisk familjebok.png Denna fiskrelaterade artikel saknar väsentlig information. Du kan hjälpa till genom att tillföra sådan.
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Cá bò Picasso ( Vietnamese )

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Cá bò Picaso (danh pháp khoa học: Rhinecanthus aculeatus) là một loài cá thuộc họ Balistidae, sinh sống ở các rạn san hô khu vực Ấn Độ Dương-Thái Bình Dương. Chúng dài đến 30 cm. Cá bò Picaso sinh sống ở các khu vực cát của rạn san hô. Nó luôn bơi quanh và bảo vệ một cách mạnh mẽ những kẻ xâm phạm lãnh thổ của mình, kể cả thợ lặn, đặc biệt khi chúng đang canh gác trứng trong mùa sinh sản. Cả con cái và con đực đều bảo vệ lãnh địa riêng của chúng, một số giữ lãnh địa này 8 năm hoặc lâu hơn.

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

Tham khảo

 src= Wikimedia Commons có thư viện hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về Cá bò Picasso


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết Lớp Cá vây tia này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Cá bò Picasso: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Cá bò Picaso (danh pháp khoa học: Rhinecanthus aculeatus) là một loài cá thuộc họ Balistidae, sinh sống ở các rạn san hô khu vực Ấn Độ Dương-Thái Bình Dương. Chúng dài đến 30 cm. Cá bò Picaso sinh sống ở các khu vực cát của rạn san hô. Nó luôn bơi quanh và bảo vệ một cách mạnh mẽ những kẻ xâm phạm lãnh thổ của mình, kể cả thợ lặn, đặc biệt khi chúng đang canh gác trứng trong mùa sinh sản. Cả con cái và con đực đều bảo vệ lãnh địa riêng của chúng, một số giữ lãnh địa này 8 năm hoặc lâu hơn.

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Расписной спинорог ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
 src=
Укус расписного спинорога.

Питание

Колючий ринекант питается различными донными беспозвоночными, такими, как черви, моллюски, морские ежи, раки, а также водорослями, фораминиферами и детритом.

Из-за своей агрессивности колючий ринекант едва ли подходит для содержания в аквариуме.

Picasso triggerfish2.jpg
Picasso triggerfish.jpg

Факты

  • Во время путешествия Фёдора Конюхова через Тихий океан от Южной Америки до Австралии на его вёсельную лодку «Тургояк» напали тропические рыбы типа спинорогов[4].

Примечания

  1. FishBase: Синонимы Rhinecanthus aculeatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
  2. Систематический список позвоночных животных в зоологических коллекциях на 01.01.2012 // Андреева Т. Ф., Вершинина Т. А., Горецкая М. Я., Карпов Н. В., Кузьмина Л. В., Остапенко В. А., Шевелёва В. П. Информационный сборник Евроазиатской региональной ассоциации зоопарков и аквариумов. Выпуск № 31. Том II. Межвед. сбор. науч. и науч.-метод. тр. / Под ред. В. В. Спицина. — М.: Московский зоопарк, 2012. — С. 212. — 570 с. ISBN 978-5-904012-37-3 PDF Архивировано 24 мая 2013 года.
  3. Решетников Ю. С., Котляр А. Н., Расс Т. С., Шатуновский М. И. Пятиязычный словарь названий животных. Рыбы. Латинский, русский, английский, немецкий, французский. / под общей редакцией акад. В. Е. Соколова. — М.: Рус. яз., 1989. — С. 411. — 12 500 экз.ISBN 5-200-00237-0.
  4. На лодку Федора Конюхова набросились тропические рыбы
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Расписной спинорог: Brief Summary ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
 src= Укус расписного спинорога.
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叉斑锉鳞鲀 ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Rhinecanthus aculeatus
Linnaeus, 1758[1]

叉斑锉鳞鲀学名Rhinecanthus aculeatus),又名鴛鴦砲彈尖吻棘魨,为輻鰭魚綱魨形目鱗魨亞目鳞鲀科锉鳞鲀属鱼类。分布于太平洋印度洋等热带海域,以及非洲西岸、太平洋东达夏威夷群岛、东南达邓尔贵斯群岛及大赫的岛、南达澳洲的昆士兰沿岸、西以及西沙群岛海域等,属于暖水性鱼类,棲息深度0-50公尺。本物種的棲息地主要分布在珊瑚礁周圍,常在附近的區域覓食。在繁殖季節時會以產卵處為中心,進行領域性的巡游以保護其後代。雄性及雌性均有各自的棲息範圍,以小型的魚類或甲殼類動物、或藻類等其他有機物質為食物,可做為食用魚及觀賞魚。该物种的模式产地位在印度洋。[1]

参考文献

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 中国科学院动物研究所. 叉斑锉鳞鲀. 中国动物物种编目数据库. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2009-04-16]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05).


扩展阅读

 src= 維基物種中有關叉斑锉鳞鲀的數據

小作品圖示这是一篇關於魚類小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。
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叉斑锉鳞鲀: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

叉斑锉鳞鲀(学名:Rhinecanthus aculeatus),又名鴛鴦砲彈、尖吻棘魨,为輻鰭魚綱魨形目鱗魨亞目鳞鲀科锉鳞鲀属鱼类。分布于太平洋印度洋等热带海域,以及非洲西岸、太平洋东达夏威夷群岛、东南达邓尔贵斯群岛及大赫的岛、南达澳洲的昆士兰沿岸、西以及西沙群岛海域等,属于暖水性鱼类,棲息深度0-50公尺。本物種的棲息地主要分布在珊瑚礁周圍,常在附近的區域覓食。在繁殖季節時會以產卵處為中心,進行領域性的巡游以保護其後代。雄性及雌性均有各自的棲息範圍,以小型的魚類或甲殼類動物、或藻類等其他有機物質為食物,可做為食用魚及觀賞魚。该物种的模式产地位在印度洋。

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ムラサメモンガラ ( Japanese )

provided by wikipedia 日本語
ムラサメモンガラ Picasso.triggerfish.arp.jpg 分類 : 動物界 Animalia : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata : 条鰭綱 Actinopterygii : フグ目 Tetraodontiformes : モンガラカワハギ科 Balistidae : ムラサメモンガラ属 Rhinecanthus : ムラサメモンガラ R. aculeatus 学名 Rhinecanthus aculeatus
(Linnaeus, 1758) 英名 Lagoon triggerfish
Picassofish

ムラサメモンガラ(Rhinecanthus aculeatus)はモンガラカワハギ科に属する海水魚。インド太平洋に分布する。生態や視覚についてよく研究されている。ハワイでは近縁種・タスキモンガラと共にフムフムヌクヌクアプアア(humuhumunukunukuāpuaʻa)とも呼ばれる。

形態[編集]

最大で30cmになるが普通は全長15cm程度。第一背鰭は3棘条、第二背鰭は23-26軟条臀鰭は21-23軟条[1]

生態[編集]

主に礁原の砂地に生息する。餌はウニ甲殻類多毛類腹足類貝虫ホシムシ藻類など。縄張りを持ち、侵入者には攻撃を加える[2]。気が荒いが、体が小さいため同科のゴマモンガラなどより危険性は少ない[3]

縄張りは8年以上に渡って維持されるが、雌より雄の方が長く維持する傾向にある。個体を除去した場合、その縄張りはすぐに別の個体に埋められる。雄の縄張りは1-5匹の雌の縄張りと重なり、他のモンガラカワハギと同じような一夫多妻制をとると考えられる。生涯に複数回繁殖する[4]

産卵は明け方に行われ、砂地・珊瑚礫・海藻などに卵塊が産み付けられる。母魚は12–14時間卵塊の上に留まり、およそ30%の時間に渡って卵塊に胸鰭で水流を送って過ごす。また、他魚やヒトデなどの侵入者をつついて追い払う。母魚を取り除いた実験ではほぼ全ての卵が捕食されたケースもあり、この行動は生存率の増加に有効であるといえる。卵はその日の夕方頃に孵化する。

通常、体外受精を行う魚類で卵を守るのは雄であるが、本種では雌である。雌の縄張りは小さいため、摂餌や卵塊の保護のためのスペースも小さい。だが雄は複数の交尾相手を持つため、卵を守ることは交尾機会の減少につながる。この上で、雌による卵塊の保護が進化的に安定な戦略となったと考えられる[4]

視覚[編集]

錐体細胞(SC)には413nm(S)[5]に吸光度のピークを持つ視物質があるが、双錐体細胞にはそれぞれ480nm(M)・530nm(L)にピークを持つ2種類の視物質がある[6]。行動研究から、本種は双錐体細胞の2種の視物質からの信号を区別できることが示された[7]。そのため、本種はヒトのような3色型色覚をもつと考えられる。

画像[編集]

出典[編集]

 src= ウィキメディア・コモンズには、ムラサメモンガラに関連するカテゴリがあります。
  1. ^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2005). "Rhinecanthus aculeatus" in FishBase. December 2005 version.
  2. ^ http://fl.biology.usgs.gov/documents/Rhinecanthus_aculeatus.pdf
  3. ^ J.E. Randall, J.T. Millington, Triggerfish bite – a little-known marine hazard, doi:10.1580/0953-9859-1.2.79
  4. ^ a b Kuwamura, T. (1997). “Evolution of Female Egg Care in Haremic Triggerfish, Rhinecanthus aculeatus”. Ethology 103 (12): 1015–1023. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1997.tb00143.x.
  5. ^ S = 短波長、M = middle 中波長、L = 長波長
  6. ^ Marshall, J.; Jennings, K., Goldizen, A. & Vorobyev, M. (2004). “Colour vision in reef fish”. Vision down under. Brisbane, Australia: Fraser Island.
  7. ^ Pignatelli, V.; Champ, C.; Marshall, J.; Vorobyev, M. (2010). “Double cones are used for colour discrimination in the reef fish, Rhinecanthus aculeatus”. Biology Letters (The Royal Society) 6 (4): 537–539. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.1010.
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ムラサメモンガラ: Brief Summary ( Japanese )

provided by wikipedia 日本語

ムラサメモンガラ(Rhinecanthus aculeatus)はモンガラカワハギ科に属する海水魚。インド太平洋に分布する。生態や視覚についてよく研究されている。ハワイでは近縁種・タスキモンガラと共にフムフムヌクヌクアプアア(humuhumunukunukuāpuaʻa)とも呼ばれる。

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Description

provided by World Register of Marine Species
Commonly found in subtidal reef flats and shallow protected lagoons. Territorial. Feeds on algae, detritus, molluscs, crustaceans, worms, sea urchins, fishes, corals, tunicates, forams, and eggs. Also caught with drive-in nets and is considered a popular aquarium fish (Ref. 9770).

Reference

Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2023). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (02/2023).

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Edward Vanden Berghe [email]