Diagnostic Description
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Body brownish, a distinct, large dark blotch at junction of straight and curved parts of lateral line and a smaller blotch on middle of straight section of lateral line, many dark rings scattered on body. Upper profile of head without notch in front of eye. Scales on eyed side ctenoid on anterior part and dorsal and ventral margins of body on eyed side, cycloid on remaining areas. Pectoral fin on ocular side with 11-12 soft rays (Ref 9774).Description: Characterized further by having small teeth on jaws with slightly enlarged teeth anteriorly; capable of rapid color changes, often flashing row of large pale patches along dorsal and ventral margins of body; median fins usually with faint, large dark spots (Ref. 90102).
- Recorder
- Cristina V. Garilao
Diseases and Parasites
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Philometra Infestation 1. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
Life Cycle
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Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Migration
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Amphidromous. Refers to fishes that regularly migrate between freshwater and the sea (in both directions), but not for the purpose of breeding, as in anadromous and catadromous species. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.Characteristic elements in amphidromy are: reproduction in fresh water, passage to sea by newly hatched larvae, a period of feeding and growing at sea usually a few months long, return to fresh water of well-grown juveniles, a further period of feeding and growing in fresh water, followed by reproduction there (Ref. 82692).
Morphology
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Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 67 - 76; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 51 - 56
- Recorder
- Cristina V. Garilao
Trophic Strategy
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Inhabits shallow continental shelves with muddy and sandy substrates. Feeds on benthic animals.
- Recorder
- Drina Sta. Iglesia
Biology
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Inhabits shallow continental shelves with muddy and sandy substrates. Feeds on benthic animals. Marketed mostly fresh.
Importance
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fisheries: commercial