Platycephalus fuscus, the dusky flathead or black flathead, (literally translating from Ancient Greek as "flat-head dusky") is a large predatory fish and the largest member of the family Platycephalidae.[2][1] Dusky flathead are a largely estuarine species and are found in estuaries, estuarine lakes and coastal bays on the east coast of Australia, from Cairns in Queensland to the Gippsland Lakes in Victoria. They occur over sand, mud, gravel and seagrass and can inhabit estuarine waters up to the tidal limit.
Flathead are notable for their unusual body shape, upon which their hunting strategy is based. Flathead are dorsally compressed, meaning their body is wide but flattened and very low in height. Both eyes are on the top of the flattened head, giving excellent binocular vision in order to attack overhead prey. The effect is somewhat similar to flounder. In contrast to flounder however, flathead are much more elongated, the tail remains vertical, and the mouth is large, wide and symmetrical. Flathead use this body structure to hide in sand (their body colour changes to match their background), with only their eyes visible, and explode upwards and outwards to engulf small fish and prawns as they drift over the hidden flathead.
Dusky Flathead colour varies from sandy with brown spots and blotches to dark brown/black with white spots. They have a distinctive black spot on their caudal fins. Dark bars are often visible across the rear of the body. The preopercular spines on each side of the head are very sharp and slightly venomous, and should be avoided when handling the fish.[3]
Dusky flathead are the largest of the many species of flathead found in Australia, and the most commonly caught. Dusky flathead have very rarely been caught at sizes up to 12–15 kg and lengths up to 1.3 metres, but average size is 0.5–1.5 kg and 40–50 cm.[4] Typically a fish of estuaries and estuarine lakes, dusky flathead are rarely found in other habitats.
The diet of dusky flathead is typically composed of smaller fish and prawns. According to NSW DPI Fisheries research, dusky flathead grow relatively quickly. In fact, dusky flathead can reach 40cm total length after just three years. Female Dusky Flathead mature at around 55cm total length while males mature much earlier at about 22cm total length. Only female fish attain the larger sizes. Breeding is reported to occur in mid to late summer around estuary mouths.[3] A recent study (Pollock 2014) shows that the sex of dusky flathead is determined at the juvenile stage, and that there is no sex inversion from male to female.
Dusky flathead are a popular species for commercial and recreational fishing in eastern Australia.[5] They readily take baits and minnow lures, and on such lures are good fighters. Recently they have proven to be very vulnerable to fishing techniques using jigged soft plastic lures. In the face of heavy fishing pressure and more effective techniques, a largely catch and release approach from anglers is essential nowadays to conserve dusky flathead. Fishermen must release dusky flathead over 70 cm, with the reason that they are important large breeding females.
The hypothesis that dusky flathead over 70 cm are "important large breeding females" is questionable. A study by Pollock (2014)[6] shows that the vast majority of eggs produced by the annual spawning aggregation come from the mid-size females (50 cm–60 cm), but more importantly the large females over 70 cm are often reproductively senescent—that is they have degenerate ovaries in which the eggs are breaking down or have broken down, and are not shed. A study is currently underway in northern New South Wales which is finding at most of the large female flathead (>75 cm) also have degenerate ovaries during the early spawning period (Nov/Dec), whereas the mid-size females have healthy ovaries with developing yolky eggs.[6]
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) Platycephalus fuscus, the dusky flathead or black flathead, (literally translating from Ancient Greek as "flat-head dusky") is a large predatory fish and the largest member of the family Platycephalidae. Dusky flathead are a largely estuarine species and are found in estuaries, estuarine lakes and coastal bays on the east coast of Australia, from Cairns in Queensland to the Gippsland Lakes in Victoria. They occur over sand, mud, gravel and seagrass and can inhabit estuarine waters up to the tidal limit.
Platycephalus fuscus Platycephalus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Platycephalidae familian sailkatzen da.
Platycephalus fuscus Platycephalus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Platycephalidae familian sailkatzen da.
Platycephalus fuscus est une espèce de poissons marins de la famille des platycéphalidés.
C'est un poisson prédateur de grande taille. On le trouve dans les estuaires, les lacs estuaires et les baies côtières de la côte Est de l'Australie, de Cairns dans le Queensland, dans les lacs du Gippsland, dans le Victoria. Il vit sur le sable, sur la boue ou le gravier des eaux estuariennes selon le rythme des marées.
Platycephalus fuscus is een straalvinnige vis uit de familie van platkopvissen (Platycephalidae), orde schorpioenvisachtigen (Scorpaeniformes), die voorkomt in de wateren rondom Australië. De vis kan een lengte bereiken van 1,5 meter maar wordt meestal rond de 40 cm groot. Zijn maximale gewicht is 12-15 kg maar de meeste soorten die gevangen worden, hebben maar een gewicht van 0,5-1,5 kg. De soort is hermafrodiet, ze worden als mannetjes geboren maar na een zekere lengte worden ze vrouwtjes.
Platycephalus fuscus is een straalvinnige vis uit de familie van platkopvissen (Platycephalidae), orde schorpioenvisachtigen (Scorpaeniformes), die voorkomt in de wateren rondom Australië. De vis kan een lengte bereiken van 1,5 meter maar wordt meestal rond de 40 cm groot. Zijn maximale gewicht is 12-15 kg maar de meeste soorten die gevangen worden, hebben maar een gewicht van 0,5-1,5 kg. De soort is hermafrodiet, ze worden als mannetjes geboren maar na een zekere lengte worden ze vrouwtjes.
Cá chai Dusky (Danh pháp khoa học: Platycephalus fuscus) là một loài cá biển trong họ cá chai Platycephalidae phân bố ở bờ biển phía Đông nước Úc. Cá chai dusky là thành viên lớn nhất của họ cá chai Platycephalidae và được bắt bởi những tay câu từ trước tới nay, thông thường có thể phân biệt và nhận dạng bằng cách xem xét màu sắc và các dấu hiệu khác ở đuôi và vây đuôi. Cá chai dusky cũng được gọi là cá chai cửa sông hay cá chai bùn. Đánh bắt cá chai thương mại là ngành cá quan trọng ở Úc, đa số đánh bắt vào cuối thu tới đầu xuân, và chủ yếu dùng lưới cản.
Bài viết Lớp Cá vây tia này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Cá chai Dusky (Danh pháp khoa học: Platycephalus fuscus) là một loài cá biển trong họ cá chai Platycephalidae phân bố ở bờ biển phía Đông nước Úc. Cá chai dusky là thành viên lớn nhất của họ cá chai Platycephalidae và được bắt bởi những tay câu từ trước tới nay, thông thường có thể phân biệt và nhận dạng bằng cách xem xét màu sắc và các dấu hiệu khác ở đuôi và vây đuôi. Cá chai dusky cũng được gọi là cá chai cửa sông hay cá chai bùn. Đánh bắt cá chai thương mại là ngành cá quan trọng ở Úc, đa số đánh bắt vào cuối thu tới đầu xuân, và chủ yếu dùng lưới cản.
寬頭鯒，又稱寬頭牛尾魚，為輻鰭魚綱鮋形目牛尾魚亞目牛尾魚科的其中一種，分布於澳洲海域，屬底棲性魚類，棲息深度可達30公尺，體長可達120公分，生活在沿海、河口區、紅樹林等沙泥底質水域，屬肉食性，以魚類、甲殼類、蠕蟲、章魚等為食，可做為食用魚及遊釣魚。
这是一篇鮋形目小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。 