Diagnostic Description
provided by FAO species catalogs
Head rather long, 24.9 to 27.7% of standard length. Measurements in relation to head length: upper jaw 47.1 to 50.6%; snout 30.2 to 34.1%; interorbital width 27.0 to 31.0%; total number of gill rakers on first arch 13 to 18 (usually 13 to 16). First dorsal fin with 1 spine and 9 to 10 rays; second dorsal fin with 38 to 41 rays; anal fin with 37 to 40 rays; tips of pectoral fins usually reaching origin of anal fin; caudal fin margin usually truncated, but becoming progressively concave with growth. Scales small, 124 to 155 along lateral line. Number of vertebrae 25 to 28 precaudal + 25 to 29 caudal = 51 to 56 total. Colour: steel grey to blackish on back, silvery white on sides and belly.
Doutre, (1960)
- bibliographic citation
- FAO species catalogue. Vol.10. Gadiform Fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Cods, Hakes, Grenadiers and other Gadiform Fishes Known to Date.Daniel M.Cohen Tadashi Inada Tomio Iwamoto Nadia Scialabba 1990. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. No. 125, Vol.10. Rome, FAO. 1990. 442p.
- author
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN
Distribution
provided by FAO species catalogs
Atlantic coast of western North Africa, from Cape Cantin (33°N) to Cape Roxo (10°N). Senegalese hake overlaps the distribution of M. merluccius in the north and that of M. polli in the south.
- bibliographic citation
- FAO species catalogue. Vol.10. Gadiform Fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Cods, Hakes, Grenadiers and other Gadiform Fishes Known to Date.Daniel M.Cohen Tadashi Inada Tomio Iwamoto Nadia Scialabba 1990. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. No. 125, Vol.10. Rome, FAO. 1990. 442p.
- author
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN
Size
provided by FAO species catalogs
Maximum length: 81 cm; common to 42 cm.
- bibliographic citation
- FAO species catalogue. Vol.10. Gadiform Fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Cods, Hakes, Grenadiers and other Gadiform Fishes Known to Date.Daniel M.Cohen Tadashi Inada Tomio Iwamoto Nadia Scialabba 1990. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. No. 125, Vol.10. Rome, FAO. 1990. 442p.
- author
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN
Brief Summary
provided by FAO species catalogs
The Senegalese hake lives close to the bottomin shallow depths from about 18 to 500 m. Spawning probably occurs from January to March in about 300 m at temperatures of about 12°C. Feeds mainly on small fishes, and to a lesser extent on crustaceans and cephalopods.
- bibliographic citation
- FAO species catalogue. Vol.10. Gadiform Fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Cods, Hakes, Grenadiers and other Gadiform Fishes Known to Date.Daniel M.Cohen Tadashi Inada Tomio Iwamoto Nadia Scialabba 1990. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. No. 125, Vol.10. Rome, FAO. 1990. 442p.
- author
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN
Benefits
provided by FAO species catalogs
Taken by bottom trawls in offshore grounds off Mauritania and Senegal together with two other hakes (M. merluccius and M. polli). Most common fishing techniques are "demersal bottom trawling" and "Hake trawling". The catch reported to FAO in 1987 totalled 7 469 t (compared with 102 000 t in 1970, but which included the catch of M. polli) of which 4 613 t were taken by USSR and 2 729 t by Spain. The stock size is not known, but the maximum sustainable yield is estimated to be rather low. Marketed fresh and frozen and also used for fishmeal and oil.The total catch reported for this species to FAO for 19989 was 17 901 t. The countries with the largest catches were Spain (15 696 t) and Russian Federation (1 230 t).
- bibliographic citation
- FAO species catalogue. Vol.10. Gadiform Fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Cods, Hakes, Grenadiers and other Gadiform Fishes Known to Date.Daniel M.Cohen Tadashi Inada Tomio Iwamoto Nadia Scialabba 1990. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. No. 125, Vol.10. Rome, FAO. 1990. 442p.
- author
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN
Diagnostic Description
provided by Fishbase
Head rather long. Pectoral fin tips usually reaching origin of anal fin. Caudal fin usually truncate, progressively becoming concave with growth. Color is steel gray to blackish on back, silvery white on sides and belly.
Migration
provided by Fishbase
Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.
Morphology
provided by Fishbase
Dorsal spines (total): 1; Dorsal soft rays (total): 4751
Biology
provided by Fishbase
Feeds mainly on small fishes, and to a lesser extent on crustaceans and cephalopods. Undergoes seasonal latitudinal migrations (Ref. 9709). Spawning takes place in northern areas from January to March (Doutre, 1960), and from October to March (López Abellán and Ariz TelleÃa, 1993). Marketed fresh or frozen (Ref. 58452). Minimum depth reported from Ref. 26999.
Importance
provided by Fishbase
fisheries: highly commercial; price category: high; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species
Merluccius senegalensis
provided by wikipedia EN
Merluccius senegalensis, the Senegalese hake, is a species of fish from the family Merlucciidae, the true hakes. It is found in the sub tropical waters of the eastern Atlantic Ocean off the north western coast of Africa.
Description
Merluccius senegalensis is a rather long-headed species in which the head is 24.9% to 27.7% of the fish's standard length. The total number of gill rakers is 13-18 on the on first arch. The anterior dorsal fin has a single spine and 9 to 10 fin rays and the posterior dorsal fin has 38-41 fin rays> The anal fin has 37-40 fin rays and the tips of pectoral fins normally extend to the origin of anal fin. The margin of the caudal fin is normally truncated, but as the fish grows it becomes progressively emarginate. It has small scales, with 124-155 scales along the lateral line. They are steel grey to blackish dorsally with the lateral and ventral surfaces being silvery white.[3] The inside of the mouth and tongue are blackish and there is a split black mark on the submandibular fold.[4] The maximum length is 81 cm but the more common length is around 42 cm,[3] males are smaller than females.[4]
Distribution
Merluccius senegalensis is found along the Atlantic coast of western North Africa, from Cape Cantin at 33°N to Cape Roxo at 10°N. It is partially sympatric with the European hake (M. merluccius) in the northern part of its range and with of M. polli in the southern part.[1] It distribution changes through the year with a southerly movement in October to April and a return northwards in August.[4]
Habitat and biology
Merluccius senegalensis is a bathypelagic and demersal species which prefers to live the over sandy or muddy substrates[4] at relatively shallow depths between about 18m and 500 m. The spawning period most likely takes place from January to March at depths of around 300m and at temperatures of about 12 °C.[3] The main prey is fish such as Synagrops microlepis, the Shortnose greeneye (Chlorophthalmus agassizi), the Cunene horse mackerel (Trachurus trecae), mackerel, whiptails, lanternfish and merlucids; as well as crustaceans including Munida iris, Parapenaeus longirostris, Plesionika edwardsii and Plesionika heterocarpus; and cephalopods.[4] Females attain sexual maturity at about 39 cm while males reach sexual maturity between 22 cm and 28 cm.[1]
Fisheries
It was formerly targeted by fishing vessels from Spain, Portugal and the Soviet Union but since Morocco and Mauritania declared economic exclusion zones, fishing has been restricted to local fleets. This species tends not to be reported separately and mixed catches of this species with the European hake (Merluccius merluccius) and M. polli. It is also taken as by catch in fisheries for cephalopods and other species. The IUCN currently list M. senegalensis as Endangered as it is thought that its population probably declined by between 50-80% in the three generations up to 2015.[1]
References
- license
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- copyright
- Wikipedia authors and editors
Merluccius senegalensis: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Merluccius senegalensis, the Senegalese hake, is a species of fish from the family Merlucciidae, the true hakes. It is found in the sub tropical waters of the eastern Atlantic Ocean off the north western coast of Africa.
- license
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- copyright
- Wikipedia authors and editors
