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Image of Southern Lanternshark
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Southern Lanternshark

Etmopterus granulosus (Günther 1880)

Diagnostic Description

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A large, heavy-bodied lanternshark with a big head (Ref. 5578), bladelike unicuspidate teeth in lower jaw and teeth with cusps and cusplets in upper jaw, stocky body, conspicuous lines of denticles on body, conspicuous black markings on underside of body and tail, with tail marking short and not extending far posteriorly (Ref. 247). Dark brown or black in color, possibly darker below (Ref. 26346).
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Recorder
Cristina V. Garilao
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Life Cycle

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Ovoviviparous, with 10-13 in a litter (Ref. 6871). Size at birth about 18 cm (Ref. 6871). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
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Cristina V. Garilao
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Morphology

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Dorsal spines (total): 2; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 0
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Cristina V. Garilao
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Trophic Strategy

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Found on the continental slope (Ref. 75154).
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Pascualita Sa-a
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Biology

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Found on outermost continental shelves and upper slopes (Ref. 247). Feeds on bony fishes including lanternfish, barracudina, synaphobranchid eels, oreo dories, hake, rattails, bathylagids, idiacanthids; also on squids (including histioteuthids and ommastrephids), octopuses, euphausiids, mysids, penaeid shrimp, salps, sponges and ribbonworms (Nemertina) (Ref. 124555). Bioluminescence observed, with the dorsal photophores, flank markings, and brighter pectoral fin and claspers are likely to be used for intraspecific communications and the ventrally emitted light is likely to be used for counterillumination (Ref. 123656). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205), with 10-13 in a litter, size at birth about 18 cm (Ref. 6871) to possibly 30 cm (Ref. 124555), Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 247.
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Kent E. Carpenter
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Importance

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fisheries: of no interest
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Southern lanternshark

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The southern lanternshark (Etmopterus granulosus) is a shark of the family Etmopteridae found in the southeast Pacific between latitudes 29°S and 59°S, at depths of between 220 and 1,460 m.[3] This species has been found off Northland, off the Chatham Islands, on the Campbell Plateau, all in New Zealand waters.[4] Its length is up to 60 cm.[3] Reproduction is ovoviviparous, with 10 to 13 pups in a litter, length at birth about 18 cm.[3][2] They exhibit bioluminescence.[5]

Parasites of the southern lanternshark, studied off Chile, include Monogeneans, Digeneans, Cestodes, Nematodes, and Copepodes.[6]

In June 2018 the New Zealand Department of Conservation classified E. granulosus as "Not Threatened" with the qualifier "Secure Overseas" under the New Zealand Threat Classification System.[7]

References

  1. ^ Finucci, B.; Lamilla, J. (2018). "Etmopterus granulosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T116856245A3120311. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T116856245A3120311.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b Weigmann, S. (2016). "Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity". Journal of Fish Biology. 88 (3): 837–1037. doi:10.1111/jfb.12874. PMID 26860638.
  3. ^ a b c Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2017). "Etmopterus granulosus" in FishBase. June 2017 version.
  4. ^ Roberts, Clive; Stewart, A. L.; Struthers, Carl D.; Barker, Jeremy; Kortet, Salme; Freeborn, Michelle (2015). The fishes of New Zealand. Vol. 2. Wellington, New Zealand: Te Papa Press. p. 142. ISBN 9780994104168. OCLC 908128805.
  5. ^ "Glow-in-the-dark sharks found off New Zealand coast". BBC News. 3 March 2021. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
  6. ^ Espínola-Novelo, Juan F.; Escribano, Rubén; Oliva, Marcelo E. (2018). "Metazoan parasite communities of two deep-sea elasmobranchs: the southern lanternshark, Etmopterus granulosus, and the largenose catshark, Apristurus nasutus, in the Southeastern Pacific Ocean". Parasite. 25: 53. doi:10.1051/parasite/2018054. ISSN 1776-1042. PMC 6244290. PMID 30457552. open access
  7. ^ Duffy, Clinton A. J.; Francis, Malcolm; Dunn, M. R.; Finucci, Brit; Ford, Richard; Hitchmough, Rod; Rolfe, Jeremy (2018). Conservation status of New Zealand chondrichthyans (chimaeras, sharks and rays), 2016 (PDF). Wellington, New Zealand: Department of Conservation. p. 10. ISBN 9781988514628. OCLC 1042901090.
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Southern lanternshark: Brief Summary

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The southern lanternshark (Etmopterus granulosus) is a shark of the family Etmopteridae found in the southeast Pacific between latitudes 29°S and 59°S, at depths of between 220 and 1,460 m. This species has been found off Northland, off the Chatham Islands, on the Campbell Plateau, all in New Zealand waters. Its length is up to 60 cm. Reproduction is ovoviviparous, with 10 to 13 pups in a litter, length at birth about 18 cm. They exhibit bioluminescence.

Parasites of the southern lanternshark, studied off Chile, include Monogeneans, Digeneans, Cestodes, Nematodes, and Copepodes.

In June 2018 the New Zealand Department of Conservation classified E. granulosus as "Not Threatened" with the qualifier "Secure Overseas" under the New Zealand Threat Classification System.

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Habitat

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Known from seamounts and knolls

Reference

Stocks, K. 2009. Seamounts Online: an online information system for seamount biology. Version 2009-1. World Wide Web electronic publication.

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