Cypridinodes wyvillethomsoni (Brady 1880)

Cypridinodes wyvillethomsoni (Brady)

Philomedes wyville-thomsoni Brady, 1880:160, pl. 36: figs. la-c—Müller, 1912:52 [species referred to “Cypridinidarum genera dubia et species dubia”].—Skogsberg, 1920:380 [considered it possible that the species may belong in Scleroconcha].

Cypridinodes favus? Poulsen, 1962:281 [not C. favus (Brady, 1880)].

HOLOTYPE.—Unique specimen, carapace length 5.2 mm; British Museum (Natural History), Registration No. 81.12.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Challenger station 161 (lat. about 38°S, long. 145°E), off entrance to Port Phillip, Victoria, Australia.

ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS (data from Poulsen, 1962: 281).—2 ♀ ♀ without eggs, length only, 4.8 mm, 5.0 mm, + 3 juveniles, length only, 1.9 mm, 2.6 mm, 3.0 mm, Tasman Sea, 37°05′S, 150°05′E, 70–100 m, 30 Sept. 1914; 2 ♀ ♀ with embryos, length only 5.2 mm, 5.3 mm + 8 juveniles, length only 3–4 mm, Tasman Sea, 37°05′S, 150°05′E, 50–90 m, 30 Sept. 1914; 1 ♀, length only, 5.2 mm, Disaster Bay, Australia, 50–70 m, 1 Oct. 1914; 1 ♂, length only 4.1 mm, + 1 juvenile, length only 2.5 mm, from Galathea station 545, Coral Sea, lat. 29°57′S, long, 153°24′E, 75 mm, 11 Nov. 1951.

MATERIAL EXAMINED.—None.

DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace with lateral ribs along ventral and dorsal margin, lateral process near middle of valve, and truncate caudal process.

Carapace length: adult females 4.8–5.3 mm, adult male 4.1 mm.

Second antenna: Second joint of endopodite of 2nd antenna with 1 bristle.

Seventh limb: Terminal comb with 20 teeth, movable jaw with marginal teeth; limb with 80 bristles.

Furca: Each limb with 7 claws, claw 2 fused to lamella.

Lateral eye: Well developed.

Upper lip: Posterior margin of proximal part of each tusk with 5 or 6 triangular teeth.

DISTRIBUTION.—This species has been collected along the east and south coasts of Australia in deep water (Figure 34). The most southern collecting station is at about 38°S, 145°E.

Doloria Skogsberg, 1920

TYPE-SPECIES.—Cypridina (Doloria) levis Skogsberg, 1920:225.

Six species in this genus are represented in the study area: D. isaacsi, new species; D. levinsoni, new species; D. levis Skogsberg, 1920; D. mawsoni, new species; D. pectinata Skogsberg, 1920; D. septenaria, new species.

DIAGNOSIS OF GENUS.—Carapace oval in lateral view with small incisur and narrow caudal process on some species; length 2.1 to 5.6 mm; surface smooth and without ornamentation.

First antenna: Adult male with sucking discs on b- and c-bristles.

Second antenna: Exopodite bristles with natatory hairs; 9th joint with 4 bristles except D. septenaria which has 7. Endopodite 3-jointed (straight in female; 3rd joint elongate, reflexed in adult male). Female 1st joint with 5 bristles, 2nd joint without bristles, 3rd joint with long filament; male 1st joint with 5 bristles, 2nd joint with 2 to 4 ventral bristles; 3rd joint with 1 proximal dorsal bristle and 2 small terminal bristles.

Mandible: End joint with total of 6 or 7 claws and bristles.

Seventh limb: Limb with abundant bristles (60–100); tip of limb with about 25 stout teeth; opposing stout tooth with small lateral teeth.

Furca: Each lamella with 11 claws (rarely 10); all claws separated from lamella by suture; claws decreasing in length and stoutness posteriorly along lamella.

Lateral eyes: Eyes well developed (18–27 ommatidia) in both sexes except for D. levinsoni female on which eyes are absent and male which has 5 or 6 ommatidia.

Upper lip: Lip with undivided anterior part and paired posterior part, posterior tusks, when present, small, not extending beyond ventral margin of anterior part of lip.

DISTRIBUTION.—Members of this genus have been reported from only inside the study area (Figure 33). The northernmost locality (39°57′30″S, 54°49′30″W) is off the Atlantic coast of South America; the southernmost locality is in the Ross Sea (71°17′S, 171°30′E). Species of the genus are found mostly in water shallower than 450 m, but one species, D. levinsoni was collected at a depth of 2818 m. The female of D. levinsoni is without lateral eyes, and the male has reduced eyes. Two juveniles of an indeterminate species, also without lateral eyes, were collected at 2923 m. Remaining species have well-developed eyes in both sexes. The shallowest water in which the genus has been collected is 6 m (D. levis).

Cypridinodes wyvillethomsoni (Brady, 1880)

Philomedes wyville-thomsoni Brady, 1880:160, pl. 36: fig. 1 a-c.—Müller, 1912:52 [referred to “Cypridinidarum genera dubia et species dubiae”].—Kornicker, 1994, figs. 109b, 110z,aa.

Philomedes Wyville-Thomsoni.—Skogsberg, 1920:380 [considered it possible that the species may belong in Scleroconcha].

Cypridinodes favus Brady.—Poulsen, 1962:281, figs. 128–130 [not C. favus Brady, 1902].

Cypridinodes wyvillethomsoni (Brady).—Kornicker, 1975:97.

HOLOTYPE.—Unique specimen, carapace length 5.2 mm; British Museum (Natural History), Registration No. 81.12.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Challenger station 161, about 38°S, 145°E, off entrance to Port Phillip, Victoria, Australia; depth 69.5 m.

MATERIAL.—Slope 1: USNM 193906, 1 ovigerous female on slide and in alcohol; USNM 193907, 1 adult male on slide and in alcohol; NMV J35974, 1 partly dissected ovigerous female in alcohol; 2 undissected adults and 25 undissected specimens in alcohol. Slope 19: NMV J35975, 1 undissected adult male in alcohol.

DISTRIBUTION.—Previously reported from the Coral Sea and SE Australia, at depths of 50–100 m. In the present collection: Slope 1, 204 m; Slope 19, 520 m. Known depth range 50–520 m. Kornicker (1975:92) incorrectly reported the depth of the species at 610 m (actually the depth for C. reticulata).

DISTRIBUTION.—The genus is circumglobal between about 60°N and 38°S. Known depth range is 2–400 m. The genus has not been reported previously from the vicinity of Australia.