Renata Manconi, Barbara Cadeddu, Fabio Ledda, Roberto Pronzato
Zookeys
Figure 33Cacospongia scalaris. a large massive specimen (ca. 35 cm) with finely conulose surface and evident scattered oscula b cored primary fibres perpendicularly connected by secondaries showing a marrow (LM) c drawing of the skeletal network; d) drawing showing radiating primary fibres typically connected by secondaries at right angle (90°). b modified from Pulitzer-Finali & Pronzato (1976) c modified from Laubenfels (1948) d modified from Schulze (1879a).