Pholoides dorsipapillatus (Marenzeller 1893)

Pholoides dorsipapillatus (Marenzeller, 1893)

Pholoe dorsipapillata Marenzeller, 1893:30, pl. 1: fig. 3A–D.—Fauvel, 1914:82; 1923:119, fig. 44n–q.—Day, 1963:389; 1967:100, fig. 1.18g–i.—Rullier, 1964:137.—Amoureux, 1972:71.—Campoy, 1982:92.

Pholoides dorsipapillata.—Pruvot, 1895:655.

Psammolyce fijiensis.—Rullier, 1964:138 [not McIntosh, 1885].

Peisidice bermudensis Hartman and Fauchald, 1971:30, pl. 2: figs. a–e.—Hartmann-Schröder, 1977:81, figs. 10–16; 1979:71, figs. 15, 16; 1981:26 [new synonymy].

Peisidice dorsipapillata.—Katzmann, 1973:111.—Laubier, 1975:678.—Hartman, 1975 (“1974”):210.

Pholoides bermudensis.—Uebelacker, 1984:23-1, figs. 23-1–23-2.—San Martín, Aquirre, and Baratech, 1986:9, fig. 6A–C.

Peisidice aspera.—Rosenfeldt, 1989:217 [not Johnson, 1897].

MATERIAL EXAMINED.—ADRIATIC SEA: Near Bari, mud bottom mixed with coarse sand, 220 m, 29 Sep 1970, W. Katzmann collector, 3 specimens (USNM 50551, as Peisidice dorsipapilata by Katzmann, 1973).

NORTH ATLANTIC: Off Cape Verde Islands, 14°53′N, 23°30′W, 10 m, rocky bottom, Calypso sta 29, 19 Nov 1959, 1 specimen (MNHNP, as Pholoe dorsipapillata by Rullier, 1964). Off Cape Verde Islands, 2 miles SW of Punta Garbeiro, 120–170 m, Calypso sta 45, 22 Nov 1959, 1 specimen (MNHNP, as Psammolyce fijiensis by Rullier, 1964).

WESTERN ATLANTIC: Off Bermuda rise, 32°19′N, 64°34′W, 1135–1153 m, Atlantis sta A118, 11 Aug 1966, holotype of Peisidice bermudensis (AHF 872). Off Georgia, 30°54′ to 31°03′N, 79°44′ to 80°26′W, 34–410 m, R/V Pierce sta 2E, 5H, 5L, Feb, May, Aug 1977, 5 specimens (USNM 59178–59182).

GULF OF MEXICO: 29°35′N, 87°20′W, 106 m, R/V Columbus Iselin, MAFLA sta 2645, Feb 1978, 6 specimens (USNM 56152, as Pholoides bermudensis by Uebelacker, 1984).

DESCRIPTION.—Length 5.5 mm, width 1.25 mm, segments 35 (Marenzeller, 1893). Specimens from Adriatic Sea (USNM 50551) 3–4.5 mm long, 1–1.5 mm wide, 29–30 segments. Body depressed, with globular tubercles on middorsum not covered by elytra; ventral surface minutely papillate (Figure 9B; Marenzeller, 1893, pl. 1: fig. 3C; Uebelacker, 1984, fig. 23-2a). Elytra on bulbous elytrophores on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, continuing on alternate segments to end of body; dorsal tubercles on segments without elytra, nodular, with small papilla distally (Figure 9F; Marenzeller, 1893, pl. 1: fig. 3A). Elytra large, thick, subtriangular, with faint concentric rings on surface and numerous long papillae on borders and few on surface (Figures 8B, 9I; Marenzeller, 1893, pl. 1: fig. 3Ba–c; Hartman and Fauchald, 1971, pl. 2b; Uebelacker, 1984, fig. 23-2a,b).

Prostomium and first or tentacular segment fused; prostomium globular, wider than long; 2 pairs of closely approximated eyes; median antenna with ceratophore on anterior border of prostomium, long style enlarged subdistally, with long papillae and filiform clavate tip; tentaculophores anterior and lateral to prostomium, each with curved aciculum, bundle of long capillary notosetae on inner side and long tentacular cirrus on outer side, similar to median antenna; stout palps lateral and ventral to tentaculophores (Figures 8A,C, 9A,B; Day, 1967, fig. 1.18h; Uebelacker, 1984, fig. 23-2a). Second or buccal segment with first pair of bulbous elytrophores, biramous parapodia, and long, papillate, ventral buccal cirri on cirrophores lateral to mouth; notosetae numerous, curved, spinose, capillary; neurosetae compound, with rather long spinose blades and spinose stems; lower lip of mouth papillate (Figures 8A,D,E, 9A–E; Marenzeller, 1893, pl. 1: fig. 3Da,b). Pharynx with 9 dorsal and 9 ventral border papillae and 2 pairs of jaws.

Biramous parapodia with notopodium almost as long as neuropodium, rounded, subconical, with numerous long, curved, spinose capillary notosetae; neuropodium with conical presetal acicular lobe with distal digitiform process and shorter postsetal lobe; neurosetae stouter than notosetae, compound, shafts smooth or spinose subdistally; blades short, upper ones slightly longer, smooth or faintly spinose (Figures 8F–H, 9F–H; Marenzeller, 1893, pl. 1: figs. 3A,Dc; Hartmann-Schröder, 1979, figs. 15, 16; Uebelacker, 1984, fig. 23-2c-f). Ventral cirri short, subulate, with few papillae (Figures 8F, 9F,G). Pygidium with pair of long, papillate anal cirri.

DISTRIBUTION.—Mid-Atlantic from Bermuda, Cuba, Gulf of Mexico to Azores, Mediterranean and Adriatic Seas, Red Sea, Cape Verde Islands, North and South Africa, in 37–1153 meters, in coarse sand, sand and mud, pumice stone, and mud.

Known from seamounts and knolls