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Associations

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Animal / parasitoid / endoparasitoid
larva of Pales pavida is endoparasitoid of larva of Apamea crenata

Animal / parasitoid / endoparasitoid
larva of Ramonda spathulata is endoparasitoid of larva of Apamea crenata
Remarks: Other: uncertain

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Brithyn godreog ( Welsh )

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Gwyfyn sy'n perthyn i urdd y Lepidoptera yw brithyn godreog, sy'n enw gwrywaidd; yr enw lluosog ydy brithion godreog; yr enw Saesneg yw Clouded-bordered Brindle, a'r enw gwyddonol yw Apamea crenata.[1][2] Gellir dosbarthu'r pryfaid (neu'r Insecta) sy'n perthyn i'r Urdd a elwir yn Lepidoptera yn ddwy ran: y gloynnod byw a'r gwyfynod. Mae'r dosbarthiad hwn yn cynnyws mwy na 180,000 o rywogaethau mewn tua 128 o deuluoedd. Wedi deor o'i ŵy mae'r brithyn godreog yn lindysyn sydd yn bwyta llawer o ddail, ac wedyn mae'n troi i fod yn chwiler. Daw allan o'r chwiler ar ôl rhai wythnosau. Mae pedwar cyfnod yng nghylchred bywyd glöynnod byw a gwyfynod: ŵy, lindysyn, chwiler ac oedolyn.

Gweler hefyd

Comin Wikimedia
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gyfryngau sy'n berthnasol i:

Cyfeiriadau

  1. Gwefan Cyngor Cefn Gwlad Cymru. Cyngor Cefn Gwlad Cymru. Adalwyd ar 29 Chwefror 2012.
  2. Geiriadur enwau a thermau ar Wefan Llên Natur. Adalwyd 13/12/2012.
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Brithyn godreog: Brief Summary ( Welsh )

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Gwyfyn sy'n perthyn i urdd y Lepidoptera yw brithyn godreog, sy'n enw gwrywaidd; yr enw lluosog ydy brithion godreog; yr enw Saesneg yw Clouded-bordered Brindle, a'r enw gwyddonol yw Apamea crenata. Gellir dosbarthu'r pryfaid (neu'r Insecta) sy'n perthyn i'r Urdd a elwir yn Lepidoptera yn ddwy ran: y gloynnod byw a'r gwyfynod. Mae'r dosbarthiad hwn yn cynnyws mwy na 180,000 o rywogaethau mewn tua 128 o deuluoedd. Wedi deor o'i ŵy mae'r brithyn godreog yn lindysyn sydd yn bwyta llawer o ddail, ac wedyn mae'n troi i fod yn chwiler. Daw allan o'r chwiler ar ôl rhai wythnosau. Mae pedwar cyfnod yng nghylchred bywyd glöynnod byw a gwyfynod: ŵy, lindysyn, chwiler ac oedolyn.

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Große Veränderliche Grasbüscheleule ( German )

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Die Große Veränderliche Grasbüscheleule (Apamea crenata, Synonym: Hadena rurea), zuweilen in der Literatur als Phalaena crenata zu finden, ist ein Schmetterling (Nachtfalter) aus der Familie der Eulenfalter (Noctuidae).

Merkmale

Falter

Die Flügelspannweite der Falter beträgt 33 bis 44 Millimeter.[1] Sie sind bezüglich der Färbung sehr veränderlich. Die Grundfarbe der Vorderflügeloberseite variiert von gelbbraun über rötlich braun bis hin zu dunkelbraun. Nieren- und Ringmakel sind in der Regel deutlich ausgebildet und weißlich oder braun umrandet, hingegen sind die Querlinien oftmals undeutlich. Am Außenrand heben sich zuweilen dunkelbraune Pfeilflecke ab. Die Hinterflügeloberseite ist einfarbig hell graubraun.

Raupe, Puppe

Ausgewachsene Raupen sind braungrau bis erdgrau gefärbt. Sie zeigen eine gelbweiße Rückenlinie. Auf jedem Körpersegment befinden sich schwarze Flecke und gleichfarbige Punktwarzen. Der Seitenstreifen ist gelbweiß. Kopf, Halsschild und Afterschild sind schwarzbraun. Vom Halsschild heben sich drei helle Längsstreifen ab. Die kastanienbraune Puppe ist am Kremaster mit zwei Dornen und vier kurzen Haken versehen.[2]

Ähnliche Arten

Bei den Faltern der Makelrand-Grasbüscheleule (Apamea epomidion) ist die Ringmakel an drei Seiten schwarz umrandet und nur zum Vorderrand hin offen.

Verbreitung und Lebensraum

Die Verbreitung der Art erstreckt sich durch Europa und den Norden Asiens bis nach Japan. In Nordeuropa und Nordasien überschreitet sie den Polarkreis, im Mittelmeerraum ist sie in kühlen Lagen und in den Gebirgen heimisch. Sie meidet sehr heiße Gebiete.[3][4] In den Alpen steigt sie bis auf etwa 2000 Meter Höhe.[2] Die Große Veränderliche Grasbüscheleule bewohnt unterschiedliche Lebensräume und ist an Waldrändern, auf Lichtungen, Berg- und Talwiesen, in Heiden und Moorgebieten sowie in Gärten und Parkanlagen anzutreffen.[5]

Lebensweise

Die Falter sind dämmerungs- und nachtaktiv, besuchen gerne künstliche Lichtquellen sowie Köder und fliegen in einer Generation von Mai bis August. Zuweilen wurden sie saugend an den Blüten des Schmetterlingsflieders (Buddleja davidii) beobachtet. Die Raupen leben überwiegend ab August, überwintern und verpuppen sich im Mai des folgenden Jahres. Sie ernähren sich bevorzugt von den Samen oder Halmen verschiedener Gräser, beispielsweise von Draht-Schmiele (Deschampsia flexuosa), Wald-Schwingel (Festuca altissima), Wald-Reitgras (Calamagrostis arundinacea) oder Pfeifengräsern (Molinia).[4] Als weitere Nahrungspflanzen werden Rubus- und Primelarten (Primula) genannt.[1]

Gefährdung

Die Große Veränderliche Grasbüscheleule ist in Deutschland verbreitet und wird auf der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten als „nicht gefährdet“ geführt.[6]

Einzelnachweise

  1. a b Alberto Zilli, László Ronkay, Michael Fibiger: Apameini. In: W. G. Tremewan (Hrsg.): Noctuidae Europaeae. 1. Auflage. Band 8. Entomological Press, Sorø 2005, ISBN 87-89430-09-3, S. 121/122
  2. a b Walter Forster, Theodor A. Wohlfahrt: Die Schmetterlinge Mitteleuropas. Band 4: Eulen. (Noctuidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1971, ISBN 3-440-03752-5, S. 125/126
  3. Markku Savela: Verbreitung. In: Lepidoptera and some other life forms. Abgerufen am 10. Januar 2020 (englisch).
  4. a b Günter Ebert (Hrsg.): Die Schmetterlinge Baden-Württembergs. 1. Auflage. Band 6. Nachtfalter IV. Noctuidae 2. Teil. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1997, ISBN 3-8001-3482-9, S. 571–574
  5. Manfred Koch: Wir bestimmen Schmetterlinge. Band 3: Eulen. 2., erweiterte Auflage., Neumann Verlag, Leipzig/Radebeul, 1972, S. 164/165
  6. Bundesamt für Naturschutz (Hrsg.): Rote Liste gefährdeter Tiere Deutschlands. Landwirtschaftsverlag, Münster 1998, ISBN 3-89624-110-9
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Große Veränderliche Grasbüscheleule: Brief Summary ( German )

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 src= Raupe

Die Große Veränderliche Grasbüscheleule (Apamea crenata, Synonym: Hadena rurea), zuweilen in der Literatur als Phalaena crenata zu finden, ist ein Schmetterling (Nachtfalter) aus der Familie der Eulenfalter (Noctuidae).

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Apamea crenata

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Apamea crenata, known as the clouded-bordered brindle, is a moth in the family Noctuidae. It is distributed throughout the Palearctic realm. In the North it crosses the Arctic Circle, in the Mediterranean it is found only in cool locations and mountains avoiding very hot areas. In the Alps, it rises to an altitude of about 2000 metres.

Mounted

Description

This species has a wingspan of 36 to 44 mm. The forewings are pale brown with darker patches along the margins, usually with prominent markings at the base and tornus. The hindwings are grayish with darker venation. Melanic forms occur fairly frequently.

Technical description and variation

Forewing pale lilac grey, often washed with pale brownish; the veins paler: costal area tinged with purplish grey; inner margin with white, and with a strong black streak near base: inner and outer lines double, brownish, the outer followed by a double row of dark brown vein dots with a white dot between; claviform stigma brown, with darker outline; orbicular generally elongate and narrow, sometimes shortened and rounder, with centre brown as in reniform and pale outline, the outer half of the reniform paler than the inner, and the lower lobe dark; cell and median shade brown, the latter not reaching below cell; marginal area beyond submarginal line dark redbrown, emitting large teeth inwards on the two folds; hind wing fuscous, pale grey towards base. Aberration (ab.) argentea Tutt is a form from Scotland in which the ground colour of forewings is shining silvery whitish, with traces of faint brownish costal streaks; the terminal area and basal streaks pale brown; all other markings obsolete, except a trace of reniform stigma: hindwing pale grey; - Forma ochrea Tutt and intermedia Tutt seem to represent merely the type form when washed with pale ochreous, or with rufous ochreous respectively, this last being the commonest form in Britain; -forma flavorufa Tutt is a rare form, from the North of England and Scotland only, with ground colour dull yellow red, with the ordinary markings obsolete, except the stigmata which are distinct and outlined with yellow; some short yellow costal dashes, a yellow patch at base of costa and some yellow scales on the dark veins; -the form putris Hbn. has the whole of forewing suffused with dull grey brown, the median area between inner and outer lines darker brown from costa to inner margin; the white scales of inner margin plainer; some examples are more uniformly dark and with obscured markings, while others are paler brown and show the markings clearly: - forma combusta Haw. is a dark fuscous form of this, in which the basal area and both hues are mixed with white scales, the outer edge of the reniform being also whitish; ab. alopecurus Esp.is red-brown with the veins dark, the costa and inner margin and sometimes the veins dusted with whitish, and the stigmata edged with yellow; the two folds redder than the rest; in some cases this red tint predominates and makes the whole wing red; in others the blackish shades overpower the red, these last being nigrorubida Tutt; - ab. subrurea Petersen is a form with the forewing darkened with grey brown, with clear markings, and the reniform not picked out with yellow - extincta Stgr. from Issykkul and Kuku Nor, has the forewing pale uniform lilac grey; the terminal area and the cell dull redbrown; the hues very indistinctly expressed; the stigmata pale grey, the outer edge of the reniform whitish; the dark form corresponding to this, (as alopecurus does to typical rurea) - ab. uniformis ab. nov.[Warren] is wholly dull dark liver colour, with no markings except the pale inner and outer lines and the whitish outer edge of the reniform stigma; the hindwing, as in extincta, smooth pale grey. [1]

Figs.6, 6a, 6b, 6c larvae after final moult

Biology

Apamea crenata occupies varied habitats. It colonizes grass-rich, uncut, and moist to mesophilic places such as wet meadows, fens, forest edges or clearings, mountain and valley meadows, in heaths and moorland areas as well as in gardens and parks. In the British Isles the moth flies at night from May to July. It is attracted to light and sugar, particularly nectar-rich flowers. Adult caterpillars are brown-grey to earth-grey coloured. They have a yellow-and-white dorsal line. On each body segment there are black spots and black point warts. The lateral stripe is yellow and white. Head, the neck shield and anus shield are black-brown. Three bright longitudinal stripes stand out from the neck shield. The maroon pupa is equipped with two thorns and four short hooks on the cremaster. The larva feeds on various grasses including orchard grasses, tussock grasses, fescues, and canarygrasses. This species overwinters as a larva and feeds in mild weather throughout the season.[2]

References

  1. ^ Seitz, A. Ed., 1914 Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde, Verlag Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart Band 3: Abt. 1, Die Großschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen eulenartigen Nachtfalter, 1914
  2. ^ "Robinson, G. S., et al. 2010. HOSTS – A Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants. Natural History Museum, London".
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Apamea crenata: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Apamea crenata, known as the clouded-bordered brindle, is a moth in the family Noctuidae. It is distributed throughout the Palearctic realm. In the North it crosses the Arctic Circle, in the Mediterranean it is found only in cool locations and mountains avoiding very hot areas. In the Alps, it rises to an altitude of about 2000 metres.

Mounted
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Variabele grasuil ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Insecten

De variabele grasuil (Apamea crenata) is een nachtvlinder uit de familie van de Noctuidae, de uilen. De vlinder heeft een voorvleugellengte van 18 tot 22 millimeter. De imago kent twee duidelijk te onderscheiden vormen:

  • een bonte lichte vorm met geelachtig of roodachtig bruin of grijzige basiskleur,
  • een donkere bruine vorm waarop alleen de randen van de ring- en niervlek goed afgetekend zijn.

De soort overwintert als rups.

Waardplanten

De waardplanten van de variabele grasuil komen uit de grassenfamilie, met name kropaar.

Voorkomen in Nederland en België

De variabele grasuil is in Nederland en België een gewone soort, die verspreid over het hele gebied voorkomt. De vliegtijd is van eind april tot half juli in één generatie.

Externe links

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  • Waring, P. en M. Townsend (2006) Nachtvlinders, veldgids met alle in Nederland en België voorkomende soorten, Baarn: Tirion.
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Variabele grasuil: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De variabele grasuil (Apamea crenata) is een nachtvlinder uit de familie van de Noctuidae, de uilen. De vlinder heeft een voorvleugellengte van 18 tot 22 millimeter. De imago kent twee duidelijk te onderscheiden vormen:

een bonte lichte vorm met geelachtig of roodachtig bruin of grijzige basiskleur, een donkere bruine vorm waarop alleen de randen van de ring- en niervlek goed afgetekend zijn.

De soort overwintert als rups.

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Vanlig engfly ( Norwegian )

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Kileengfly (Apamea crenata) er en sommerfugl som tilhører familien nattfly (Noctuidae). Den er vanlig nord til Nordland i Norge.

Utseende

Et middelsstort (vingespenn 39 – 44 mm), kraftig, mer eller mindre brunlig nattfly. Arten er ganske variabel i farge, men det finnes to hovedformer (morfer), en lys og en mørk. Den lyse formen har forkropp og forvinger lyst gulgrå eller gulbrune. Nyre- og ringmerkene er tydelige og brunkantede, mens vingens tverrlinjer er nokså utydelige. Ved forvingens bakkant nær roten er den en svart lengdestrek. Ytterkanten har to kileformede brune flekker, disse er oftest forbundet ytterst. Den mørke formen er ganske mørkt rødbrun, de eneste tydelige vingetegningene er nyre- og ringmerkene som er lysere brunrøde og kantet med gult. Vingen kan ha andre, lysere brunrøde flekker, særlig ved bakhjørnet. Bakvingen er gråbrun hos begge former, lysere ved roten.

Levevis

Denne arten er vanlig i mange slags åpne områder med gras. Larvene utvikler seg på røttene til ulike grasarter (Poaceae) fra august til mai. Denne arten har en lang flygetid og voksne individer kan påtreffes fra mai til september.

Utbredelse

Vanlig engfly er utbredt over hele Europa og videre østover gjennom det nordlige Asia til Japan. I Norge er den vanlig nord til Rana i Nordland.

Kilder

  • Norges sommerfugler – Vanlig engfly [1][død lenke]
  • Aarvik, L., Berggren, K. og Hansen, L.O. (2000) Catalogus Lepidopterorum Norvegiae. Lepidopterologisk Arbeidsgruppe/Norsk Institutt for Skogforskning. ISBN 82-995095-1-3
  • Nettsiden Svenska Fjärilar, med bildegalleri: [2]
  • Apamea crenata på UK moths: [3]

Eksterne lenker

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Vanlig engfly: Brief Summary ( Norwegian )

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Kileengfly (Apamea crenata) er en sommerfugl som tilhører familien nattfly (Noctuidae). Den er vanlig nord til Nordland i Norge.

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Sommarängsfly ( Swedish )

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Sommarängsfly (Apamea crenata)[1] är en fjärilsart som beskrevs av Hüfnagel 1766. Sommarängsfly ingår i släktet Apamea och familjen nattflyn.[1][2][3] Arten är reproducerande i Sverige.[3] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[1]



Bildgalleri

Källor

  1. ^ [a b c] Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (10 april 2011). ”Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/apamea+crenata/match/1. Läst 24 september 2012.
  2. ^ LepIndex: The Global Lepidoptera Names Index. Beccaloni G.W., Scoble M.J., Robinson G.S. & Pitkin B., 2005-06-15
  3. ^ [a b] Dyntaxa Apamea crenata


Externa länkar


Blue morpho butterfly 300x271.jpg Denna artikel om nattflyn saknar väsentlig information. Du kan hjälpa till genom att tillföra sådan.
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Sommarängsfly: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

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Sommarängsfly (Apamea crenata) är en fjärilsart som beskrevs av Hüfnagel 1766. Sommarängsfly ingår i släktet Apamea och familjen nattflyn. Arten är reproducerande i Sverige. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.



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Apamea crenata ( Ukrainian )

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Apamea crenata — вид метеликів родини Совки (Noctuidae). Вид поширений у Палеарктиці.

Опис

Розмах крил метелика — 36-44 мм. Північні популяції мають темніше забарвлення.

Спосіб життя

Виліт дорослих особин відбувається у червні-липні. Метелики живляться нектаром, а личинки поїдають листя злакових рослин.

Джерела


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Apamea crenata: Brief Summary ( Ukrainian )

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Apamea crenata — вид метеликів родини Совки (Noctuidae). Вид поширений у Палеарктиці.

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Apamea crenata ( Vietnamese )

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Tango style Wikipedia Icon.svg
Đây là một bài mồ côi vì không có hoặc có ít bài khác liên kết đến nó.
Xin hãy tạo liên kết đến bài này trong các bài của các chủ đề liên quan. (tháng 7 năm 2018)

'Apamea crenata) là một loài bướm đêm thuộc họ Noctuidae. Loài này phân bố ở khắp châu Âu.

 src=
Mounted

Loài này có sải cánh khoảng 36-44 mm. This moth flies at night từ tháng 5 đến tháng 7 [1] và bị ánh đèn và hoa nhiều mật hoa thu hút.

Ấu trùng ăn various cỏ bao gồm Dactylis, Deschampsia, FestucaPhalaris. Chúng qua mùa đông dưới dạng ấu trùng.

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (2011). “Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. Truy cập ngày 15 tháng 6 năm 2014.

Tham khảo

  • Chinery, Michael Collins Guide to the Insects of Britain và Western Europe 1986 (Reprinted 1991)
  • Skinner, Bernard Colour Identification Guide to Moths of the British Isles 1984

 src= Phương tiện liên quan tới Apamea crenata tại Wikimedia Commons

Liên kết ngoài


Bài viết về tông bướm Apameini này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.


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Apamea crenata: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

'Apamea crenata) là một loài bướm đêm thuộc họ Noctuidae. Loài này phân bố ở khắp châu Âu.

 src= Mounted

Loài này có sải cánh khoảng 36-44 mm. This moth flies at night từ tháng 5 đến tháng 7 và bị ánh đèn và hoa nhiều mật hoa thu hút.

Ấu trùng ăn various cỏ bao gồm Dactylis, Deschampsia, FestucaPhalaris. Chúng qua mùa đông dưới dạng ấu trùng.

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