dcsimg

Conservation Status

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Endangered

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2011, BirdLife International
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Cooleman, Stijn

Description

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Small white heron in breeding plumage at Madagascar, migratory to Eastern and Central Africa (in different non-breeding plumage).

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Diagnostic Description

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Short reddish legs and blue bill (in white, breeding plumage)

Dark crown and streaky upperparts (in non-breeding plumage)

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Distribution

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Madagascar (and Aldabra in the Seychelles); Eastern and Central Africa: S Kenya - N Mozambique inland to S DR Congo, and the Comoro Islands.

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Habitat

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Near water (in breeding range)

Water areas in all habitats including forests (in non-breeding range)

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Look Alikes

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Squacco Heron A. ralloides (only in immature, winter or non-breeding plumage, but A. idae has darker upperparts incl. a rather coffee brown coloured back while A. ralloides has a rather olive brown back).

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Migration

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Migrating from Madagascar (or Aldabra) to Eastern and Central Africa: mainly May-October.

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Morphology

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Breeding plumage: all white, with long crest and scapular plumes. Blue bill and bare orbital skin, former with dark tip. Reddish legs.

Non-breeding plumage: dark brown on crown and streaked dark brownish on mantle and underparts.

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Reproduction

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It nests in colonies.

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Size

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45-48 cm

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Biology

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The Madagascar pond heron feeds on fish, insects and other small invertebrates (2).
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Conservation

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The Madagascar pond-heron has been classified as Vulnerable by the IUCN Red List (1) and is included in Appendix II of the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) (2). Suggested measures include carrying out surveys on this species to gain a better knowledge of the size of the population. More research is needed on the ecology of the species in order to better understand the threats facing it at present. Important colonies must be protected, and a local public education campaign has been proposed to try to reduce harvesting of the eggs (2).
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Description

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This small white heron has a long crest, red legs, a blue bill with a red tip and blue bare skin around the eyes. Outside of the breeding season the plumage becomes streaked with brown and the crown becomes completely brown (2).
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Habitat

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Found in freshwater wetlands typically with nearby tree-cover (2).
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Range

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The breeding range occurs in Madagascar and the Seychelles. In Madagascar the species has a wide range, but it is not common throughout the area and has been declining during the last 50 years. Non-breeding populations occur in east and central Africa (2).
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Status

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Classified as Endangered (EN) on the IUCN Red List 2007 (1). Included in Appendix II of the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS or Bonn Convention) (2).
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Threats

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It is thought that the population is declining quickly largely due to over-harvesting of the eggs and young (1). Furthermore the introduced invasive fish Micropterus salmoides may be competing with this heron for food (2).
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Madagaskar-ralreier ( Afrikaans )

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Die Madagaskar ralreier (ook genoem die Malgassiese ralreier) is 'n seldsame winterbesoeker wat nie in Suid-Afrika broei nie.

Identifikasie

Die voël het 'n redelike donker rug en nek met breë, opvallende strepe, wat in vlug skerp by die wit vlerke afsteek. Die kenmerke onderskie hom van die ralreier. Sy groenerige snawel het 'n swart punt en snawelnok. Die algemene lengte van 'n volwasse voël is 47 cm.

Verspreiding

Soos die naam aandui is die Madagaskar-ralreier endemies aan Madagaskar. Die voël word ook af en toe in Zimbabwe gesien, maar besoek Mosambiek meer dikwels; word ook gereeld in Oos-Afrika gesien.

Ander name

  • Wetenskaplike naam: Ardeola idae
  • Engelse naam: Madagascar Squacco of Madagascar Pond-Heron

Sien ook

Bronnelys

Wiki letter w.svg Hierdie artikel is ’n saadjie. Voel vry om Wikipedia te help deur dit uit te brei.
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Madagaskar-ralreier: Brief Summary ( Afrikaans )

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Die Madagaskar ralreier (ook genoem die Malgassiese ralreier) is 'n seldsame winterbesoeker wat nie in Suid-Afrika broei nie.

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Martinet ros de Madagascar ( Catalan; Valencian )

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El martinet ros de Madagascar[1] (Ardeola idae) és un ocell de la família dels ardèids (Ardeidae) que habita estanys, aiguamolls i manglars de Madagascar i Aldabra. També s'han citat a diversos indrets del continent africà, però sense constatació de cria.

Referències

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Martinet ros de Madagascar Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata
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Martinet ros de Madagascar: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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El martinet ros de Madagascar (Ardeola idae) és un ocell de la família dels ardèids (Ardeidae) que habita estanys, aiguamolls i manglars de Madagascar i Aldabra. També s'han citat a diversos indrets del continent africà, però sense constatació de cria.

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Crëyr melyn Madagasgar ( Welsh )

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Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Crëyr melyn Madagasgar (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: crehyrod melyn Madagasgar) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Ardeola idea; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Malagasy pond heron. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Crehyrod (Lladin: Ardeidae) sydd yn urdd y Ciconiformes.[1]

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn A. idea, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.[2] Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yn Affrica.

Teulu

Mae'r crëyr melyn Madagasgar yn perthyn i deulu'r Crehyrod (Lladin: Ardeidae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:

Rhestr Wicidata:

rhywogaeth enw tacson delwedd Aderyn bwn bach Ixobrychus exilis Aderyn bwn cefn rhesog Ixobrychus involucris
ArdettaInvolucrisKeulemans.jpg
Aderyn bwn du Ixobrychus flavicollis
Black Bittern I IMG 5079.jpg
Aderyn bwn lleiaf Ixobrychus minutus
Ixobrychus minutus -Barcelona, Spain-8.jpg
Aderyn bwn melynllwyd Ixobrychus cinnamomeus
Ixobrychus cinnamomeus Jaunpur.JPG
Aderyn bwn Schrenk Ixobrychus eurhythmus
Ixobrychus eurhythmus by OpenCage.jpg
Aderyn bwn Tsieina Ixobrychus sinensis
Ixobrychus sinensis - Bueng Boraphet.jpg
Butorides striata Butorides striata
Butorides striata - Laem Pak Bia.jpg
Coraderyn bwn Ixobrychus sturmii
BitternDwarf.jpg
Crëyr gwyrdd Butorides virescens
Butorides virescens2.jpg
Crëyr rhesog cochlyd Tigrisoma lineatum
Tigrisoma lineatum.jpg
Crëyr rhesog gyddf-foel Tigrisoma mexicanum
Tigrisoma mexicanum 3.jpg
Crëyr rhesog tywyll Tigrisoma fasciatum
Fasciated tiger heron - Flickr - Lip Kee.jpg
Diwedd y rhestr a gynhyrchwyd yn otomatig o Wicidata.

Gweler hefyd

Cyfeiriadau

  1. Gwefan Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd; adalwyd 30 Medi 2016.
  2. Gwefan Avibase; adalwyd 3 Hydref 2016.
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Crëyr melyn Madagasgar: Brief Summary ( Welsh )

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Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Crëyr melyn Madagasgar (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: crehyrod melyn Madagasgar) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Ardeola idea; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Malagasy pond heron. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Crehyrod (Lladin: Ardeidae) sydd yn urdd y Ciconiformes.

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn A. idea, sef enw'r rhywogaeth. Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yn Affrica.

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Dickschnabelreiher ( German )

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Der Dickschnabelreiher (Ardeola idae) ist eine Art aus der Familie der Reiher, der zur Gattung der Schopfreiher zählt. Er gehört zu den besonders bedrohten Reiherarten. Sein Brutgebiet ist Madagaskar, außerhalb der Brutzeit kommt er auch in Ostafrika vor.

Erscheinungsbild

Wie alle Schopfreiher ist er eine verhältnismäßig kleine Reiherart. Er erreicht eine Körperlänge zwischen 45 und 48 Zentimetern.[1] Es besteht kein Geschlechtsdimorphismus.

Während der Fortpflanzungszeit ist sein Körpergefieder reinweiß. Der Schnabel ist blau und die Beine sind rot. Am Hinterkopf hat er verlängerte Federn, die einen Schopf bilden. Solche verlängerten Federn finden sich auch am Hals, auf dem Rücken und auf der Brust. Diese verleihen dem Dickschnabelreiher ein unscharfes, flauschiges Erscheinungsbild, das für diese Art charakteristisch ist.

Im Ruhekleid weist der Dickschnabelreiher sehr viel Ähnlichkeit mit dem Rallenreiher auf und ist von diesem bei Feldbeobachtungen kaum zu unterscheiden. Außerhalb der Fortpflanzungszeit sind der Ober- und Hinterkopf ockerfarben mit breiten schwarzen Streifen. Der Schnabel ist graugrün und färbt sich erst zur Spitze hin in ein Schwarz um. Die Iris ist gelb. Kopfseiten und Kehle sind gelbbraun mit schmalen braunschwarzen Streifen. Der Rücken ist dunkelbraun mit weißlichen oder gelbbraunen Streifen. Rumpf und Schwanz sind weiß. Die Schwingen dagegen sind weiß, so dass sich im Flugbild ein auffälliger Kontrast ergibt. Jungvögel gleichen den adulten Vögeln in deren Ruhekleid. Die äußeren Schwingen sowie der Schwanz sind jedoch noch dunkel braungrau, was vor allem im Flug erkennbar ist. Der Schnabel ist blass orange.

Verbreitungsgebiet und Bestand

 src=
Verbreitungsgebiet des Dickschnabelreihers

Der Dickschnabelreiher brütet ausschließlich in Madagaskar und auf Aldabra. Außerhalb der Fortpflanzungszeit kommt er auch in Zentral- und Ostafrika vor. In Madagaskar beschränken sich seine Brutvorkommen mittlerweile auf den Westen der Insel. Größere Brutbestände gibt es vor allem noch in der Region von Antananarivo.

Die Winterzeit verbringt er überwiegend in Tansania und Kenia. Sichtungen gibt es außerdem für Uganda, Ruanda, Burundi, Sambia, Kongo, den Nordosten von Mosambik, den Komoren und den Seychellen. Der Zug nach Afrika beginnt im Mai. Im Oktober kehren die Dickschnabelreiher wieder nach Afrika zurück. Einzelne Dickschnabelreiher überwintern auch in Afrika und noch nicht fortpflanzungsfähige Individuen verbleiben während ihres ersten Lebensjahres gelegentlich in den Überwinterungsgebieten.

Der Brutbestand ist in den letzten Jahrzehnten beständig zurückgegangen. Auf Madagaskar war der Dickschnabelreiher in den 1940er Jahren noch häufig und brütete auf der gesamten Insel. Kolonien, die früher mehr als 700 Brutpaare aufwiesen bestehen heute nur noch aus wenigen Dutzend Paaren.[2]

Lebensraum und Lebensweise

Der Lebensraum des Dickschnabelreihers sind kleine Grasmarschen, kleine Seen und Teiche, Ströme, Gräben und Reisfelder. Er ist offensichtlich auf eine unmittelbare Nähe von Bäumen und Sträuchern zu den Gewässerflächen aufgewiesen, was für andere Reiherarten in dieser Form nicht zutrifft.[3] Sein Lebensraum geht zunehmend durch Rodungen und Trockenlegungen verloren. Auch die Umwandlung von Marschland in Reisfelder wirkt sich negativ auf den Bestand dieser Art aus. Anders als dem Rallenreiher gelingt ihm die Anpassung an bewirtschaftete Reisfelder nicht sehr gut. Wie alle anderen Reiher wird auch der Dickschnabelreiher auf Madagaskar bejagt.

Der Dickschnabelreiher sucht seine Nahrung einzeln. Er steht dabei am Gewässerrand oder im Flachwasser oder schreitet sehr langsam sein Nahrungsterritorium ab. Zu seinem Nahrungsspektrum zählen Frösche, Fische und kleine Eidechsen sowie Insekten.

Fortpflanzung

Die Fortpflanzungszeit fällt in den Beginn der Regenzeit auf Madagaskar. Das Nest wird in Bäumen oder Sträuchern errichtet. Es handelt sich um einen Kolonienbrüter, der gemeinsam mit dem Rallenreiher Kolonien von über 1.000 Paaren bilden kann. In einer solchen gemischten Kolonie finden sich die Nester des Dickschnabelreihers gewöhnlich oberhalb der des Rallenreihers. Das Gelege besteht gewöhnlich aus drei bis vier Eiern. Der Legeabstand beträgt bis zu drei Tagen. Gelegentlich kommt es zu Zweitgelegen von Februar bis März. Die Brutzeit beginnt mit der Ablage des letzten Eis und währt etwa 20 Tage. Beide Elternvögel brüten.

Belege

Einzelbelege

  1. Kuhlan et al., S. 246
  2. Kuhlan et al., S. 247
  3. Kuhlan et al., S. 248

Literatur

  • James A. Kushlan & James A. Hancock: Herons. Oxford University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-19-854981-4

Weblinks

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Dickschnabelreiher: Brief Summary ( German )

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Der Dickschnabelreiher (Ardeola idae) ist eine Art aus der Familie der Reiher, der zur Gattung der Schopfreiher zählt. Er gehört zu den besonders bedrohten Reiherarten. Sein Brutgebiet ist Madagaskar, außerhalb der Brutzeit kommt er auch in Ostafrika vor.

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Malagasy pond heron

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The Malagasy pond heron (Ardeola idae), also known as the Madagascar pond heron or Madagascar squacco heron, is a species of heron of the family Ardeidae. They breed in Madagascar, Réunion and the Seychells, and spend the non-breeding season in eastern mainland Africa.[1][2][3] The population is estimated to number only 1,300–4,000 adults and the species is considered endangered.[1]

Taxonomy

The Malagasy pond heron was first described in 1860 by German physician and ornithologist Gustav Hartlaub.[4] The species is monotypic, without distinct subspecies.[4]

Description

Malagasy pond herons grow to 45–50 cm (18–20 in) in height and anywhere from 250–350 g (9–12 oz) in weight.[5] There is not a large variation in weight between the sexes as they are quite similar in bone body structure. feather, eye, and bill colour are determined by life stage (chick, juvenile, and adult) and reproductive status.

The adults appearance can be split into the non-breeding plumage and the breeding stage. When the species is not breeding, the crown and the posterior are a colour mixture of buff and black with brown prominent over the other parts of the body.[6] The bill is predominately green with a black tip whilst the iris is yellow.[6] The flight feathers are clearly seen in flight and for the most part are white. The feathers on the lower mantle and upper scapulars are loosely structured and elongated.[6] Moreover, the lower foreneck feathers are split into fine elongated tips which cover the upper breast.[6]

The primary difference of appearance in the breeding stage is the dominance of a snow white colour over the body a bill of a deep azure blue. [7] When coming out of breeding, an intermediate plumage emerges on the back, and dense plumes sprouting on areas such as the neck and breast.[7]

Prior to adulthood, the Malagasy pond heron will possess a juvenile plumage just before leaving the nest, lasting a few weeks.[5] The juvenile differs from the adult in having a dull orange bill and pale green eyes. The one distinguishing feature of the chick is its thick buff yellow down.[5]

Vocalisation

As they often hide in trees and shrubs at the sight of a human disturbance, distinguishing calls between species is often difficult. The Malagasy pond heron possesses two calls: a flight call and a burr call. The flight call has a duration of 0.5 s and is used at 5 second intervals as a means to keep distances between other birds in flight.[8] The burr call is used when rival herons approach the nest.[8]

Distribution and habitat

The Malagasy pond herons breed in Madagascar, Réunion and the Seychelles. During the non-breeding season, they migrate to eastern mainland Africa, in Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, DR Congo, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Mozambique.[1][2] In Madagascar, some of the locations where commonly observed include Lake Alarobia and Tsimbazaza Park (both near Antananarivo), wetlands around Ampijoroa and at Berenty.[3] As a result, their estimated area of occurrence is 553,000 km2 (214,000 sq mi). They occupy a broad range of Madagascan habitats that include small grassy marshes, lakes, ponds, streams, and rice fields.[3] Those that populate the Aldabra region are commonly located in mangroves, inland pools, and lagoon shores.[9] It can be found from sea level to elevation levels up to 1,800 metres (6,000 ft).[1]

Behaviour

One of the key behavioural habits of the Malagasy pond heron is its yearly migratory pattern.[10] It migrates from Madagascar to the eastern mainland of Africa in May and journeys back to its breeding range in October.[10] Those that have not matured into adult life remain in the non-breeding areas, as there is no benefit in travelling to the breeding zone.

In terms of interaction, this species is very territorial and communication with other rival birds is limited.[9] As such, they will remain at least 10 m (30 ft) apart if nesting or in flight due to their inconspicuous nature.[9] One observation found two Malagasy pond herons fighting, grasping at each other's bills in the motion of flight. In Africa, instances such as this are scarce as there is rarely more than two on the same body of water.

Nesting tends to be done along the coast and foraging for food is performed well inland, away from the nests.[11] In fact, the closest that an individual heron will get to another apart from breeding is during roosting in their nests. Habitat degradation has resulted in closer roosting and has become integrated with other heron species such as cattle egrets and squacco herons.[12]

Diet

There is very limited knowledge on the feeding habits of the Madagascan pond heron, but it is thought to feed mostly on fishes, aquatic insects and small invertebrates.[6] They may opportunistically eat crustaceans, frogs, toads, mollusks (snails, slugs, etc.), worms, caterpillars (and other larval insects), and even terrestrial reptiles, such as pygmy or juvenile chameleons, skinks and geckos. A small study, of a single Malagasy heron in Madagascar, showed a varied diet that included fish, crustaceans, frogs, dragonflies, beetles and grasshoppers.[13] Amphibians are, for the most part, absent on islands such as Aldabra and Mayotte, so feeding on them is not necessarily an option in those locations.

Threats

The main threat for survival of this species is the continual loss of habitat due to the clearing, drainage, and conversion of their wetland environments to rice fields.[5] Moreover, the exploitation of eggs and young is prevalent at many of the breeding sites poses generational problems.[14] As a result, their population has declined dramatically over the last 50 years. However, a recently established resource management process labelled GELOSE has helped significantly decrease activity in this species habitat.[15]

An equally dangerous threat to their survival is competition with the squacco heron, which is spreading vigorously and seems to be more adaptable to man-made structures and icons that encroach on their habitat.[8] This form of heron greatly outnumbers the Malagasy pond heron in Madagascar and appears to have increased while endemic species has declined.[8] Although they are vastly outnumbered, the Malagasy pond heron is presumed to dominate in the interspecific interactions.

Breeding

The breeding of the Malagasy pond heron is colonial, meaning that a large congregation occurs at a particular location for mating. However, both colony size and location numbers have dwindled over the past thirty years. Colony size has dropped from 700 individuals to around 50 whilst breeding locations are limited to only a few colony sites.[16] In Madagascar, colonies are located in phragmite reedbeds, typha, papyrus and Cyprus stands with coastal islands also being of extreme importance.[12] Moreover, breeding in Madagascar has resulted in a mixed colony of heron species that include the black-crowned night heron, little egret, cattle egret, great egret, and the squacco heron.[17] The largest colony of the Malagasy pond heron on record was around 500 pairs in Imerimanjaka Cyperus marsh, near Antananarivo.[18] These 500 pairs were also mixed with 1,500 pairs of squacco herons, resulting in the largest breeding colony of African herons in 1940.[18] Unfortunately, current day pairs usually never exceed 10.

Like many other bird species, the Malagasy pond heron faces an abundance of predators and as such must nest in trees and bushes in hard-to-access ponds and marshes. The main predator of this heron include the various species of crocodile that inhabit the range and also snakes, should they grow large enough. To ward off ground threats, the breeding nests are built 1 to 4 metres above the ground.[19] Should the population colony be mixed with other avian species, they will always occupy the higher nests.[12]

Breeding usually starts in the month of October and can extend through to March should the heron be able to lay two clutches.[7] On the coral atoll of Aldabra, breeding increases markedly when the rains arrive during November and December.[20] Whilst the Malagasy pond heron has a large range of habitat, it will only breed in Madagascar and the aforementioned Aldabra. In Madagascar, the area to the west near Antananarivo is the preferred breeding location whereas the nature conservation sites of Ile aux Aigrettes and Ile aux Cedres of Aldabra are used.[20]

Successful breeding usually results from appropriate courtship displays, which include features such as aerial chases, duets, and crest raising. The incubation period is similar across all the breeding ranges and lasts anywhere from 21–25 days.[5] Normal young possess a green down which can be observed about 2 weeks after hatching, which is when they leave the nest for the first time.[19]

Conservation status

The conservation status of the Malagasy pond heron has changed dramatically over the last few decades. In 1988, this species was classified as near threatened according to IUCN's red list, but continued pressure on the population resulted in a move to the vulnerable category in 2000.[21] In 2016, it was further upgraded to endangered. The main threats are collection of eggs and young at their breeding colonies and degradation of their wetland habitats.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f BirdLife International (2016). "Ardeola idae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22697143A93601278. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22697143A93601278.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b Kushlan, James; Hafner, Heinz, eds. (2000). Heron conservation. San Diego: Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-430130-6.
  3. ^ a b c Dee, T. J. (1988). The Endemic Birds of Madagascar. Cambridge: ICBP. ISBN 978-0-946888-09-2.
  4. ^ a b Newton, Alfred (November 1877). "Hartlaub's "Birds of Madagascar"". Nature. 17 (418): 9. doi:10.1038/017009b0. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 4119146.
  5. ^ a b c d e Kushlan, James A.; Hancock, James A. (14 July 2005). Herons. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-854981-9.
  6. ^ a b c d e Morris, Pete; Hawkins, Frank (1998). Birds of Madagascar: A Photographic Guide. Yale University Press. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-300-07755-1.
  7. ^ a b c Salvan, J. (1972). "Statut, recensement, reproduction des oiseaux dulçaquicoles aux environs de Tananarive". L'Oiseau et RFO (in French). 42: 35–5.
  8. ^ a b c d Ndang’ang’a, P.K.; Sande, E., eds. (2008). International Single Species Action Plan for the Madagascar Pond-heron (Ardeola idae). Convention on Migratory Species. Bonn, Germany.
  9. ^ a b c Benson, C. W.; Penny, M. J. (1971). "The Land Birds of Aldabra". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. 260 (836): 417–527. doi:10.1098/rstb.1971.0021. ISSN 0080-4622. JSTOR 2417073.
  10. ^ a b Goodman, Steven; Patterson, Bruce (1 January 1996). Natural Change and Human Impact in Madagascar. Vol. 7. ISBN 978-1-56098-683-6.
  11. ^ Wilmé, Lucienne; Jacquet, Cyril (29 December 2002). "Census of waterbirds and herons nesting at Tsarasaotra (Alarobia), Antananarivo, during the second semester of 2001". Working Group on Birds in the Madagascar Region Newsletter. 10: 14–21.
  12. ^ a b c Burger, Joanna; Gochfeld, Michael (1990). "Vertical Nest Stratification in a Herony in Madagascar". Colonial Waterbirds. 13 (2): 143–146. doi:10.2307/1521583. ISSN 0738-6028. JSTOR 1521583.
  13. ^ Hustler, K.; Marshall, B. E. (1 March 1996). "The Abundance and Food Consumption of Piscivorous Birds on Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe-Zambia". Ostrich. 67 (1): 23–32. doi:10.1080/00306525.1996.9633777. ISSN 0030-6525.
  14. ^ Dodman, T. (2002). "Waterbird population estimates in Africa". Wetlands International Consultation Draft.
  15. ^ Razafimanjato, G.; Sam, T. S.; Thorstrom, R. (1 September 2007). "Waterbird Monitoring in the Antsalova Region, Western Madagascar" (PDF). Waterbirds. 30 (3): 441–447. doi:10.1675/1524-4695(2007)030[0441:WMITAR]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 1524-4695.
  16. ^ Collar, N. J.; Crosby, M. J.; Stattersfield, A. J. (1994). Birds to Watch 2: The World List of Threatened Birds. BirdLife Conservation Series. Cambridge; Washington, D.C: BirdLife International and Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 978-1-56098-528-0.
  17. ^ Kushlan, J. (2008). Conserving Herons. Arles, France: Tour du Valat.
  18. ^ a b Milon, P. (1949). "Les crabiers de la campagne de Tananarive" (PDF). Naturaliste Malgache (in French). 1: 3–9.
  19. ^ a b Langrand, Olivier (1990). Guide to the Birds of Madagascar. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-04310-5.
  20. ^ a b Bunbury, Nancy (January 2014). "Distribution, seasonality and habitat preferences of the endangered Madagascar Pond-heron Ardeola idae on Aldabra Atoll: 2009-2012". Ibis. 156 (1): 233–235. doi:10.1111/ibi.12110. ISSN 0019-1019.
  21. ^ Boere, G. C.; Galbraith, Colin A.; Stroud, David A. (2006). Waterbirds Around the World: A Global Overview of the Conservation, Management and Research of the World's Waterbird Flyways. The Stationery Office. ISBN 978-0-11-497333-9.
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Malagasy pond heron: Brief Summary

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The Malagasy pond heron (Ardeola idae), also known as the Madagascar pond heron or Madagascar squacco heron, is a species of heron of the family Ardeidae. They breed in Madagascar, Réunion and the Seychells, and spend the non-breeding season in eastern mainland Africa. The population is estimated to number only 1,300–4,000 adults and the species is considered endangered.

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Madagaskara ralardeo ( Esperanto )

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La Madagaskara ralardeo (Ardeola idae), konata ankaŭ kiel Madagaskara ardeo, estas birdospecio de ardeo nome de la familio de Ardeedoj[1][2] kaj grupo de la ralardeoj.

Aspekto

Reprodukta plenkreskulo (45 al 48 cm longa) estas blankeca kun sablokolora al flaveca nuanco en flugiloj kaj ĉefe en brusto. La krono esta strieca, la irisoj flavaj kaj la beko tre longa, pintakra kaj tre blua kun nigra pinto. Ne estas seksa duformismo.

Disvastiĝo

 src=
Tutmonda distribuado: flave reproduktejoj, blue vintrejoj.

Ĝi troviĝas en sudcentra kaj orienta subsahara Afriko nome en Angolo, Burundio, Komoroj, Demokratia Respubliko Kongo, Kenjo, Madagaskaro, Malavio, Mozambiko, Ruando, Reunio, Sejŝeloj, Somalio, Tanzanio, Ugando, Zambio, kaj Zimbabvo. Fakte la specio reproduktiĝas nur en la tuta okcidenta Madagaskaro kaj apudaj insularoj kaj migras vintre al la kontinento ĉefe al norda Mozambiko kaj tuta Tanzanio. La unuvintruloj ne revenas post la vintro, nur por la dua jaro.

Ties natura habitato estas subtropikaj aŭ tropikaj mangrovaj arbaroj, ĝangaloj, riveroj, nesalakvaj lagoj, nesalakvaj marĉoj, akvejoj de estuaroj, kaj plugebla tero (rizkampoj). Ĉiukaze estu multa akva vegetaĵaro por kaŝiĝi el eventualaj danĝeroj. Ili manĝas fiŝojn, ranojn kaj malgrandajn insektojn.

Kiel ĉe plej ardeoj ili ne emas kunvivi grupe, pro kio ĝenerale ĝi vidiĝas sola aŭ en paro.

La reprodukta sezono ekas februare al marte. La ino demetas 3 al 4 ovojn. Kovado daŭras ĉirkaŭ 20 tagojn.

Konservostatuso

Ĝi troviĝas en formorta danĝero pro la degradado kaj perdo de ties habitatoj kaj pro troa ĉasado.[3] Ĉirkaŭkalkulata populacio estas 2,000-6,000 individuoj enkalkulinte kaj maturulojn kaj nematurulojn.

Referencoj

  1. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, kaj C. L. Wood. 2010. The Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.5. Cornell University Press. Elŝutebla el Laboratorio Cornell de Ornitologio
  2. Peterson, A. P. 2010. Birds of the World -- current valid scientific avian names. Konsultita en januaro de 2011.
  3. iucn

Bibliografio

  • James A. Kushlan & James A. Hancock: Herons. Oxford University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-19-854981-4

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Madagaskara ralardeo: Brief Summary ( Esperanto )

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La Madagaskara ralardeo (Ardeola idae), konata ankaŭ kiel Madagaskara ardeo, estas birdospecio de ardeo nome de la familio de Ardeedoj kaj grupo de la ralardeoj.

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Ardeola idae ( Spanish; Castilian )

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La garcilla malgache (Ardeola idae) es una especie de ave pelecaniforme de la familia Ardeidae[1][2]​ originaria de Madagascar e islas vecinas, y el centro-este de África.[3]

Historia natural

Se le puede ver en zonas de agua salobre como manglares y estuarios con mucha vegetación acuática para esconderse de posibles peligros. Se alimenta de peces e insectos pequeños.

Como la mayoría de las otras especies de las garzas no le gusta convivir en grupo, por lo que por lo general se la ve sola o en pareja.

Estado de conservación

Se encuentra en peligro de extinción por la degradación y pérdida de sus hábitats y por su caza indiscriminada.[3]

Referencias

  1. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2010. The Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.5. Cornell University Press. Downloadable from Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  2. Peterson, A. P. 2010. Birds of the World -- current valid scientific avian names. Consultado en enero de 2011.
  3. a b BirdLife International 2008. Ardeola idae. In: IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
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Ardeola idae: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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La garcilla malgache (Ardeola idae) es una especie de ave pelecaniforme de la familia Ardeidae​​ originaria de Madagascar e islas vecinas, y el centro-este de África.​

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Ardeola idae ( Basque )

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Ardeola idae Ardeola generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Ardeidae familian sailkatua dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)BirdLife International (2012) Species factsheet. www.birdlife.org webgunetitik jaitsia 2012/05/07an
  2. (Ingelesez) IOC Master List

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Ardeola idae: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Ardeola idae Ardeola generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Ardeidae familian sailkatua dago.

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Crabier blanc ( French )

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Ardeola idae

Le Crabier blanc (Ardeola idae), aussi appelé Crabier malgache, Héron crabier blanc ou Héron crabier de Madagascar, est une espèce d'oiseaux de la famille des Ardeidae.

Morphologie

C'est un petit héron de 48 cm ne présentant pas de dimorphisme sexuel.

Plumage nuptial

Lors de la saison de reproduction le plumage est entièrement blanc. Il présente des plumes lancéolées au-dessus de la tête et de longues plumes ornementales aux barbes fines et séparées au niveau de la poitrine. Son bec est caractérisé par la couleur bleu vif à pointe noire. Il possède des lores verdâtres à iris jaune. Ses tarses sont de couleur rose et les doigts rougeâtres[1].

Plumage non nuptial

En dehors de la saison de la reproduction, les côtés de la tête et de la gorge sont un peu jaunes striés de brun noir. la couleur est un peu sombre, le bec est un peu gris teinté de vert, à pointe noire[2].

Plumage immature

L'immature diffère de l'adulte en plumage internuptial par les rémiges externes et la queue fortement marquées de brun noir. Le bec est orange à pointe noire. Les iris sont vert pâle.

Comportement

Espèce discrète, que l’on observe le plus souvent à l’affût en solitaire, plus rarement en petits groupes de trois à huit individus. Son activité est principalement diurne et plus particulièrement centrée sur les heures matinales et crépusculaires. Il se tient le plus souvent immobile en lisière de la végétation aquatique, souvent un peu dissimulé, sur la végétation flottante ou dans l’eau peu profonde. Il est grégaire sur les sites de repos, et souvent associé à d’autres espèces d’Ardeidae[1].

Alimentation

Il se nourrit principalement de batraciens et de poissons, mais aussi d'insectes et d'autres petits invertébrés.

Reproduction

Il niche en colonies, souvent en compagnie d'autres espèces de hérons, en particulier : Bihoreau gris, Crabier chevelu, Héron garde-bœufs et Aigrette dimorphe[1]. La saison de reproduction a lieu de octobre en mars. Madagascar est son principal site de nidification. La ponte est de 2 à 3 quatre œufs verdâtres généralement. L'incubation est assurée par les deux sexes et dure environ 20 jours [2].

Habitat

On le rencontre dans les zones humides telles que les lacs, rizières, marais, cours d’eau, mangrove ou les bords de mer. Il niche souvent près des autres familles d’Ardeidae (Hawkins, 1998). Le nid est constitué de brindilles entrelacées, construit à faible hauteur (entre 0,5 et 1,5 m de hauteur) sur un arbuste, ou dans un buisson, situé près de l’eau (Langrand., 1995). Quand il est dérangé, il se réfugie dans les arbres près des plans d’eau. (AEWA, 2008). On peut l’observer jusqu’à 1 800 m d’altitude. (Langrand., 1995)[2].

Répartition et population

La population actuelle[3] du Crabier blanc est estimée à 2 000-6 000 individus (adultes et juvéniles confondus)[2].

Cette espèce niche à Madagascar, sur l'île d'Aldabra (depuis 1967), aux Seychelles, à Mayotte et sur l'île de La Réunion. Elle hiverne dans divers pays du centre et de l'Est de l'Afrique (Comores, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Zambie, Malawi, Tanzanie, Kenya, Ouganda, Burundi, Rwanda et République démocratique du Congo)[4].

 src=
Aire de répartition du Crabier blanc

Migration

Cet oiseau migre entre ses sites d'hivernage en Afrique centrale et de l'Est et son site de nidification (Madagascar). Certains individus peuvent hiverner à Madagascar, mais toujours loin des sites de nidification. Les jeunes de l'année précédente restent en général sur le continent africain pendant la saison de nidification.

Certains individus erratiques ont été signalés aux Comores et aux Seychelles[5],[6].

Le Crabier blanc et l'Homme

Statut et préservation

Les principales menaces pour le Crabier blanc sont la destruction de son habitat et le ramassage de ses œufs.

Cette espèce est protégée par l'AEWA, qui l'a classée depuis 2002 dans la catégorie A1 b et c (populations très menacées (moins de 10 000 individus))[7].

L'UICN a classé cette espèce dans la catégorie EN C2 (Population en danger contenant moins de 2 500 individus adultes et présentant un déclin continu)[8].

Cet oiseau est aussi protégé par la Convention de Bonn (CMS) qui, devant l'urgence de la situation, a fait en 2006 passer cette espèce de l'annexe II (espèces menacées) à l'annexe I (espèces en danger d'extinction)[9]. Un Plan National d'Action (PNA) est actuellement en place sur l'île française de Mayotte où un suivi régulier de la population de crabiers est effectuée (l'originalité du suivi réside dans le comptage des nids et des individus par drone en tant que méthode non invasive)[10].

Voir aussi

Notes et références

  1. a b et c Langrand O. (1995) Guide des Oiseaux de Madagascar. Delachaux & Niestlé, Lausanne, Paris, 415 p.
  2. a b c et d Randrianarimanana C. (2012) Capitalisation des informations sur le Héron Crabier de Madagascar. IFT & Asity Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
  3. en 2006
  4. BirdLife International 2007
  5. del Hoyo J., Elliott A., Sargatal J. (1992)
  6. GROMS 2007
  7. AEWA 2007
  8. (en) Référence UICN : espèce Ardeola idae (Hartlaub, 1860) (consulté le 24 mars 2012)
  9. UNEP-WCMC 2007
  10. « Plan national d'action en faveur du crabier blanc de Mayotte », sur Pôle-relais Zones Humides, 24 décembre 2015

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Crabier blanc: Brief Summary ( French )

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Ardeola idae

Le Crabier blanc (Ardeola idae), aussi appelé Crabier malgache, Héron crabier blanc ou Héron crabier de Madagascar, est une espèce d'oiseaux de la famille des Ardeidae.

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Ardeola idae ( Italian )

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La sgarza del Madagascar (Ardeola idae Hartlaub, 1860) è un uccello della famiglia degli Ardeidi[3].

Descrizione

Come tutte le sgarze, anche la sgarza del Madagascar è un airone di dimensioni relativamente piccole. Raggiunge una lunghezza del corpo di 45–48 cm[4]. Non presenta dimorfismo sessuale.

Durante la stagione degli amori, il piumaggio del corpo appare bianco candido. Il becco è blu e le zampe sono di colore rosso. Sul dorso le piume si allungano a formare una sorta di ciuffo. Penne similmente allungate si trovano anche sul collo, sulla schiena e sul petto. Queste conferiscono alla sgarza del Madagascar un aspetto curioso e simpatico, caratteristico di questa specie.

Il piumaggio della sgarza del Madagascar non si discosta molto da quello della sgarza ciuffetto, e nelle osservazioni sul campo le due specie si distinguono difficilmente. Al di fuori della stagione riproduttiva, le parti superiore e posteriore della testa sono color ocra con larghe strisce nere. Il becco è grigio-verde con la punta nera. L'iride è gialla. I lati della testa e della gola sono di colore marrone-giallastro con sottili strisce bruno-nerastre. Il dorso è marrone con striature biancastre o bruno-giallastre scure. Il tronco e la coda sono bianchi. Le ali, tuttavia, sono bianche, e quando l'uccello è in volo si viene a creare un forte contrasto nella colorazione. Gli esemplari giovani somigliano agli adulti nel piumaggio invernale. Tuttavia, possiedono il margine esterno delle ali e la coda di colore marrone scuro o grigio, che è particolarmente evidente in volo. Il becco è arancione chiaro.

Distribuzione e habitat

La sgarza del Madagascar nidifica, nella stagione estiva, esclusivamente in Madagascar e nelle isole di Aldabra (Seychelles), Mayotte (Comore) e Europa[1]. Al di fuori della stagione riproduttiva, è presente anche in Africa centrale e orientale. In Madagascar, dove nidifica oltre il 90% della popolazione esistente, il suo areale si concentra nelle zone umide della parte occidentale dell'isola.

I suoi siti di svernamento si estendono soprattutto in Tanzania e Kenya. Ci sono stati avvistamenti di esemplari anche in Uganda, Ruanda, Burundi, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Congo, Mozambico, Comore e Seychelles.
Segnalata accidentalmente in Angola, Somalia e Yemen.[1]

Le sgarze migrano verso ovest, in Africa, in maggio, per poi fare ritorno nei terreni di nidificazione in ottobre. Durante il primo anno di vita, trascorrono il periodo destinato alla riproduzione nei loro terreni di svernamento.

La popolazione nidificante è diminuita costantemente nel corso degli ultimi decenni. In Madagascar, la specie era comune e presente in tutta l'isola ancora negli anni '40. Tuttavia, colonie che in precedenza ospitavano più di 700 coppie nidificanti ora sono ridotte a poche decine di coppie[4].

Biologia

La sgarza del Madagascar ha abitudini migratorie. Nidifica tra ottobre e marzo con un picco agli inizi della stagione delle piogge, in novembre e dicembre. Durante la stagione degli amori le sgarze si radunano a costituire delle colonie, che in passato potevano comprendere anche 1000 coppie l'una, ma che ora comprendono generalmente un numero di esemplari molto più piccolo, al quale spesso si uniscono individui nidificanti appartenenti ad altre specie.

La sgarza del Madagascar va in cerca di nutrimento da sola. Si nutre di pesci, insetti e piccoli invertebrati, nonché di rane e piccoli rettili, come scinchi e gechi.

Nidifica su alberi e arbusti o in prossimità di paludi, laghi o stagni. Ad Aldabra nidifica anche tra le mangrovie. Il nido è una pesante struttura fatta di ramoscelli, che generalmente si trova a un'altezza di 0,5–4 m dal suolo; nel caso la specie nidifichi in una colonia mista con esemplari di sgarza ciuffetto, occupa i siti di nidificazione più elevati. Ciascuna nidiata comprende di solito 3 uova, che vengono covate per circa 20 giorni. I giovani sono in grado di nutrirsi da soli a 4 settimane di età[1].

Conservazione

La popolazione nidificante in Madagascar è stimata intorno ai 2000-6000 esemplari, mentre ad Aldabra nidificano 20-50 coppie (scese dalle 100 coppie che vi erano state censite nel 1970). Un numero esiguo di coppie si rinviene anche a Mayotte (10-20 coppie) e a Europa (15 coppie). Negli ultimi 50 anni la popolazione ha subito un costante declino, dovuto prevalentemente alla deforestazione e alla bonifica di aree che sono state convertite in risaie, e la IUCN Red List dal 2000 la classifica come specie in pericolo di estinzione (Endangered)[1].

Note

  1. ^ a b c d e (EN) BirdLife International 2012, Ardeola idae, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ Kushlan JA and Hancock JA, Herons, Oxford University Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-19-854981-9.
  3. ^ (EN) Gill F. and Donsker D. (eds), Family Ardeidae, in IOC World Bird Names (ver 9.2), International Ornithologists’ Union, 2019. URL consultato il 15 luglio 2014.
  4. ^ a b James A. Kushlan & James A. Hancock: Herons. Oxford University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-19-854981-4

Bibliografia

  • Morris P. & Hawkins F., Birds of Madagascar: A Photographic Guide, Mountfield, UK, Pica Press, 1998, p.316, ISBN 1-873403-45-3.

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Ardeola idae: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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La sgarza del Madagascar (Ardeola idae Hartlaub, 1860) è un uccello della famiglia degli Ardeidi.

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Madagaskarinis kūdrinis garnys ( Lithuanian )

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Binomas Ardeola idae
 src=
Madagaskarinio kūdrinio garnio paplitimas

Madagaskarinis kūdrinis garnys (lot. Ardeola idae) – garninių (Ardeidae) šeimos paukštis.

Išvaizda

Smulkus garninis paukštis, kūno ilgis – 45 – 48 cm. Pakaušis tamsiai geltonas, išmargintas juodais dryžiais. Snapas žaliai pilkas, snapo galiukas juodas. Rainelė geltona. Plikos odos plotas tarp snapo ir akių žalias. Galvos šonai ir gerklė tamsiai geltona, išmarginta siaurais, juosvai rudais dryžiais. Nugara ruda, išmarginta baltais arba tamsiai geltonais dryžiais. Pasturgalis ir uodega balti. Sparnai rudi, išmarginti tamsiai geltonais ar baltais dryžiais. Plasnojamosios plunksnos baltos. Kojos žaliai geltonos arba žaliai pilkai.

Veisimosi metu keičia savo apdarą. Kuodas tankus. Nugara, kaklas, kakta ir krūtinė balti, plunksnų danga tanki. Snapas žydras, snapo galiukas juodas. Rainelė geltona. Plikos odos plotas tarp snapo ir akių žalias, Kojos rožinės, kojų pirštai žali.

Jauniklių plasnojamosios plunksnos ir uodega juosvai rudos. Rainelė žalia. Snapas oranžinis, galiukas tamsesnis.

Paplitimas

Paplitęs Rytų ir Centrinėje Afrikoje. Veisiasi Madagaskare ir Seišeliuose.

Biologija

Biotopas – nedidukai, žole apžėlę raistai, ežeriukai, tvenkiniai, upeliai, grioviai ir ryžių laukai. Visada šalia medžių ir krūmų.

Migrantas. Gegužės mėnesį traukia į Madagaskarą, grįžta spalio mėnesį. Kai kurie suaugę ir pirmų metų jaunikliai pasilieka Madagaskare[2].

Minta žuvimi, varlėmis, smulkiais ropliais (scinkais, gekonais) ir vabzdžiais (žiogais, vabalais). Grobio ieško pavieniai. Vengia atvirų vietų. Pajutęs pavojų slepiasi artimiausiuose medžiuose ar krūmuose.

Veisiasi 1000 porų kolonijose, dažnai, kartu su geltonaisias garniais. Lizdai yra medžiuose, krūmuose, aukščiau už geltonųjų garnių lizdus. Griozdiškas lizdas kraunamas iš šakų. Dėtyje 3 – 4 žalsvai balti kiaušiniai. Kiaušinius padeda 3 dienų bėgyje. Inkubacija trunka 20 dienų. Peri abu tėvai. Patinas peri nuo ryto iki vidurdienio. Jaunikliai maitinami atrytu maistu. 4 savaičių jaunikliai palieka lizdą.

Kartos trukmė 5 metai.

Apsauga

Pasaulinės gamtos apsaugos organizacijos duomenimis rūšis yra nykstanti. Populiacijoje yra 2 000-6 000 suaugusių individų. Pagrindinė populiacijos mažėjimo priežastis – ryžių auginimui tinkamų laukų paruošimas paukščių buveinėse. Rūšies apsaugos priemonės:

Šaltiniai

  1. „Pasaulinės gamtos apsaugos organizacijos raudonasis sąrašas - Ardeola idae“. Pasaulinė gamtos apsaugos organizacija. anglų k.
  2. „Ardeola idae“. Heron Conservation, anglų k.

Vikiteka

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Madagaskarinis kūdrinis garnys: Brief Summary ( Lithuanian )

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 src= Madagaskarinio kūdrinio garnio paplitimas

Madagaskarinis kūdrinis garnys (lot. Ardeola idae) – garninių (Ardeidae) šeimos paukštis.

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Madagaskarralreiger ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Vogels

De Madagaskarralreiger (Ardeola idae) is een bedreigde vogel uit de familie der reigers (Ardeidae).

Kenmerken

De vogel meet zo'n 45 tot 48 centimeter en heeft een gedrongen postuur. Zijn verenkleed is in het broedseizoen zuiver wit met lange kuifveren op de kop. De snavel is blauw en de poten zijn rood.

Buiten het broedseizoen zijn de boven- en achterkant van de kop oker met brede zwarte strepen. De snavel is grijsgroen met een zwart uiteinde. De iris is geel. Zijkanten van het hoofd en de keel zijn geelbruin tot zwartbruin met smalle stroken. De rug is donkerbruin met wit of geelbruine strepen. Romp en staart zijn wit. De onderkant van de vleugels is wit, wat in de vlucht een opvallend contrast oplevert. Jonge vogels lijken op de volwassen vogels in hun winterkleed. De vleugels zijn blauwgrijs, de snavel is oranje.

Voeding en habitat

De Madagaskarreiger voedt zich met kikkers, vissen, kleine hagedissen en insecten waar hij vanaf de kant of in ondiep water op jaagt in draslanden, meren, vijvers, beken, sloten en rijstvelden. Ontbossing en het omzetten van draslanden naar rijstvelden hebben een negatief effect op het voortbestaan van deze soort. De broedpopulaties zijn hierdoor in de laatste decennia gestaat afgenomen. Kolonies die voorheen nog honderden broedparen bevatten, bestaan tegenwoordig nog slechts uit enkele tientallen paren.

Broed

Het broedseizoen vangt aan aan het begin van het regenseizoen in Madagaskar. Het nest van takken wordt gebouwd in bomen of struiken op een hoogte van een halve tot vier meter in kolonies samen met de ralreiger. Het vrouwtje legt gewoonlijk drie tot vier eieren over een periode van maximaal drie dagen. De eieren komen na 20 dagen uit. Beide ouders broeden en voeden de jongen.

Verspreiding

De Madagaskarreiger broedt enkel op Madagaskar, op de Seychellen en op Réunion, buiten het broedszeizoen komt hij voor op de Comoren, in Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi, Tanzania, Kenia, Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda en Congo-Kinshasa en als dwaalgast in Angola, Somalië en Yemen. Op de internationale IUCN-lijst is hij geclassificeerd als bedreigd.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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Madagaskarralreiger: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De Madagaskarralreiger (Ardeola idae) is een bedreigde vogel uit de familie der reigers (Ardeidae).

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Prydhegre ( Norwegian )

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Prydhegre (Ardeola idae) er en fugl i hegrefamilien.

Inndeling

Inndelingen under følger HBW Alive og er i henhold til Martínez-Vilalta & Motis (2018).[1] Norske navn på artene følger Norsk navnekomité for fugl og er i henhold til Syvertsen et al. (2008, 2017).[2][3] Navn og beskrivelser i parentes er ikke offisielle, men kun foreløpige beskrivelser.

Treliste
Noter
  • A. brachyrhyncha og A. plumifera ble tidligere regnet som underarter av A. intermedia (duskhegre), men disse er nå skilt ut som selvstendige arter. De er imidlertid ikke navngitt på norsk enda.
  • Kritthegre og hvithalshegre ble tidligere av og til regnet til Ardea, men disse er nå plassert i Egretta

Referanser

  1. ^ Martínez-Vilalta, A. & Motis, A. (2018). Herons (Ardeidae). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from https://www.hbw.com/node/52203 on 6 June 2018).
  2. ^ Syvertsen, P. O., Ree, V., Hansen, O. B., Syvertsen, Ø., Bergan, M., Kvam, H., Viker, M. & Axelsen, T. 2008. Virksomheten til Norsk navnekomité for fugl (NNKF) 1990-2008. Norske navn på verdens fugler. Norsk Ornitologisk Forening. www.birdlife.no (publisert 22.5.2008). Besøkt 2016-08-07
  3. ^ Syvertsen, P.O., M. Bergan, O.B. Hansen, H. Kvam, V. Ree og Ø. Syvertsen 2017: Ny verdensliste med norske fuglenavn. Norsk Ornitologisk Forenings hjemmesider: http://www.birdlife.no/fuglekunnskap/navn/om.php

Eksterne lenker

ornitologistubbDenne ornitologirelaterte artikkelen er foreløpig kort eller mangelfull, og du kan hjelpe Wikipedia ved å utvide den.
Det finnes mer utfyllende artikkel/artikler på .
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Prydhegre: Brief Summary ( Norwegian )

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Prydhegre (Ardeola idae) er en fugl i hegrefamilien.

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Czapla malgaska ( Polish )

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Czapla malgaska (Ardeola idae) – gatunek migrującego ptaka z rodziny czaplowatych (Ardeidae). Występuje w Angoli, Burundi, Kongu, Kenii, Malawi, Mozambiku, Rwandzie, Somalii, Tanzanii, Ugandzie, Zambii i Zimbabwe oraz na wyspach Bahamach, Komorach, Madagaskarze, Majotcie, Reunion i Seszelach. Na siedliska wybiera subtropikalne i tropikalne lasy namorzynowe, rzeki, jeziora, bagna, zbiorniki wodne i żyzne pola.

Przypisy

  1. Ardeola idae, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. Madagascar Pond-heron (Ardeola idae) (ang.). IBC: The Internet Bird Collection. [dostęp 19 grudnia 2010].
  3. Ardeola idae. Czerwona księga gatunków zagrożonych (IUCN Red List of Threatened Species) (ang.).
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Czapla malgaska: Brief Summary ( Polish )

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Czapla malgaska (Ardeola idae) – gatunek migrującego ptaka z rodziny czaplowatych (Ardeidae). Występuje w Angoli, Burundi, Kongu, Kenii, Malawi, Mozambiku, Rwandzie, Somalii, Tanzanii, Ugandzie, Zambii i Zimbabwe oraz na wyspach Bahamach, Komorach, Madagaskarze, Majotcie, Reunion i Seszelach. Na siedliska wybiera subtropikalne i tropikalne lasy namorzynowe, rzeki, jeziora, bagna, zbiorniki wodne i żyzne pola.

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Garça-caranguejeira-de-madagascar ( Portuguese )

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A Garça caranguejeira de Madagascar (Ardeola idae) é uma espécie de ave da família Ardeidae.

Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Angola, Bahamas, Burundi, Comores, República Democrática do Congo, Quénia, Madagáscar, Malawi, Mayotte, Moçambique, Ruanda, Reunião, Seychelles, Somália, Tanzânia, Uganda, Zâmbia e Zimbabwe.

Os seus habitats naturais são: florestas de mangal tropicais ou subtropicais, rios, lagos de água doce, marismas de água doce, águas estuarinas e terras aráveis.

Referências

  1. «Storks, ibis & herons». IOC World Bird List v 6.4 (em inglês). Consultado em 23 de dezembro de 2016
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Garça-caranguejeira-de-madagascar: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

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A Garça caranguejeira de Madagascar (Ardeola idae) é uma espécie de ave da família Ardeidae.

Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Angola, Bahamas, Burundi, Comores, República Democrática do Congo, Quénia, Madagáscar, Malawi, Mayotte, Moçambique, Ruanda, Reunião, Seychelles, Somália, Tanzânia, Uganda, Zâmbia e Zimbabwe.

Os seus habitats naturais são: florestas de mangal tropicais ou subtropicais, rios, lagos de água doce, marismas de água doce, águas estuarinas e terras aráveis.

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Madagaskarrallhäger ( Swedish )

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Madagaskarrallhäger[2] (Ardeola idae) är en fågel i familjen hägrar inom ordningen pelikanfåglar.[3]

Utseende

 src=
Madagaskarrallhäger övervintrande i Kenya.

Madagaskarrallhägern är en liten vit häger, 45-48 cm. I häckningsdräkt är den helvit med lång tofs och plymer från skapularerna samt med mörkspetsat blå näbb. Benen är rödaktiga. Utanför häckningstid har den en mörkbrun hätta och är lika mörkbrunt strimmig på manteln och undersidan. Den hittas ensam eller i smågrupper, ofta tillsammans med rallhägrar eller andra hägrar.

Utbredning och levnadssätt

Fågeln häckar på Madagaskar, Aldabra i Seychellerna,[3] Mayotte och Europa.[1]

Madagaskarrallhägern bebor sötvattensvåtmarker, framför allt grunda områden kantade av vegetation och träd.[4] Vintertid rör den sig till Centralafrika och Östafrika. Där hittas den framför allt i risfält och utmed små vattendrag, även i skogsmark. Den lever av fisk, insekter, grodor och småreptiler som geckoödlor.[5][6]

Häckning

På Madagaskar häckar den vid gräsbevuxna våtmarker, dammar, diken och risfält, ofta nära träd och buskar.[6] På Aldabra häckar den i mangroveträsk och på lagunstränder,[6] ibland även långt från vatten.[7]

Häckning sker mellan oktober och mars, framför allt med starten av regnsäsongen i november och december.[4] Den häckar i kolonier, historiskt i upp till 1000 par,[6] ofta tillsammans med andra hägerarter. Boet placeras 0,5-4 meter över marken.[4] När den häckar tillsammans med rallhägern tenderar madagaskarrallhägern att bo högre upp. [4] Den lägger tre ägg som den ruvar i 20 dagar, och från att ungen är fyra veckor gammal kan den söka föda på egen hand.[6]

Status

Världspopulationen uppskattas till endast 2000-6000 individer.[1] På Madagaskar är den vida utbredd, men överallt ovanlig. I södra delen är den sällsynt. De senaste 50 åren har den minskat i antal och på grund av exploatering vid häckningskolonierna tros det fortsätta. Internationella naturvårdsunionen IUCN kategoriserar därför arten som starkt hotad.[1]

Namn

Fågelns svenska och vetenskapliga artnamn hedrar Ida Laura Pfeiffer (1797-1858), österrikisk resenär och författare.[8]

Noter

  1. ^ [a b c d] Birdlife International 2012 Ardeola idae Från: IUCN 2015. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.4 www.iucnredlist.org. Läst 2016-02-01.
  2. ^ Sveriges ornitologiska förening (2017) Officiella listan över svenska namn på världens fågelarter, läst 2017-02-14
  3. ^ [a b] Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood (2015) The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 2015 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download, läst 2016-02-11
  4. ^ [a b c d] del Hoyo, J., Elliot, A. and Sargatal, J. 1992. Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 1: Ostrich to Ducks. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, Spain.
  5. ^ Morris, P.; Hawkins, F. 1998. Birds of Madagascar: a photographic guide. Pica Press, Robertsbridge, UK.
  6. ^ [a b c d e] Kushlan, J.A. and Hancock, J.A. 2005. The herons. Oxford University Press, Oxford, U.K.
  7. ^ Benson, C. W.; Penny, M. J. 1971. The land birds of Aldabra. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences 260: 417-527.
  8. ^ Jobling, J. A. (2016). Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology. Ur del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (red.) (2016). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. Hämtad från www.hbw.com.

Externa länkar

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Madagaskarrallhäger: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

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Madagaskarrallhäger (Ardeola idae) är en fågel i familjen hägrar inom ordningen pelikanfåglar.

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Ardeola idae ( Turkish )

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Binominal adı Ardeola idae
Hartlaub, 1860 Ardeola idae map.svg
Dış bağlantılar Commons-logo.svg Wikimedia Commons'ta Ardeola idae ile ilgili çoklu ortam belgeleri bulunur. Wikispecies-logo.svg Wikispecies'te Ardeola idae ile ilgili detaylı taksonomi bilgileri bulunur.

Ardeola idae balıkçılgiller (Ardeidae) familyasından bir kuş türü. Afrika'da yaşar.

Fiziksel özellikleri

Küçük bir balıkçıl olan bu kuşun boyu 45 ila 48 cm arasındadır. Bacakları kısa ve kızıl renklidir. Üreme dönemi tüyleri tamamen beyaz renklidir. Mavi gagasının sivri ucu siyah renklidir. Üreme dönemi dışında tüyleri kahverengidir.

Genç kuşların dış kanat tüyleri ve kuyruğu kahverengi-siyah renklidir. Gagaları turuncu renkli ve ucu siyah renklidir. İrisleri soluk yeşil renklidir.

Dağılımı ve popülasyonu

Üreme dönemini Madagaskar, Aldabra, Seyşeller ve Réunion'da geçirir ve Afrika'nın batısına göçer. Popülasyonunun 2.000 ila 6.000 arasında olduğu sanılmaktadır.

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Ardeola idae: Brief Summary ( Turkish )

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Ardeola idae balıkçılgiller (Ardeidae) familyasından bir kuş türü. Afrika'da yaşar.

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Ardeola idae ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Ardeola idae là một loài chim trong họ Diệc.[2]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ BirdLife International (2012). Ardeola idae. Sách Đỏ IUCN các loài bị đe dọa. Phiên bản 2013.2. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế. Truy cập ngày 26 tháng 11 năm 2013.
  2. ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood, and D. Roberson (2012). “The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.7.”. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 12 năm 2012.

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến chim này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Ardeola idae: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Ardeola idae là một loài chim trong họ Diệc.

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Мадагаскарская жёлтая цапля ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
Царство: Животные
Подцарство: Эуметазои
Без ранга: Вторичноротые
Подтип: Позвоночные
Инфратип: Челюстноротые
Надкласс: Четвероногие
Класс: Птицы
Подкласс: Настоящие птицы
Инфракласс: Новонёбные
Семейство: Цаплевые
Подсемейство: Ardeinae
Вид: Мадагаскарская жёлтая цапля
Международное научное название

Ardeola idae (Hartlaub, 1860)

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Систематика
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ITIS 174863NCBI 1002743EOL 1049019

Мадагаскарская жёлтая цапля[1] (лат. Ardeola idae) — вид птиц из семейства цаплевых (Ardeidae)[2]. Чаще всего они встречаются на Сейшельских Островах, Мадагаскаре, и в странах восточного побережья Африки, таких как Кения, Танзания и Уганда[3]. Популяция этого вида оценивается в 2—6 тыс. особей, 1,3—4 тыс. из которых достаточно взрослые для спаривания[4]. Мадагаскарская жёлтая цапля была впервые описана в 1860 году немецким врачом и орнитологом Карлом Иоганном Густавом Хартлаубом[5].

Природоохранный статус

За последние 30 лет природоохранный статус мадагаскарской жёлтой цапли резко изменился. В 1988 году этот вид был классифицирован как вид, близкий к уязвимому положению в соответствии с классификацией МСОП[6]. В результате дальнейшего снижения численности населения природоохранный статус вида с 2004 года остаётся под угрозой исчезновения[6].

Примечания

  1. Бёме Р. Л., Флинт В. Е. Пятиязычный словарь названий животных. Птицы. Латинский, русский, английский, немецкий, французский / Под общ. ред. акад. В. Е. Соколова. — М.: Рус. яз., «РУССО», 1994. — С. 23. — 2030 экз.ISBN 5-200-00643-0.
  2. Storks, ibis, herons : [англ.] / F. Gill & D. Donsker (Eds). // IOC World Bird List (v 8.2). — 2018. — DOI:10.14344/IOC.ML.8.2. (Проверено 2 сентября 2018).
  3. Heron conservation. — San Diego : Academic Press, 2000. — ISBN 978-0-12-430130-6.
  4. Dee, T. J. The Endemic Birds of Madagascar. — Cambridge : ICBP, 1988. — ISBN 978-0-946888-09-2.
  5. Newton, Alfred (November 1877). “Hartlaub's "Birds of Madagascar". Nature. 17 (418): 9. DOI:10.1038/017009b0. ISSN 1476-4687.
  6. 1 2 Boere, G. C. Waterbirds Around the World: A Global Overview of the Conservation, Management and Research of the World's Waterbird Flyways / G. C. Boere, Galbraith, Stroud. — The Stationery Office, 2006. — ISBN 978-0-11-497333-9.


Птица Это заготовка статьи по орнитологии. Вы можете помочь проекту, дополнив её.  title=
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Мадагаскарская жёлтая цапля: Brief Summary ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию

Мадагаскарская жёлтая цапля (лат. Ardeola idae) — вид птиц из семейства цаплевых (Ardeidae). Чаще всего они встречаются на Сейшельских Островах, Мадагаскаре, и в странах восточного побережья Африки, таких как Кения, Танзания и Уганда. Популяция этого вида оценивается в 2—6 тыс. особей, 1,3—4 тыс. из которых достаточно взрослые для спаривания. Мадагаскарская жёлтая цапля была впервые описана в 1860 году немецким врачом и орнитологом Карлом Иоганном Густавом Хартлаубом.

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Description

provided by World Register of Marine Species
Length: 45-48 cm. Plumage: dark brown above heavily streaked with black; dull brown heavily streaked black on mantle, head and breast; lower breast and belly white. Breeding adult white with pale buff wash on back foreneck and breast or snow white. Immature like non-breeding adult. Bare parts: iris yellow.; lores yellow, greenish in breeding birds; bill greenish grey to dark horn with a black tip, blue in breeding birds; feet and legs greenish yellow (rose pink when breeding). Habitat: marine reefs at low tide; wooded bodies of water inland.

Reference

Brown, L.H., E.K. Urban & K. Newman. (1982). The Birds of Africa, Volume I. Academic Press, London.

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