Surf Scoter

Melanitta perspicillata (Linnaeus 1758)

are parasitized by

• Global Biotic Interactions: Profilicollis botulus (Van Cleave 1916)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Tetrameres somateriae Ryzhikov 1963
• Global Biotic Interactions: Tetrameres spinosa (Maplestone 1931)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Capillaria nyrocinarum Madsen 1945
• Global Biotic Interactions: Echinuria hypognatha
• Global Biotic Interactions: Streptocara californica
• Global Biotic Interactions: Profilicollis altmani (Perry 1942)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Holomenopon loomisii (Kellogg 1896)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Freyana anatina
• Global Biotic Interactions: Gymnophallus bursicola Odhner 1900
• Global Biotic Interactions: Epomidiostomum orispinum (Molin 1861)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Psilostomum magniovum
• Global Biotic Interactions: Gymnophallus choledochus Odhner 1900
• Global Biotic Interactions: Corynosoma sudsuche Belopolskaya 1958
• Global Biotic Interactions: Profilicollis botulus (Van Cleave 1916)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Gymnophallus deliciosus (Olsson 1893)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ascorhytis charadriformis (Young 1949) Ching 1965
• Global Biotic Interactions: Trinoton querquedulae (Linnaeus 1758) (Lice)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Holomenopon leucoxanthum (Burmeister 1838)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Tristriata elegans
• Global Biotic Interactions: Apatemon gracilis (Rudolphi 1819) Szidat 1928
• Global Biotic Interactions: Anaticola crassicornis (Scopoli 1763) (Lice)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Catatropis johnstoni Martin 1956
• Global Biotic Interactions: Catatropis johnstoni Martin 1956
• Global Biotic Interactions: Himasthla rhigedana Dietz 1909
• Global Biotic Interactions: Himasthla rhigedana Dietz 1909
• Global Biotic Interactions: Zygocotyle lunata
• Global Biotic Interactions: Austrobilharzia terrigalensis Johnston 1917
• Global Biotic Interactions: Capillaria anatis
• Global Biotic Interactions: Parorchis acanthus (Nicoll)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Parorchis acanthus (Nicoll)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Streptocara crassicauda (Creplin 1829)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Culex tarsalis Coquillett 1896 (Western Encephalitis Mosquito)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Aedes taeniorhynchus (Wiedemann 1821)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Profilicollis altmani (Perry 1942)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Profilicollis altmani (Perry 1942)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Anatoecus icterodes (Nitzsch 1818)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Anatoecus dentatus (Scopoli 1763)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Acanthoparyphium spinulosum
• Global Biotic Interactions: Acanthoparyphium spinulosum