Les especies d'aves con nome común en llingua asturiana márquense como NOA. En casu contrariu, conséñase'l nome científicu o de la SEO.
'''Toxostoma lecontei[2][3][4] ye una especie d'ave paseriforme de la familia Mimidae. Distribúise nel suroeste d'Estaos Xuníos y el noroeste de Méxicu. Prefier vivir en desiertos con bien poca vexetación, onde s'entemez colos suelos arenosos. El nome científicu de la especie conmemora al entomólogu estauxunidense John Lawrence LeConte.
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Esta páxina forma parte del wikiproyeutu Aves, un esfuerciu collaborativu col fin d'ameyorar y organizar tolos conteníos rellacionaos con esti tema. Visita la páxina d'alderique del proyeutu pa collaborar y facer entrugues o suxerencies. Les especies d'aves con nome común en llingua asturiana márquense como NOA. En casu contrariu, conséñase'l nome científicu o de la SEO. '''Toxostoma lecontei ye una especie d'ave paseriforme de la familia Mimidae. Distribúise nel suroeste d'Estaos Xuníos y el noroeste de Méxicu. Prefier vivir en desiertos con bien poca vexetación, onde s'entemez colos suelos arenosos. El nome científicu de la especie conmemora al entomólogu estauxunidense John Lawrence LeConte.
Risweer Le Conte (Toxostoma lecontei) a zo un evn.
Bevañ a ra e mervent Stadoù-Unanet ha gwalarn Mec'hiko[1].
Risweer Le Conte (Toxostoma lecontei) a zo un evn.
Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Tresglen Le Conte (sy'n enw benywaidd; enw lluosog: tresglod Le Conte) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Toxostoma lecontei; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Le Conte thrasher. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Gwatwarwyr (Lladin: Mimidae) sydd yn urdd y Passeriformes.[1]
Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn T. lecontei, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.[2]
Mae'r tresglen Le Conte yn perthyn i deulu'r Gwatwarwyr (Lladin: Mimidae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:
Rhestr Wicidata:
rhywogaeth enw tacson delwedd Cathaderyn du Melanoptila glabrirostris Cathaderyn llwyd Dumetella carolinensis
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Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Tresglen Le Conte (sy'n enw benywaidd; enw lluosog: tresglod Le Conte) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Toxostoma lecontei; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Le Conte thrasher. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Gwatwarwyr (Lladin: Mimidae) sydd yn urdd y Passeriformes.
Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn T. lecontei, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.
LeConte's thrasher (Toxostoma lecontei) is a pale bird found in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. It prefers to live in deserts with very little vegetation, where it blends in with the sandy soils. LeConte's thrashers are nonmigratory birds that reside in the same territory annually. Although the species has been decreasing in certain areas of its range, in particular California, it still is abundant enough to not be considered for vulnerable status.
These birds are terrestrial and only fly occasionally. Both sexes are heavily involved in the nest building, incubating, and brooding process, though each alternates with primary responsibility of the tasks. LeConte's thrashers frequently compete with species such as the northern mockingbird, loggerhead shrike and greater roadrunner, as well as being potential prey for the latter.
LeConte's thrasher is named after Dr. John Lawrence LeConte, an entomologist who eventually became president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.[2] There are two subspecies:
T.l. lecontei (Lawrence, 1851) – range is from southwestern United States (south central and eastern California, southwest Utah, and south central Arizona) to northwestern Mexico (north east Baja California and northwest Sonora).[2][3]
T.l. arenicola (Anthony, 1897) Rosalia thrasher; west coast of Baja California.[2][3][4]
T.l. arenicola has been proposed by the American Ornithologists Union as separate species,[4] and treated as a separate species by other authors.[3] and a name of Vizcaino thrasher if it becomes official.[2] T.l. arenicola still is treated as a subspecies of lecontei by some authors, however.[3] A proposed race T.c. macmillanorum only exhibits minor differences in plumage from T.l. lecontei (such as a darker crown and lighter flanks), but is not justified by biochemical or morphological grounds.[2][5] One study suggested that the phylogeographic structure of the LeConte's is consistent with both its geographic distribution and genetics, with the Vizcaíno Desert in Baja California acting as a barrier initiating allopatric speciation.[6]
The two closest living relatives of LeConte's thrasher, the California thrasher and the crissal thrasher, form as the lecontei group.[7][8] The similarities with these three species contrasted with other Toxostoma thrashers, in particular the sickle-shaped bill, longer legs and smaller wings indicated its adaption to a preference to running and digging for food.[9]
LeConte's thrasher weighs from 55 to 75 g (1.9 to 2.6 oz) and are 24.5–29 cm (9.6–11.4 in), and there is no sexual dimorphism within the species.[10] Their wings are typical of birds that are sedentary, as they are short and rounded.[10] There are noted differences among the subspecies.[2] The crown, back, shoulders, and rump of T.c. lecontei possess a sandy pale-gray color. The primaries and secondaries are grayish brown. The rectrices are of a darker gray brown that contrasts with the plumage. Lores and ear-coverts are a mottled gray brown. The throat is an off-whitish color of a darker stripe. The chest and belly is puffy gray, and the vent and uppertail coverts are of a warmer tint in contrast to the palish chest and belly. The underwing is both gray and buff, with a brown-chestnut iris, a black-sickle shaped bill, and legs that are nearly black. T.l. arenicola has a darker chest and underparts and a shorter tail. In its juvenile stages, the thrasher is darker brown, and its feathers looser and fluffy in appearance, especially on the vent.[2]
This bird ranges from California as far west as the San Joaquin Valley through southern Nevada and southwestern Utah and central and southern Arizona, and is a resident species throughout its range.[10] It resides in some of the harshest climates in its region, including the Sonoran Desert and the San Joaquin Valley, and where annual rainfall only averages 4 to 20 cm.[2][11] The typical desert habitat consists of dunes, alluvial fans, and flat to gently rolling hills with shallow washes with sparse vegetation.[11] The vegetation that it may utilize includes low vegetation such as saltbush, creosote, cholla cacti, and Mojave yucca.[2] The range of altitude spans as low as 80 m below sea level (in Death Valley) to as high as 1,600 m, although 500 m above sea level is the average.[2] It does not generally coexist with other thrashers due to its habitat, but does overlap breeding ranges and general habitat with the California thrasher in the higher desert regions of its range.[2][10]
The thrasher has had its population decline in certain regions of its range, notably the Coachella, Imperial and the San Joaquin Valley regions.[10][12][13] Major reasons for its decline include urbanization, cultivation of land for livestock, oil and gas development, and fire with the increase of invasive species of grasses.[10][13] Off-road vehicle use is a minor factor, while military operations conducted in the region have been considered, but not properly researched.[10] However, there are apparent areas of suitable acreage for the thrasher that have not been utilized, and its population in undisturbed regions appear to be more stable.[10][13] Although the thrasher has relatively small numbers on a worldwide scale for a passerine, and has been listed as a species of concern in the state of California, its large range overall justifies its status as least concern.[1][10]
This thrasher is a highly terrestrial bird, and is only seen flying when nest building or feeding its young.[13] It runs at a surprisingly fast pace, even at speeds to outpace a trotting horse.[2] When it does run, its tail is generally held upward, exposing its buffy crissum. LeConte's thrasher is a ground forager, and will dig small pits in leaf litter or soil to find its prey.[10] It is a monogamous species, and generally seen in pairs, and juveniles may form small parties from two to eight birds.[2]
The song is a large, prolonged outpouring of warbled phrases that can be repeated two or several times and can be heard from considerable distances, which is typical of the genus Toxostoma.[2][14] The song starts softly, then increases in volume, and has a more measured delivery than that of the crissal thrasher.[14] The song bouts have been compared to curve-billed thrashers, but are higher pitched and marked by clear intervals.[2] The song is generally uttered from an exposed perch, and is generally heard either in the morning or in the evening, though it has been heard at night. Females also sing on occasion, in a manner similar to juvenile male LeConte's.[2] Calls include a short whistle note suuuweeee, hew-eep or pooh-ip, along with the double-noted whistling distress call.[2][14]
The diet is omnivorous, and includes arthropods such as beetles, scorpions, spiders, grasshoppers, butterflies, moth larvae, and small lizards and snakes.[10][13] Eggs are also part of its diet, including those of its own species.[2] Plant consumption includes seeds and berries.[10] The LeConte's conserve water as an adaptation to their arid habitat and obtain what they need from their food. While they generally do not have to drink, there has been one recorded instance of such an event.[2]
The singing season typically begins in mid-autumn and peaks around late December and early January, when nest building begins.[13] The nests are generally of a bulky build, with outer layer of twigs, a middle layer of twigs, grasses, and rootlets, and an inner layer of insulating materials such as fuzzy plant seeds, leaves or flowers.[2] Feathers and artificial material have been used as well, but these instances are rare.[2][10] Dense and thorny shrubs such as the saltbush are preferred sites, although artificial sites such as abandoned vehicles and heights as high as 2.4 m with smoke trees have been used when the general distance of nests off the ground are usually only half as low.[10] Both sexes take part in nest building, although the participation of the male varies.[2][11] Nest fidelity is generally observed with the species until one of the mates die.[13] The territories of the nesting pairs may be adjacent to one another due to food sources, although conflicts are rarely had.[10]
The egg dates generally range from February to the end of May in California, and in the Sonoran region from December to April, though dates have been listed as early as late January and as late as the latter part of June.[2][10][13] The clutch size ranges from 2 to 5 eggs, but the number is generally 3–4.[10][11] The eggs are large-sized and bluish green that may either contain various degrees of brown spotting or no markings.[2][10] The eggs are generally laid once a day and incubation begins once the last egg is laid, and lasts from 14 to 20 days.[10][13] The male generally provides the food for the female, as well as food for the young during the brooding stages.[10] The female is more likely to incubate during at night, however. If the nest is destroyed or preyed upon, a new one is generally built, as they can have up to three broods during the reproductive season.[10][13]
The young are fed by both parents during the fledgling period, which can span from 12 to 20 days, and can be continued to be fed after for 15 to 18 days afterward, especially if the female is brooding the next clutch.[2][13] At around 30 days old, the fledglings disperse, and may form small groups.[2][13]
These birds defend their territory year-round, but males are generally less territorial in the summer months during molting and the fledgling dispersals.[13] Males may give a visual display to intruding males by employing a head down position, showing off their crissum (the undertail coverts surrounding the cloaca) while simultaneously disappearing into a bush head first in a slow motion.[2] Their territories are most actively defended from early December to early February.[13] Potential competitors for food and nesting sites include the northern mockingbird, sage thrasher, loggerhead shrike, house finch, black-throated sparrow, cactus wren, and the greater roadrunner. They may share the same nesting shrub or tree with their competitors, such as the loggerhead shrike.[10][13]
They are rarely victims of cowbird parasitism. LeConte's thrasher has been recorded being victimized by the bronzed cowbird in a least one instance, but not by the brown-headed cowbird. However, when 11 brown-headed cowbird eggs were placed in the thrasher's nest in an experiment, they were accepted.[10]
Some of the predators of the eggs, young, and adults of this species include birds of prey, greater roadrunners, antelope squirrels, domestic cats, dogs, coyotes, and various snake species.[13]
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) LeConte's thrasher (Toxostoma lecontei) is a pale bird found in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. It prefers to live in deserts with very little vegetation, where it blends in with the sandy soils. LeConte's thrashers are nonmigratory birds that reside in the same territory annually. Although the species has been decreasing in certain areas of its range, in particular California, it still is abundant enough to not be considered for vulnerable status.
These birds are terrestrial and only fly occasionally. Both sexes are heavily involved in the nest building, incubating, and brooding process, though each alternates with primary responsibility of the tasks. LeConte's thrashers frequently compete with species such as the northern mockingbird, loggerhead shrike and greater roadrunner, as well as being potential prey for the latter.
El cuitlacoche pálido (Toxostoma lecontei)[2][3][4] es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Mimidae. Se distribuye en el suroeste de Estados Unidos y el noroeste de México. Prefiere vivir en desiertos con muy poca vegetación, donde se mezcla con los suelos arenosos. El nombre científico de la especie conmemora al entomólogo estadounidense John Lawrence LeConte.
El cuitlacoche pálido (Toxostoma lecontei) es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Mimidae. Se distribuye en el suroeste de Estados Unidos y el noroeste de México. Prefiere vivir en desiertos con muy poca vegetación, donde se mezcla con los suelos arenosos. El nombre científico de la especie conmemora al entomólogo estadounidense John Lawrence LeConte.
Toxostoma lecontei Toxostoma generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Mimidae familian sailkatua dago.
Toxostoma lecontei Toxostoma generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Mimidae familian sailkatua dago.
Aavikkosirppimatkija (Toxostoma lecontei)[2] on matkijoiden heimoon kuuluva varpuslintu.
Aavikkosirppimatkijaa tavataan Meksikon luoteisosissa ja Yhdysvaltain lounaisosissa. Lajin kannankehitys on vakaa, ja se on luokiteltu elinvoimaiseksi.[1]
Aavikkosirppimatkija (Toxostoma lecontei) on matkijoiden heimoon kuuluva varpuslintu.
Toxostoma lecontei
le Moqueur de Le Conte (Toxostoma lecontei) est une espèce de passereau de la famille des Mimidae. Il est originaire des zones désertiques des États-Unis et du Mexique.
Cet oiseau de 25 à 28 cm de longueur a le plumage le plus pâle des membres du genre Toxostoma[1]. De couleur beige sur le dessus, et d'un gris-beige uni encore plus pâle sur le dessous, il possède une queue plus sombre que le reste du corps. Les pattes sont noires, de même que les yeux, qui sont surlignés de brun sombre. Le bec noir est long, fin et courbe. Lors de la saison nuptiale, les adultes ont les plumes de couverture du dessous de la queue qui deviennent rousses.
Comme tous les oiseaux du genre Toxostoma lorsqu'ils se sentent menacés, le Moqueur de Le Conte préfère se faufiler dans les buissons et ne s'envole qu'en dernier recours[1].
Les vocalisations sont des mélodies riches et sonores, moins rauques et moins répétitives que celles des autres Toxostoma. Les appels sont des wiit ascendants ou des touit[1].
Le Moqueur de Le Conte vit dans des déserts à la végétation clairsemée, essentiellement composée de cactus (Cylindropuntia notamment) et de buissons (surtout Larrea tridentata). Dans ce milieu, la couleur du plumage de l'oiseau se fond sur la couleur du sol.
Cet oiseau fréquente le désert de Sonora et les régions chaudes qui l'entourent (aux États-Unis, le sud de la vallée de San Joaquin en Californie, le sud du Nevada et de l'Utah, l'Arizona, et les états mexicains de Sonora et de Basse-Californie)[1].
Selon Catalogue of Life (1 avr. 2012)[2] :
Toxostoma lecontei
le Moqueur de Le Conte (Toxostoma lecontei) est une espèce de passereau de la famille des Mimidae. Il est originaire des zones désertiques des États-Unis et du Mexique.
De woestijnspotlijster (Toxostoma lecontei) is een vogelsoort uit de familie mimidae. De soort is vernoemd naar de Amerikaanse entomoloog John Lawrence LeConte.
Deze soort komt voor in het zuidwesten van de Verenigde Staten en het noorden van Mexico en is ongeveer 28 centimeter.
De soort telt drie ondersoorten:
De woestijnspotlijster (Toxostoma lecontei) is een vogelsoort uit de familie mimidae. De soort is vernoemd naar de Amerikaanse entomoloog John Lawrence LeConte.
Mojavehärmtrast[2] (Toxostoma lecontei) är en fågel i familjen härmtrastar inom ordningen tättingar.[3]
Mojavehärmtrast delas in i tre underarter:[3]
Arten har ett stort utbredningsområde och en stor population med stabil utveckling som inte tros vara utsatt för något substantiellt hot.[1] Utifrån dessa kriterier kategoriserar internationella naturvårdsunionen IUCN arten som livskraftig (LC).[1]
Mojavehärmtrasten har fått sitt namn från mojaveöknen där den förekommer, ett av USA:s största ökenområde som innefattar en stor del av södra Kalifornien, samt delar av Utah, Arizona och Nevada. Öknen har i sin tur fått sitt namn av mojavefolket. Fågelns vetenskapliga artnamn hedrar Dr John Lawrence LeConte (1825-1883), överstelöjtnant och kirurg i US Army men också entomologi, biolog och samlare av specimen i Nordamerika.[4]
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör mojavehärmtrast.
Wikispecies har information om Toxostoma lecontei.
Mojavehärmtrast (Toxostoma lecontei) är en fågel i familjen härmtrastar inom ordningen tättingar.
Toxostoma lecontei là một loài chim trong họ Mimidae.[2] Loài chim này được tìm thấy ở Tây Nam Hoa Kỳ và tây bắc Mexico. Chúng ưa thích sống ở sa mạc với thảm thực vật rất nhỏ, nơi chúng có màu sắc hòa lẫn với đất cát. Đây là chim không di cư và cư trú trong một lãnh thổ hàng năm. Mặc dù loài chim này đã sụt giảm ở một số khu vực trong phạm vi phân bố, đặc biệt là California, số lượng vẫn còn dồi dào, đủ để không bị coi là tình trạng loài dễ bị tổn thương.
Toxostoma lecontei là một loài chim trong họ Mimidae. Loài chim này được tìm thấy ở Tây Nam Hoa Kỳ và tây bắc Mexico. Chúng ưa thích sống ở sa mạc với thảm thực vật rất nhỏ, nơi chúng có màu sắc hòa lẫn với đất cát. Đây là chim không di cư và cư trú trong một lãnh thổ hàng năm. Mặc dù loài chim này đã sụt giảm ở một số khu vực trong phạm vi phân bố, đặc biệt là California, số lượng vẫn còn dồi dào, đủ để không bị coi là tình trạng loài dễ bị tổn thương.
