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Stygobromus Cope 1872

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Stygobromus

provided by wikipedia EN

Stygobromus is a genus of amphipod crustaceans that live in subterranean habitats. The majority of the listed species are endemic to North America (one from Canada, the rest from the United States),[3] a smaller number of species are also known from Eurasia.[4] Most of the North American species live in areas which were not covered by the Laurentide Ice Sheet, although a few species seem to have survived under the ice.[5] A number of species are on the IUCN Red List as endangered species (EN) or vulnerable species (VU); one species, S. lucifugus, is extinct.

Stygobromus includes the following species:[1]

References

  1. ^ a b "Stygobromus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
  2. ^ John R. Holsinger (1978). "Systematics of the subterranean amphipod genus Stygobromus (Gammaridae). Part II: Species of the Eastern United States". Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 266 (266): 1–144. doi:10.5479/si.00810282.266.
  3. ^ David C. Culver; John R. Holsinger; Mary C. Christman & Tanja Pipan (2010). "Morphological differences among eyeless amphipods in the genus Stygobromus dwelling in different subterranean habitats". Journal of Crustacean Biology. 30 (1): 68–74. doi:10.1651/09-3156.1.
  4. ^ a b c Sidorov, D.A.; Holsinger, J.R.; Takhteev, V.V. (2010). "Two new species of the subterranean amphipod genus Stygobromus (Amphipoda: Crangonyctidae) from Siberia, with new data on Stygobromus pusillus (Martynov) and remarks on morphology and biogeographic relationships". Zootaxa. 2478: 41–58. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2478.1.2.
  5. ^ John R. Holsinger. "Stygobromus – Distribution Map". Old Dominion University. Retrieved June 24, 2010.
  6. ^ Steven Taylor & John Holsinger (2011). "A new species of the subterranean amphipod crustacean genus Stygobromus (Crangonyctidae) from a cave in Nevada, USA". Subterranean Biology. 8: 39–48. doi:10.3897/subtbiol.8.1230.
  7. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus araeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20973A9240768. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20973A9240768.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  8. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus arizonensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20974A9240867. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20974A9240867.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  9. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus balconis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T21013A9244273. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21013A9244273.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  10. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus barri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20976A9240966. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20976A9240966.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  11. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus bifurcatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20977A9241065. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20977A9241065.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  12. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus bowmani". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20978A9241164. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20978A9241164.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  13. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus clantoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20979A9241263. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20979A9241263.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  14. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus conradi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20980A9241510. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20980A9241510.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  15. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus cooperi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20981A9241609. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20981A9241609.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  16. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus dejectus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20982A9241708. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20982A9241708.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  17. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus elatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20983A9235267. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20983A9235267.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  18. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus emarginatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20984A9235396. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20984A9235396.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  19. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus ephemerus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20985A9235656. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20985A9235656.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  20. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus flagellatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20986A9235526. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20986A9235526.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  21. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus gradyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20987A9235786. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20987A9235786.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  22. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus hadenoecus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20988A9235916. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20988A9235916.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  23. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus harai". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20989A9241807. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20989A9241807.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  24. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus hayi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20990A9241906. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20990A9241906.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  25. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus heteropodus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20991A9242005. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20991A9242005.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  26. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus hubbsi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20992A9242104. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20992A9242104.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  27. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus identatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20993A9242203. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20993A9242203.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  28. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus longipes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20994A9242306. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20994A9242306.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  29. ^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Stygobromus lucifugus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20995A9242405. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20995A9242405.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  30. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus mackenziei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20996A9242501. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20996A9242501.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  31. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus montanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20997A9242600. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20997A9242600.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  32. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus morrisoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20998A9242699. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20998A9242699.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  33. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus mundus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T21014A9244384. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21014A9244384.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  34. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus nortoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T21000A9242894. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21000A9242894.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  35. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus onondagaensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T21001A9242993. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21001A9242993.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  36. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus ozarkensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T21002A9243092. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21002A9243092.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  37. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus parvus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T21003A9243191. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21003A9243191.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  38. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus pecki". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T21004A9243290. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21004A9243290.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  39. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus pizzinii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T21005A9243389. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21005A9243389.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  40. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus putealis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T21006A9243488. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21006A9243488.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  41. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus reddelli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T21007A9243587. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21007A9243587.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  42. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus smithii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T21008A9243686. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21008A9243686.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  43. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus spinatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T21009A9243785. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21009A9243785.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  44. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus stellmacki". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T21010A9243976. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21010A9243976.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  45. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus subtilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T21011A9244075. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21011A9244075.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  46. ^ Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group (1996). "Stygobromus wengerorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T21012A9244174. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21012A9244174.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
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Stygobromus: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Stygobromus is a genus of amphipod crustaceans that live in subterranean habitats. The majority of the listed species are endemic to North America (one from Canada, the rest from the United States), a smaller number of species are also known from Eurasia. Most of the North American species live in areas which were not covered by the Laurentide Ice Sheet, although a few species seem to have survived under the ice. A number of species are on the IUCN Red List as endangered species (EN) or vulnerable species (VU); one species, S. lucifugus, is extinct.

Stygobromus includes the following species:

Stygobromus abditus Holsinger, 1978 (Virginia) Stygobromus ackerlyi Holsinger, 1978 (Georgia) Stygobromus alabamensis (Stout, 1911) Stygobromus albapinus Taylor & Holsinger, 2011 (Nevada) Stygobromus allegheniensis (Holsinger, 1967) (New York to West Virginia) Stygobromus ambulans (F. Müller, 1846) Stygobromus anastasiae Sidorov, Holsinger & Takhteev, 2010 (Siberia, Russia) Stygobromus apscheronia (Derzhavin, 1945) (Azerbaijan) Stygobromus araeus (Holsinger, 1969) VU (Virginia, North Carolina) Stygobromus arizonensis Holsinger, 1974 VU (Arizona) Stygobromus balconis (Hubricht, 1943) VU (Texas) Stygobromus baroodyi Holsinger, 1978 (Virginia) Stygobromus barri (Holsinger, 1967) VU (Missouri) Stygobromus barryi Holsinger, 1978 (Tennessee) Stygobromus behningi (Birstein, 1948) Stygobromus bifurcatus (Holsinger, 1967) VU (Texas) Stygobromus biggersi Holsinger, 1978 (Virginia to Pennsylvania) Stygobromus blinni Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus borealis Holsinger, 1978 (Vermont, New York) Stygobromus boultoni Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus bowmani (Holsinger, 1967) VU (Oklahoma) Stygobromus canadensis Holsinger, 1980 (Alberta, Canada) Stygobromus carolinensis Holsinger, 1978 (North Carolina) Stygobromus chamberlaini Ellis, 1941 Stygobromus cherylae Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus clantoni (Creaser, 1934) VU (Kansas, Missouri) Stygobromus coeca (Dobraenu & Manolache, 1951) Stygobromus coloradensis Ward, 1977 Stygobromus conradi (Holsinger, 1967) VU (Virginia) Stygobromus cooperi (Holsinger, 1967) VU (West Virginia) Stygobromus cowani Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus culveri Holsinger, 1978 (West Virginia) Stygobromus cumberlandus Holsinger, 1978 (Virginia) Stygobromus curroae Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus dejectus (Holsinger, 1967) VU (Texas) Stygobromus dentata (Hubricht, 1943) Stygobromus dershavini (Behning, 1928) Stygobromus dicksoni Holsinger, 1978 (Alabama, Georgia) Stygobromus donensis (Martynov, 1919) Stygobromus duplus Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus elatus (Holsinger, 1967) VU (Arkansas) Stygobromus elliotti Holsinger, 1974 Stygobromus emarginatus (Hubricht, 1943) VU (Maryland, West Virginia) Stygobromus ephemerus (Holsinger, 1969) VU (Virginia) Stygobromus estesi Holsinger, 1978 (Virginia) Stygobromus exilis Hubricht, 1943 Stygobromus fecundus Holsinger, 1978 (Tennessee) Stygobromus fergusoni Holsinger, 1978 (Virginia) Stygobromus finleyi Holsinger, 1978 (Tennessee) Stygobromus flagellatus (J. E. Benedict, 1896) VU (Texas) Stygobromus fontinalis Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus franzi Holsinger, 1978 (Maryland) Stygobromus gallawayae Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus glacialis Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus gracilipes (Holsinger, 1967) (Virginia to Pennsylvania) Stygobromus gradyi Holsinger, 1974 VU (California) Stygobromus grahami Holsinger, 1974 Stygobromus grandis Holsinger, 1978 (Georgia) Stygobromus hadenoecus (Holsinger, 1966) VU (Texas) Stygobromus harai Holsinger, 1974 VU (California) Stygobromus hayi (Hubricht & Mackin, 1940) EN (District of Columbia) Stygobromus herbsti Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus heteropodus Hubricht, 1943 VU (Missouri) Stygobromus hoffmani Holsinger, 1978 (Virginia) Stygobromus holsingeri Ward, 1977 Stygobromus hubbardi Holsinger, 2009 Stygobromus hubbsi Shoemaker, 1942 VU (Oregon) Stygobromus hyporheicus Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus hyrcana (Dershavin, 1939) Stygobromus idahoensis Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus imperialis Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus indentatus (Holsinger, 1967) VU (Maryland, North Carolina and Virginia) Stygobromus inexpectatus Holsinger, 1978 (Alabama) Stygobromus interitus Holsinger, 1978 (Virginia) Stygobromus intermedia (Dobreanu, Manolache & Piascariu, 1952) Stygobromus interstitialis Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus iowae Hubricht, 1943 Stygobromus jakutana (Martynov, 1931) Stygobromus jemezensis Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus johanseni (Shoemaker, 1920) Stygobromus kazakhstanica Kulkina, 1992 Stygobromus kenki Holsinger, 1978 (District of Columbia, Virginia) Stygobromus lacicolus Holsinger, 1974 Stygobromus lanensis Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus latus Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus leensis Holsinger, 1978 (Virginia) Stygobromus lepida (Mateus & Mateus, 1991) Stygobromus levanidovae (G. Karaman, 1991) Stygobromus limbus Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus longidactylus (S. Karaman, 1929) Stygobromus longipes (Holsinger, 1966) VU (Texas) Stygobromus lucifugus (Hay, 1882) EX (Illinois) Stygobromus mackenziei Holsinger, 1974 VU (California) Stygobromus mackini Hubricht, 1943 (Tennessee to West Virginia) Stygobromus meschtscherica (Borutsky, 1929) Stygobromus mikhaili Sidorov, Holsinger & Takhteev, 2010 (Siberia, Russia) Stygobromus minutus Holsinger, 1978 (Georgia) Stygobromus montanensis Holsinger, 1974 (Montana) Stygobromus montanus (Holsinger, 1967) VU (Arkansas) Stygobromus morrisoni (Holsinger, 1967) VU (Virginia, West Virginia) Stygobromus mundus (Holsinger, 1967) VU (Virginia) Stygobromus myersae Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus mysticus Holsinger, 1974 Stygobromus nanus Holsinger, 1978 (West Virginia) Stygobromus nortoni (Holsinger, 1969) VU (Tennessee) Stygobromus obrutus Holsinger, 1978 (Virginia) Stygobromus obscurus Holsinger, 1974 Stygobromus onondagaensis (Hubricht & Mackin, 1940) VU (Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri and Oklahoma) Stygobromus oregonensis Holsinger, 1974 (Oregon) Stygobromus ozarkensis (Holsinger, 1967) VU (Arkansas, Missouri and Oklahoma) Stygobromus parvus (Holsinger, 1969) VU (West Virginia) Stygobromus pecki (Holsinger, 1967) EN (Texas) Stygobromus pennaki Ward, 1977 Stygobromus philareti (Birstein, 1948) Stygobromus phreaticus Holsinger, 1978 (Virginia) Stygobromus pizzinii (Shoemaker, 1938) VU (District of Columbia, Maryland, Pennsylvania and Virginia) Stygobromus pollostus Holsinger, 1978 (Virginia) Stygobromus pseudospinosus Holsinger, 1978 (Virginia) Stygobromus putealis (Holmes, 1909) VU (Wisconsin) Stygobromus puteanus Holsinger, 1974 Stygobromus quatsinensis Holsinger & Shaw, 1987 Stygobromus rallus Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus redactus Holsinger, 1978 (West Virginia) Stygobromus reddelli (Holsinger, 1966) VU (Texas) Stygobromus rudolphi Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus russelli (Holsinger, 1967) (Texas) Stygobromus saltuaris Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus secundus Bousfield & Holsinger, 1981 Stygobromus sheldoni Holsinger, 1974 Stygobromus sierrensis Holsinger, 1974 Stygobromus simplex Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus smithi Hubricht, 1943 VU (Alabama) Stygobromus sparsus Holsinger, 1978 (Tennessee) Stygobromus spinatus (Holsinger, 1967) VU (West Virginia) Stygobromus spinosus (Hubricht & Mackin, 1940) (Virginia) Stygobromus stegerorum Holsinger, 1978 (Virginia) Stygobromus stellmacki (Holsinger, 1967) VU (Pennsylvania) Stygobromus subtilis (Hubricht, 1943) VU (Illinois, Michigan and Missouri) Stygobromus tahoensis Holsinger, 1974 Stygobromus tenuis (S. I. Smith, 1874) (Connecticut to Maryland) Stygobromus trinus Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus tritus Holsinger, 1974 Stygobromus urospinatus Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus utahensis Wang & Holsinger, 2001 (Utah) Stygobromus vitreus Cope, 1872 Stygobromus wahkeenensis Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus wardi Wang & Holsinger, 2001 Stygobromus wengerorum Holsinger, 1974 VU (California)
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