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Conservation Status

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A fairly common, widespread species; no concerns.
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Cyclicity

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Adults late May to August and larvae June through August.
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Distribution

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Nova Scotia to BC, south to Florida, Texas and Utah. Found throughout Alberta, from the Precambrian Shield north of Lake Athabasca to the river valleys of the arid plains.
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General Description

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"A medium-size (2.4-3.5 cm wingspan) maroon and purple-grey moth, with pale greenish patches in fresh specimens. The pale green or whitish basal area bordered by a doubled black antemedian line on the forewing is diagnostic. The reniform spot is a prominent thin vertical black bar, and there are usually two small white wedges on the lower edge of the forewing margin, a black sub-apical mark on the costa, and small black spots or wedges in the subterminal area. The hindwing is dirty white shaded with grey in males, darker grey in females. The male antennae are moderately pectinate to the mid-point, then abruptly simple. The most common and widespread member of the genus. See also Schizura leptinoides and S. ipomoeae. "
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Habitat

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Deciduous woodland and shrub.
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Life Cycle

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Adults have a very extended emergence, or perhaps overlapping broods, beginning in late May. Larvae appear in late June and both stages can be found until August, larvae into September. The larvae are solitary defoliators of a variety of deciduous trees and shrubs. They overwinter as pupae. The caterpillars in this genus are unusual in that they can eject a stream of formic acid for up to several inches from a gland in the hump.
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Trophic Strategy

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No Alberta data available. Elsewhere reported to utilize a wide variety of deciduous trees and shrubs. Canadian records (Prentice et al, 1962) show a strong preference for white birch (Betula papyrifera) and willows (Salix sp.).
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Coelodasys unicornis

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Coelodasys unicornis, the unicorn caterpillar moth, unicorn prominent or variegated prominent, is a species of moth in the family Notodontidae. It was first described by James Edward Smith in 1797 and is found in North America south of the Arctic.[1][2]

The wingspan is 24–35 mm.[3] The forewings are dark grey, variably shaded and marked with yellowish, rose and brown. The hindwings are dirty white, shaded with grey in males and dark grey in females. Adults are on wing from February to September in the south and from May to August in the north. There is one generation per year.

The larvae feed on Alnus, Malus, Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera, Ulmus, Crataegus, Carya and Salix species. They are brown, although the second and third thoracic segments are bright green. The head is mottled brown. Larvae can be found from May to October in the south and from June to September in the north. The species overwinters in its pupae stage in a cocoon beneath leaf litter.

This species was formerly a member of the genus Schizura, but was transferred to Coelodasys as a result of research published in 2021.[4]

References

  1. ^ Balaban, John & Jane (August 10, 2017). "Species Schizura unicornis - Unicorn Caterpillar Moth - Hodges#8007". BugGuide. Retrieved July 28, 2019.
  2. ^ Savela, Markku (ed.). "Schizura unicornis (Smith, 1797)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved July 28, 2019.
  3. ^ Robinson, E. & Anweiler, G. G. (September 2004). "Species Details Schizura unicornis". University of Alberta Museums. E.H. Strickland Entomological Museum. Retrieved November 11, 2020.
  4. ^ Miller, James S.; Wagner, David L.; Opler, Paul A.; Lafontaine, J. Donald (2021). The Moths of North America, Fascicle 22.1B, Noctuoidea, Notodontidae (Part 2, Conclusion). Heterocampinae, Nystaleinae, Dioptinae, Dicranurinae. The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation. ISBN 978-0979663352.
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Coelodasys unicornis: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Coelodasys unicornis, the unicorn caterpillar moth, unicorn prominent or variegated prominent, is a species of moth in the family Notodontidae. It was first described by James Edward Smith in 1797 and is found in North America south of the Arctic.

The wingspan is 24–35 mm. The forewings are dark grey, variably shaded and marked with yellowish, rose and brown. The hindwings are dirty white, shaded with grey in males and dark grey in females. Adults are on wing from February to September in the south and from May to August in the north. There is one generation per year.

The larvae feed on Alnus, Malus, Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera, Ulmus, Crataegus, Carya and Salix species. They are brown, although the second and third thoracic segments are bright green. The head is mottled brown. Larvae can be found from May to October in the south and from June to September in the north. The species overwinters in its pupae stage in a cocoon beneath leaf litter.

This species was formerly a member of the genus Schizura, but was transferred to Coelodasys as a result of research published in 2021.

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