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Distribution

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Continent: Asia
Distribution: SW China (W Yunnan, SW Sichuan)
Type locality: Tongchuan-fu, Yunnan.
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Nackenstachler ( German )

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Die Nackenstachler (Acanthosaura) sind eine Gattung der Agamen. Sie zeichnen sich vor allem durch ihre Stacheln im Nacken- und Rückenbereich, sowie über den Augen aus. Von den vier bisher beschriebenen Arten sind der Grüne Nackenstachler (Acanthosaura capra) und der Maskennackenstachler (Acanthosaura crucigera) die bekanntesten.

Verbreitung

Die Nackenstachler sind in Südostasien beheimatet, unter anderem in Ländern wie Thailand, Vietnam und Kambodscha. Dort leben sie in Wäldern mit dichtem Bewuchs. Ihrer Liebe zu fließenden Gewässern haben sie ihren Beinamen „Kleine Wasseragamen“ zu verdanken.

Aussehen

Alle fünf Arten sind etwa mittelgroß und weisen eine lebhafte Tarnfärbung auf, die besonders gut zur Geltung kommt, wenn die Tiere Stress empfinden oder am Morgen, wenn sie Wärme tanken wollen. Die charakteristischen Stacheln im Nackenbereich sind ebenfalls bei allen Arten zu finden.

Arten

Lebensweise

Im Vergleich zu anderen südostasiatischen Baumagamenarten, wie zum Beispiel den Schönechsen (Calotes), sind die Nackenstachler äußerst scheu. Meist flüchten sie ins dichte Gestrüpp, wenn sie entdeckt werden, oder drehen sich zumindest auf die dem Betrachter abgewandte Seite des Baumes, auf dem sie sitzen. Werden sie jedoch gefangen oder sehen keine Möglichkeit zur Flucht, so blähen sie als Drohgeste ihren Kehlsack auf. Bisse sind von den friedlichen Tieren nur ganz selten zu erwarten. In Gefangenschaft gehaltene Tiere gewöhnen sich schnell an den Menschen. Sie bilden sogar so viel Vertrauen, dass man sie aus der Hand füttern kann.

Nackenstachler haben einen recht abwechslungsreichen Speiseplan, so fressen sie nicht nur Insekten wie Grillen oder Käferlarven, sondern auch Spinnen, Regenwürmer, kleine Fische und Amphibien. Auch die gut getarnten Stabschrecken, die im gleichen Verbreitungsgebiet beheimatet sind, werden nicht verschont, sobald sie sich durch eine ungeschickte Bewegung verraten haben.

Literatur

  • Manfred Rogner: Echsen. Haltung, Pflege und Zucht im Terrarium. Band 1: Geckos, Flossenfüße, Agamen, Chamäleons und Leguane. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-8001-7248-8.

Weblinks

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Nackenstachler: Brief Summary ( German )

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Die Nackenstachler (Acanthosaura) sind eine Gattung der Agamen. Sie zeichnen sich vor allem durch ihre Stacheln im Nacken- und Rückenbereich, sowie über den Augen aus. Von den vier bisher beschriebenen Arten sind der Grüne Nackenstachler (Acanthosaura capra) und der Maskennackenstachler (Acanthosaura crucigera) die bekanntesten.

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Acanthosaura

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Acanthosaura is a genus of lizards, commonly known as mountain horned dragons or pricklenape agamas, in the family Agamidae. The common name "pricklenape" refers to a row of dorsal spines which runs down the back of the neck. They are arboreal lizards found in Southeast Asia. They are medium-sized, their total length (including tail) ranging from about 7.5 to 15 in (19 to 38 cm), depending on species and individual. As the common name "mountain horned dragons" implies, they tend to prefer higher elevation areas with dense vegetation.

Diet

Mountain horned dragons are insectivorous, consuming only live food. Common foods in captivity include crickets, earthworms, silkworms, mealworms, moths, roaches, wax worms, and grasshoppers. They require a variety in diet and will often refuse food when offered in excessive redundancy.

Typical Acanthosaura feeding behavior is a sit-and-wait style. They will perch 1 to 2 m (3.3 to 6.6 ft) off the ground until they spot their prey, which is often down on the ground. A display of aerobatics is not uncommon from Acanthosaura species when hunting food. They will eat and hunt fish, but most will not submerge their heads to catch a meal.

Reproduction

Females of the genus Acanthosaura lay their first clutch of eggs about four months after mating. They may lay up to four clutches total per year, separated by a month or two.

In captivity

Mountain horned dragons are popular pets, and readily available in the exotic pet trade. A. capra is considered the hardiest and most easily kept species of the genus, and is the most common species found for sale in the United States.[1] While not considered to be difficult to breed in captivity, most specimens available are wild caught. However, due to captive breeding, more and more captive bred lizards are available.

Species

Gallery

References

  1. ^ Captive care of mountain horned dragons
  2. ^ Wood, Perry L. Jr; Grismer, L. Lee; Grismer, Jesse L.; Neang, Thy; Chav, Thou; Holden, Jeremy (2010). "A new cryptic species of Acanthosaura Gray, 1831 (Squamata: Agamidae) from Thailand and Cambodia" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2488: 22–38. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2488.1.2. (Acanthosaura cardamomensis, new species).
  3. ^ Nguyen, Luan Thanh; Do, Dang Trong; Hoang, Ha Van; Nguyen, Thang Tai; McCormack, Timothy E. M.; Nguyen, Truong Quang; Orlov, Nikolai L. [in French]; Nguyen, Vu Dang Hoang; Nguyen, Sang Ngoc (2018). "A New Species of the Genus Acanthosaura Gray, 1831 (Reptilia: Agamidae) from Central Vietnam". Russian Journal of Herpetology. 25 (4): 259–274. doi:10.30906/1026-2296-2018-25-4-259-274. Retrieved 11 February 2019. (Acanthosaura murphyi, new species).
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Acanthosaura: Brief Summary

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Acanthosaura is a genus of lizards, commonly known as mountain horned dragons or pricklenape agamas, in the family Agamidae. The common name "pricklenape" refers to a row of dorsal spines which runs down the back of the neck. They are arboreal lizards found in Southeast Asia. They are medium-sized, their total length (including tail) ranging from about 7.5 to 15 in (19 to 38 cm), depending on species and individual. As the common name "mountain horned dragons" implies, they tend to prefer higher elevation areas with dense vegetation.

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Acanthosaura ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Acanthosaura es un género de iguanios de la familia Agamidae. Se distribuyen por zonas montañosas del Sudeste Asiático y del sur de China.

Especies

Se reconocen las siguientes según The Reptile Database:[1]

Referencias

  1. Uetz, P. & Jirí Hošek (ed.). «Acanthosaura». Reptile Database (en inglés). Reptarium. Consultado el 24 de diciembre de 2016.

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Acanthosaura: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Acanthosaura es un género de iguanios de la familia Agamidae. Se distribuyen por zonas montañosas del Sudeste Asiático y del sur de China.

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Acanthosaura ( Basque )

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Acanthosaura edo mendiko dragoiak narrastien barruan dagoen Agamidae familian sailkatutako genero bat da. Asiako hego-ekialdean eta Txinan bizi dira. 25 eta 50 zentimetroko arteko luzera dute eta intsektuak jaten dituzte batik-bat.

Espezieak

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Acanthosaura: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Acanthosaura edo mendiko dragoiak narrastien barruan dagoen Agamidae familian sailkatutako genero bat da. Asiako hego-ekialdean eta Txinan bizi dira. 25 eta 50 zentimetroko arteko luzera dute eta intsektuak jaten dituzte batik-bat.

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Acanthosaura ( French )

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Acanthosaura ou Acanthosaure est un genre de sauriens de la famille des Agamidae[1]. Les espèces de ce genre sont appelées dragon des montagnes.

Répartition

Les 14 espèces de ce genre se rencontrent en Asie du Sud-Est et dans le sud de la République populaire de Chine[1].

Elles vivent dans les forêts tropicales humides des montagnes.

Description

Ce sont des agames ovipares, diurnes et arboricoles qui portent tout le long du dos une grande rangée d'épines.

Ils mesurent entre 25 et 50 centimètres de long.

Comme ces lézards vivent à l'ombre de la canopée, ils ont une couleur brun olive et verte pour éviter d'être détectés par les prédateurs.[2]

Ils se nourrissent d'insectes et autres petits arthropodes ainsi que de vers de terre.

Liste des espèces

Selon Reptarium Reptile Database (28 mars 2020)[3] :

Publication originale

  • Gray, 1831 : Appendix. A synopsis of the species of the Class Reptilia, in Griffith, The Animal Kingdom Arranged in Conformity with its Organization, by the Baron Cuvier, with Additional Descriptions of all the Species Hitherto Named, and of Many not before Noticed, vol. 9, The Class Reptilia Arranged by the Baron Cuvier with Specific Descriptions by Edward Griffith, F.L.S., A.S., & c. and Edward Pigeon, Esq., p. 1-110.

Notes et références

  1. a et b Reptarium Reptile Database, consulté lors d'une mise à jour du lien externe
  2. Chris Mattison (trad. Yvan Ineich et Annemarie Ohler), Serpents, autres reptiles et amphibiens, Larousse, 2015, 352 p. (ISBN 978-2-03-589883-8), Acanthosaure de Boulenger page126
  3. Reptarium Reptile Database, consulté le 28 mars 2020
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Acanthosaura: Brief Summary ( French )

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Acanthosaura ou Acanthosaure est un genre de sauriens de la famille des Agamidae. Les espèces de ce genre sont appelées dragon des montagnes.

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Acanthosaura ( Polish )

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Acanthosaurarodzaj jaszczurki z podrodziny Draconinae w rodzinie agamowatych (Agamidae).

Zasięg występowania

Rodzaj obejmuje gatunki występujące w Azji Południowo-Wschodniej[3].

Charakterystyka

Jaszczurki z tego rodzaju prowadzą dzienny tryb życia. Żyją na drzewach, na terenach położonych od poziomu morza do 1450 m n.p.m. Żywią się owadami[4].

Systematyka

Etymologia

Acanthosaura: gr. ακανθα akantha „kolec, cierń”, od ακη akē „punkt”[5]; σαυρος sauros „jaszczurka”[6].

Podział systematyczny

Do rodzaju należą następujące gatunki[3]:

Przypisy

  1. Acanthosaura, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. J.E. Gray: A synopsis of the species of the class Reptilia. W: E. Griffith: The animal kingdom: arranged in conformity with its organization. Cz. 9. London: G.B. Whittaker, 1831, s. 56. (ang.)
  3. a b P. Uetz & J. Hallermann: Genus: Acanthosaura (ang.). The Reptile Database. [dostęp 2018-10-11].
  4. P.L. Wood Jr, L.L. Grismer, J.L. Grismer, T. Neang, T. Chav & J. Holden. A new cryptic species of Acanthosaura Gray, 1831 (Squamata: Agamidae) from Thailand and Cambodia. „Zootaxa”. 2488, s. 22–38, 2010 (ang.).
  5. Jaeger 1944 ↓, s. 4.
  6. Jaeger 1944 ↓, s. 203.
  7. Praca zbiorowa: Zwierzęta: encyklopedia ilustrowana. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 2005, s. 377. ISBN 83-01-14344-4.
  8. Luan Thanh Nguyen, Dang Trong Do, Ha Van Hoang, Thang Tai Nguyen, Timothy E. M. McCormack, Truong Quang Nguyen, Nikolai L. Orlov, Vu Dang Hoang Nguyen i Sang Ngoc Nguyen. A new species of the genus Acanthosaura Gray, 1831 (Reptilia: Agamidae) from central Vietnam. „Russian Journal of Herpetology”. 25 (4), s. 259–274, 2018 (ang.).

Bibliografia

  1. E.C. Jaeger: Source-book of biological names and terms. Springfield: Charles C. Thomas, 1944, s. 1–256. (ang.)
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Acanthosaura: Brief Summary ( Polish )

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Acanthosaura – rodzaj jaszczurki z podrodziny Draconinae w rodzinie agamowatych (Agamidae).

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Acanthosaura ( Portuguese )

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Acanthosaura é um gênero de lagartos arborícolas da família Agamidae que habitam o sudeste asiático e se alimentam de insetos e vermes.[1] Esses animais preferem viver em áreas de elevada altitude e densa vegetação e também podem ser mantidos em cativeiro.

Espécies

Referências

  1. «Acanthosaura». INaturalist (em inglês). Consultado em 18 de dezembro de 2019

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Acanthosaura: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

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Acanthosaura é um gênero de lagartos arborícolas da família Agamidae que habitam o sudeste asiático e se alimentam de insetos e vermes. Esses animais preferem viver em áreas de elevada altitude e densa vegetação e também podem ser mantidos em cativeiro.

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Acanthosaura ( Vietnamese )

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Nhông vảy (Danh pháp khoa học: Acanthosaura) là một chi thằn lằn bản địa được tìm thấy ở vùng Đông Nam Á. Chúng thuộc nhóm động vật bò sát, sinh sống trong những khu rừng ở Đông Nam Á.

Đặc điểm

Chúng có kích thước trung bình và dài từ 7,5 to 15 inches ở phần lớn các cá thể. Trên lưng và đầu chúng có những cái gai như vảy. Chúng là loài ăn côn trùng và chỉ ăn những con mồi còn sống, thức ăn thông dụng khi nuôi nhốt là dế, giun đất, nhộng tằm, ngài, gián, châu chấu. Chúng là những loài săn mồi theo kiểu mai phục, chúng ngồi chờ con mồi chạy ngang qua rồi đớp lấy. Con cái sẽ đẻ trứng sau 4 tháng khi giao phối. Nhiều loài nhông vảy là thú nuôi độc lạ như loài A. capra ở Hoa Kỳ[1]

Các loài

Tham khảo

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Acanthosaura: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Nhông vảy (Danh pháp khoa học: Acanthosaura) là một chi thằn lằn bản địa được tìm thấy ở vùng Đông Nam Á. Chúng thuộc nhóm động vật bò sát, sinh sống trong những khu rừng ở Đông Nam Á.

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クシトカゲ属 ( Japanese )

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クシトカゲ属 Acanthosaura sp.jpg
ベトナムクシトカゲ
Acanthosaura cf. capra
分類 : 動物界 Animalia : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata : 爬虫綱 Reptilia : 有鱗目 Squamata 亜目 : トカゲ亜目 Sauria 下目 : イグアナ下目 Iguania : アガマ科 Agamidae 亜科 : アガマ亜科 Agaminae : クシトカゲ属 Acanthosaura

クシトカゲ属(-ぞく、Acanthosaura)は、爬虫綱有鱗目アガマ科に属する属。

分布[編集]

インドネシアスマトラ島)、カンボジアタイ中国(南部、海南島)、ベトナムマレーシアマレー半島)、ミャンマーラオス

形態[編集]

全長20-30cm。体色は褐色だが、種によっては緑色の個体もいる。

後頭部から背面にかけて棘状の鱗(クレスト)があり櫛の様に見えることが属名の由来。属名Acanthosauraは「棘のあるトカゲ」の意。種によっては後頭部に1対の角状の突起がある。

生態[編集]

比較的標高の高い森林に生息する。咽頭部に垂れ下がった袋状の皮膚(咽喉垂)を広げ威嚇や繁殖行動を行う。

食性は雑食で、昆虫類節足動物ミミズ等を食べる。

繁殖形態は卵生。

分類[編集]

人間との関係[編集]

ペット用として輸入されることがあり、日本にも輸入されている。主に野生個体が流通するが、繁殖個体が流通することもある。流通量は多くはないが、特にベニクシトカゲの流通は稀。

関連項目[編集]

 src= ウィキスピーシーズにクシトカゲ属に関する情報があります。 執筆の途中です この項目は、動物に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めていますPortal:生き物と自然プロジェクト:生物)。
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クシトカゲ属: Brief Summary ( Japanese )

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クシトカゲ属(-ぞく、Acanthosaura)は、爬虫綱有鱗目アガマ科に属する属。

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