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Description

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A small, squat, rugose frog, brownish black in color with black bands and/or stripes. Males up to 25mm SVL, females to 35mm (Iskandar, 1998).K. minusculus is related to K. pluerostigma.
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Distribution and Habitat

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This species is known only from the eastern end of Sumatra Island (vicinity of Lampung) as well as the extreme western margin of Java Island. On Java, it is known only from the Ujung Kulon Peninsula and the adjacent small island of Peucang (iskandar, 1998).
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Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors

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Females lay 30-50 eggs.
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Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors

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K. minusculus is threatened by habitat loss and land conversion to agriculture.
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Kalophrynus minusculus

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Kalophrynus minusculus is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Indonesia and occurs on extreme western Java and on the southeastern tip of Sumatra.[1][2][3] It is a relatively small frog, as suggested by its specific name minusculus[4] and vernacular names small sticky frog and dwarf sticky frog.[2][3]

Description

Adult males grow to 25 mm (1.0 in) and adult females to (based on a single specimen) 35 mm (1.4 in) in snout–vent length. The head is wider than it is long. The eyes are moderately large. The tympana are visible and smaller than the eyes. The dorsum is brownish black with darker bands and stripes.[4]

Females lay 30–50 eggs that hatch into non-feeding tadpoles.[3][4]

Habitat and conservation

Kalophrynus minusculus occurs in lowland forests, including degraded, patchy forests with canopy cover. It can be found in large numbers during the reproductive season when it breeds in temporary pools on the forest floor. However, at other times, it is difficult to find because it is well camouflaged with the forest substrate.[1]

It is threatened by habitat loss caused by logging and agricultural encroachment, especially on Java. It is present in the Ujung Kulon National Park (Java) and Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (Sumatra).[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2018). "Kalophrynus minusculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T57840A114919290. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T57840A114919290.en. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c Frost, Darrel R. (2020). "Kalophrynus minusculus Iskandar, 1998". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  3. ^ a b c "Kalophrynus minusculus". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  4. ^ a b c Zug, George R. (2015). "Morphology and systematics of Kalophrynus interlineatus–pleurostigma populations (Anura: Microhylidae: Kalophryninae) and a taxonomy of the genus Kalophrynus Tschudi, Asian sticky frogs". Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. Series 4. 62 (5): 135–190.
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Kalophrynus minusculus: Brief Summary

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Kalophrynus minusculus is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Indonesia and occurs on extreme western Java and on the southeastern tip of Sumatra. It is a relatively small frog, as suggested by its specific name minusculus and vernacular names small sticky frog and dwarf sticky frog.

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