Nannoplecostomus eleonorae Ribeiro, Lima & Pereira 2012

This species is distinguished by the following characters: unique lateral dermal plate arrangement, in which the mid-dorsal and median plate series are greatly reduced in number of elements; thus, most of the body is covered by only three series of plates (viz., dorsal, mid-ventral, and ventral plate series) posteriorly from the abdomen to caudal peduncle (vs. typically five lateral dermal plate series present, plate series decreasing to three series, viz. dorsal, median, and ventral plate series, only at the caudal peduncle in most other Loricariidae genera) (Ref. 92524).

The type-locality, the Rio da Lapa, is a moderately sized (8-12 meters wide), fast-flowing, clear-water river, with a predominantly rocky bottom, running across the savannah-like cerrado vegetation. Also known in the São Domingos karst area, situated immediately below the river resurgences of several tributaries of the Rio São Domingos, including the Rio da Lapa. Not recorded within the subterranean river stretches (Ref. 92524).

Nannoplecostomus eleonorae is a species of armored catfish known only from the upper Rio Tocantins basin in the Brazilian state of Goiás. This species grows to a length of 2.22 centimetres (0.87 in) SL. This species is the only known member of its genus and the smallest loricariid catfish known.

The fish was named in honor of Brazilian biospeleologist Eleonora Trajano, for her contributions to the knowledge of the diversity of Brazilian troglobitic fishes, including the fishes of the karst area of São Domingos, where this catfish is found.