dcsimg

Description

provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
Shrubs or small trees. Stipules 0. Leaf surface with characteristic fine tertiary venation. Flowers in fascicles amongst the leaves and on older wood. Calyx of 5 sepals. Corolla of 5 unlobed petals. Staminodes large, petaloid. Fruit a 1-seeded berry; style persistent. Seed subspherical, faintly 5-ribbed with small subcircular basal scar.
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Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
bibliographic citation
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Sideroxylon Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/genus.php?genus_id=1069
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Mark Hyde
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Bart Wursten
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Petra Ballings
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Flora of Zimbabwe

Sideroxylon

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Sideroxylon is a genus of trees in the family Sapotaceae described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753.[3][5] They are collectively known as bully trees. The generic name is derived from the Greek words σιδηρος (sideros), meaning "iron", and ξύλον (xylon), meaning "wood."[6]

Distribution

The genus is distributed mainly in North and South America, but also in Africa, Madagascar, southern Asia, and various oceanic islands.[4] Some species, such as gum bully (S. lanuginosum), S. tenax, and buckthorn bully (S. lycioides), are found in subtropical areas of North America. The only South African species, the white milkwood (S. inerme), is associated with three historical sites, and these individuals were declared national monuments due to their unusual longevity.[7][8]

Ecology

Several species have become rare due to logging and other forms of habitat destruction. The tambalacoque (S. grandiflorum) of Mauritius was affected by the extinction of the birds which dispersed its seed; it was suggested that the species entirely depended on the dodo (Raphus cucullatus) for that purpose and nearly became a victim of coextinction, but this is not correct.[9][10] Bully trees provide food for the larvae of certain Lepidoptera, such as the bumelia webworm moth (Urodus parvula) as well as several species of Coleoptera of the genus Plinthocoelium, commonly known as bumelia borers.

Species

Accepted species[4]

Formerly placed here

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sideroxylon.
Wikispecies has information related to Sideroxylon.
  1. ^ "Genus: Sideroxylon L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2009-09-30. Retrieved 2010-11-01.
  2. ^ lectotype designated by Baillon, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 908 (1891)
  3. ^ a b Tropicos, Sideroxylon L.
  4. ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  5. ^ Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 192-193 in Latin
  6. ^ Gledhill, D. (2008). The Names of Plants (4 ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 352. ISBN 978-0-521-86645-3.
  7. ^ Flora of North America, Vol. 8 Page 236, Bully, Sideroxylon Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 192. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 89. 1754.
  8. ^ Flora of China, Vol. 15 Page 212, 铁榄属 tie lan shu Sinosideroxylon (Engler) Aubreville, Adansonia, n.s. 3: 32. 1963.
  9. ^ Witmer, M. C.; A. S. Cheke (1991). "The dodo and the tambalacoque tree: an obligate mutualism reconsidered". Oikos. 61 (1): 133–137. doi:10.2307/3545415. JSTOR 3545415.
  10. ^ Hershey, D. R. (2004). "The widespread misconception that the tambalacoque absolutely required the dodo for its seeds to germinate". Plant Science Bulletin. 50: 105–108.
  11. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon lanuginosum
  12. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon lycioides
  13. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon reclinatum
  14. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon tenax
  15. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon thornei
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "GRIN Species Records of Sideroxylon". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-09-10.

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Sideroxylon: Brief Summary

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Leaves of Sideroxylon mirmulans

Sideroxylon is a genus of trees in the family Sapotaceae described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753. They are collectively known as bully trees. The generic name is derived from the Greek words σιδηρος (sideros), meaning "iron", and ξύλον (xylon), meaning "wood."

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