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Christmas Island Shrew

Crocidura trichura Dobson ex Thomas 1889

Weihnachtsinsel-Spitzmaus ( German )

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Die Weihnachtsinsel-Spitzmaus (Crocidura trichura) ist eine vermutlich ausgestorbene Spitzmaus aus der Gattung der Weißzahnspitzmäuse. Sie kam auf der Weihnachtsinsel vor.

Merkmale

Die Weihnachtsinsel-Spitzmaus erreichte eine Kopf-Rumpf-Länge von 65 bis 82 mm, eine Schwanzlänge von 63 bis 75 mm, eine Hinterfußlänge von 13 bis 17 mm und ein Gewicht von 4,5 bis 6,0 Gramm. Das dicht behaarte Fell war hell- oder rötlichbraun bis dunkelgrau.

Lebensweise

Die Weihnachtsinsel-Spitzmaus war ein Regenwaldbewohner. Sie lebte in Felslöchern oder unter Baumwurzeln und ernährte sich hauptsächlich von Käfern. In der Nacht ertönte ein schriller, quietschender Ruf, der schon von weitem zu hören war.

Bestand und Gefährdung

Bei ihrer Entdeckung in den 1880er-Jahren wurde die Weihnachtsinsel-Spitzmaus als häufig und weitverbreitet beschrieben. Dies änderte sich jedoch, als Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts die Wälder auf der Weihnachtsinsel gerodet wurden. Mit den Siedlern kamen Hausratten auf die Insel, die den Trypanosomen-Erreger einschleppten. Die Trypanosomen gelten als Hauptursache für das Aussterben der Maclear-Ratte und der Weihnachtsinsel-Ratte, und auch die Weihnachtsinsel-Spitzmaus wurde ab 1908 für ausgestorben gehalten. Von einer unbestätigten Sichtung im Jahre 1958 abgesehen, kam es 1985 zur Wiederentdeckung. Zwei Exemplare wurden gefangen, die jedoch kurze Zeit später verendeten. Zwischen 1996 und 1998 soll es mehrere unbestätigte Sichtungen gegeben haben. Bei intensiven Suchexpeditionen im Jahre 2000 konnte jedoch kein Exemplar mehr nachgewiesen werden. Das Verschwinden dieser Spitzmaus in jüngster Zeit könnte mit der Ausbreitung der Gelben Spinnerameise (Anoplolepis gracilipes) in Zusammenhang stehen, die für viele Tierarten auf der Weihnachtsinsel eine tödliche Bedrohung darstellt. Die IUCN stuft die Art in die Kategorie „vom Aussterben bedroht (vermutlich ausgestorben)“ (critically endangered (possibly extinct)) ein.

Systematik

Die Weihnachtsinsel-Spitzmaus wurde zeitweise als Unterart der Wimpernspitzmaus (Crocidura attenuata)[1] beziehungsweise der Südostasiatischen Spitzmaus (Crocidura fuliginosa) betrachtet.[2] Morphologische Unterschiede zwischen den Taxa und die weiten Entfernungen zwischen den Verbreitungsgebieten deuten jedoch eher auf eine eigenständige Art hin.[3]

Literatur

  • Francis Harper: Extinct and Vanishing Mammals of the Old World (= American Committee for International Wild Life Protection. Special Publication. Bd. 12, ). American Committee for International Wild Life Protection, New York NY 1945.
  • Paulina D. Jenkins: Variation in Eurasian shrews of the genus Crocidura (Insectivora: Sodicidae). Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History 30, 1976, S. 271–309.
  • David Day: The Doomsday Book of Animals. A Natural History of Vanished Species. Viking Press, New York NY 1981, ISBN 0-670-27987-0.
  • Manuel Ruedi: Taxonomic revision of shrews of the genus Crocidura from the Sunda Shelf and Sulawesi with description of two new species (Mammalia: Soricidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 115, 1995, S. 211–265.
  • Michael Schulz: National Recovery Plan for the Christmas Island Shrew (Crocidura attenuata trichura). Department of the Environment and Heritage, Canberra 2004, Volltext (PDF; 401 KB).
  • Rainer Hutterer: Order Soricomorpha. In: Don E. Wilson, DeeAnn M. Reeder (Hrsg.): Mammal Species of the World. A taxonomic and geographic Reference. Band 1. 3. Auflage. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4, S. 220–311.

Einzelnachweise

  1. Rainer Hutterer: Order Soricomorpha. In: Don E. Wilson, DeeAnn M. Reeder (Hrsg.): Mammal Species of the World. A taxonomic and geographic Reference. Band 1. 3. Auflage. 2005, S. 220–311.
  2. Francis Harper: Extinct and Vanishing Mammals of the Old World. 1945.
  3. Michael Schulz: National Recovery Plan for the Christmas Island Shrew (Crocidura attenuata trichura). 2004.
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Weihnachtsinsel-Spitzmaus: Brief Summary ( German )

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Die Weihnachtsinsel-Spitzmaus (Crocidura trichura) ist eine vermutlich ausgestorbene Spitzmaus aus der Gattung der Weißzahnspitzmäuse. Sie kam auf der Weihnachtsinsel vor.

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Christmas Island shrew

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The Christmas Island shrew (Crocidura trichura), also known as the Christmas Island musk-shrew is an extremely rare or possibly extinct shrew from Christmas Island. It was variously placed as subspecies of the Asian gray shrew (Crocidura attenuata) or the Southeast Asian shrew (Crocidura fuliginosa),[2] but morphological differences and the large distance between the species indicate that it is an entirely distinct species.[3]

Description

The Christmas Island shrew, like other members of the genus Crocidura, is a small short-legged mammal with a distinct pointed muzzle. It has a dark grey to reddish brown colouring. Like all other shrews, the Christmas Island shrew resembles a mouse and weighs in a range between 4.5g-6g.[4] The Christmas Island shrew varies from other forms of the species in that it is beset with long fine hairs, and its tail is much greater in length.[5] The typical lifespan for its genus is approximately one year, but Crocidurine shrews have been reported to live for up to two years in the wild.[6]

Habitat

The Christmas Island shrew is a terrestrial animal that occupies tall plateau rainforests with deep soil, as well as the shallow soil of terrace rainforests. It remains unknown if the species can live in secondary growth. This shrew feeds primarily on small beetles and uses holes in rocks and tree roots for shelter.[1]

Status

The most recent specimens of C. trichura were found in 1985, although a survey conducted fifteen years later failed to find any individuals. The current population trend is unknown.[1]

According to Version 3.1 of the IUCN's criteria for critically endangered, endangered, and vulnerable species, C. trichura is critically endangered and possibly extinct.[1]

Causes of endangerment

There is conclusive evidence that Crocidura trichura has declined dramatically since 1900, yet the reason is unproven. After an unconfirmed sighting in 1958, it was rediscovered in 1985 when two specimens were caught. The two individuals later died. Several unconfirmed reports occurred between 1996 and 1998 but a survey undertaken in 2000 failed to find any individuals.[7] The reasons for the population's reduction are unknown but potential threats include disease, habitat loss, habitat alteration due to invasive weeds, predation from species such as cats and black rats, small population size, and mortality from road traffic.[1] Its disappearance in recent times might be caused by the accidentally introduced yellow crazy ant (Anoplolepis gracilipes), which is a dangerous threat for many terrestrial animals on Christmas Island.[7]

Trypanosoma disease

The theory of Durham (1908) and Pickering and Norris (1996) report that the decline of two endemic rats may be attributed to the infection of the Christmas Island shrew, according to local researchers. This forest dwelling mammal was at first thought to have vanished by 1908, probably due to a trypanosoma disease carried by introduced black rats, which is also considered a likely cause of the extinctions of Maclear's rat and the bulldog rat.[7] The initial drop in C. trichura’s population size occurred around the same time as the introduction of the Rattus rattus (the black rat), which carried a murid trypanosome. Evidence of the black rat and/or the parasite causing the Christmas Island shrew's population decline is not solid.[8]

Gecarcoidea natalis

Another theory on the decline of Crocidura trichura is linked to the demise of the two endemic rats, and the competition left amongst the Christmas Island shrew and the Christmas Island red crab (Gecarcoidea natalis) for leaf litter resources. The decline of predator rat species allowed for the quickened rise of G. natalis, a usual prey of the rats.[9] This could have forced C. trichura into new habitats such as tree canopies, or sites with low crab abundances. The population of C. trichura may have been pressured by their vulnerability during weaning.[10] They left the nest immediately and tended to aimlessly wander as juveniles, making them vulnerable to predation by crabs.

Recovery

The Australian Government has adopted a recovery plan for the Christmas Island shrew consisting of two stages of objectives[4]

Stage 1[7]:

  • Clarify the taxonomic status of the Christmas Island Shrew
  • Clarify the current status and distribution
  • Develop a Wildlife Management program for the habitat
  • Control abundance and spread of Yellow Crazy Ants
  • Implement community awareness program that may assist in the location of previously unknown populations

Stage 2[7]:

  • Establish Captive breeding populations from any wild populations of shrews found
  • Effectively protect and manage wildlife population
  • Identify Habitat critical to survival including shelter, breeding, and foraging habitat
  • Determine and mitigate threatening processes affecting populations

The Australian Government also believes that habitat protection from or eradication of the Yellow Crazy Ant is vital in order for the species to fully recover. The Yellow Ant is known to be extremely destructive to the ecosystem on Christmas Island, often killing land crabs, endemic reptiles, and a wide range of native invertebrate. The Yellow Crazy Ants are believed to be a danger to all mammals, birds, and reptiles on the island because the ants either act as predators to the species or deplete its resources and destroy the habitat in which the species lives, causing loss of life in both scenarios.[11]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Woinarski, J.; Burbidge, A.A.; Lumsden, L. (2016). "Crocidura trichura". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136379A22304640. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T136379A22304640.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. ^ Francis Harper (1945). Extinct and Vanishing Mammals of the Old World. New York, American Committee for International Wild Life Protection.
  3. ^ Rainer Hutterer (2005). "Crocidura trichura". In D. E. Wilson; D. M. Reeder (eds.). Mammal Species of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press.
  4. ^ a b "Crocidura trichura — Christmas Island Shrew". www.environment.gov.au. Commonwealth of Australia: Department of the Environment. Retrieved 2015-10-29.
  5. ^ Andrews, C. W. 1900. A Monograph of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean). British Museum of Natural History, London, UK.
  6. ^ Meek, Paul (2000). "The Decline and Current Status of the Christmas Island Shrew". Australian Mammalogy. 22 (1): 43-49. doi:10.1071/AM00043.
  7. ^ a b c d e Michael Schulz (2004). National Recovery Plan for the Christmas Island Shrew Crocidura attenuata trichura (PDF). Canberra: Department of the Environment and Heritage. p. 23.
  8. ^ Eldridge, Mark D. B.; Meek, Paul D.; Johnson, Rebecca N. (2014). "Taxonomic Uncertainty and the Loss of Biodiversity on Christmas Island, Indian Ocean". Conservation Biology. 28 (2): 572–579. doi:10.1111/cobi.12177. PMID 24283832.
  9. ^ Meek, Paul (2000). "The Decline and Current Status of the Christmas Island Shrew" (PDF). Australian Mammalogy.
  10. ^ "Full text of "The mammals of China and Mongolia"". archive.org. Retrieved 2015-10-29.
  11. ^ "Invasion of the yellow crazy ant - key threatening process listing | NSW Environment & Heritage". www.environment.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 2015-10-29.

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Christmas Island shrew: Brief Summary

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The Christmas Island shrew (Crocidura trichura), also known as the Christmas Island musk-shrew is an extremely rare or possibly extinct shrew from Christmas Island. It was variously placed as subspecies of the Asian gray shrew (Crocidura attenuata) or the Southeast Asian shrew (Crocidura fuliginosa), but morphological differences and the large distance between the species indicate that it is an entirely distinct species.

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Crocidura trichura ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Crocidura trichura o también conocida como musaraña de la Isla de Navidad es una especie de musaraña de la familia de los soricidae. Se puede encontrar en la Isla de Navidad (Australia), aunque probablemente esté extinta.[1]

Referencias

  1. a b Woinarski, J., Burbidge, A.A. & Lumsden, L. (2015). «Crocidura trichura». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2021.2 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 30 de septiembre de 2021.

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Crocidura trichura: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Crocidura trichura o también conocida como musaraña de la Isla de Navidad es una especie de musaraña de la familia de los soricidae. Se puede encontrar en la Isla de Navidad (Australia), aunque probablemente esté extinta.​

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Crocidura trichura ( Basque )

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Crocidura trichura Crocidura generoko animalia da. Lehen Insectivora edo Soricomorpha deitzen zen taldearen barruan daude. Gaur egun Lipotyphla deitzen den taldearen barruko Crocidurinae azpifamilia eta Soricidae familian sailkatuta dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)Mammals - full taxonomy and Red List status Ugaztun guztien egoera 2008an
  2. Dobson in Thomas (1888) 1888 Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 532. or..

Ikus, gainera

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Crocidura trichura: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Crocidura trichura Crocidura generoko animalia da. Lehen Insectivora edo Soricomorpha deitzen zen taldearen barruan daude. Gaur egun Lipotyphla deitzen den taldearen barruko Crocidurinae azpifamilia eta Soricidae familian sailkatuta dago.

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Crocidura trichura ( French )

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Crocidura trichura est une espèce de musaraignes de la famille des Soricidae endémique de l'île Christmas en Australie. L'espèce est en danger critique d'extinction. Elle pourrait être fonctionnellement éteinte[2],[3] .

Notes et références

  1. Bánki, O., Roskov, Y., Vandepitte, L., DeWalt, R. E., Remsen, D., Schalk, P., Orrell, T., Keping, M., Miller, J., Aalbu, R., Adlard, R., Adriaenssens, E., Aedo, C., Aescht, E., Akkari, N., Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A., Alvarez, B., Alvarez, F., Anderson, G., et al. (2021). Catalogue of Life Checklist (Version 2021-10-18). Catalogue of Life. https://doi.org/10.48580/d4t2, consulté le 9 juin 2018
  2. Martin Schulz, National Recovery Plan for the Christmas Island Shrew (Crocidura attenuata trichura), Australian Government, The Department of the Environment and Energy, 2004 (ISBN 0-642-55011-5, lire en ligne) :

    « The Christmas Island Shrew was thought to be extinct until the accidental separate finding of two individuals in 1985... Information indicating the unconfirmed capture of two other shrews in 1958 when South Point (approx.: 10°33'S, 105°39'E) was being cleared for mining was provided by D. Powell (pers. comm. 1997 cited in Meek 1998). »

  3. Platt, « Holiday Species Snapshot: Christmas Island Shrew », Scientific American, 23 décembre 2014 (consulté le 18 mai 2019) : « There's an official species recovery plan in place, though, just in case the shrews ever show up again. Sadly, that seems like it would require a Christmas miracle. »

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Crocidura trichura: Brief Summary ( French )

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Crocidura trichura est une espèce de musaraignes de la famille des Soricidae endémique de l'île Christmas en Australie. L'espèce est en danger critique d'extinction. Elle pourrait être fonctionnellement éteinte, .

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Crocidura trichura ( Italian )

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Il toporagno dell'isola di Natale (Crocidura trichura (Dobson in Thomas, 1889)) è un toporagno della famiglia dei Soricidi, endemico dell'Isola di Natale.[1][2]

Descrizione

Dimensioni

Toporagno di piccole dimensioni, con la lunghezza della testa e del corpo tra 65 e 82 mm, la lunghezza della coda tra 63 e 75 mm e un peso fino a 6 g.[3]

Aspetto

Il colore generale del corpo varia tra il marrone chiaro o il bruno-rossastro e il grigio scuro. La coda è più corta della testa e del corpo ed è densamente ricoperta di setole.

Biologia

Comportamento

Si rifugia nei buchi delle rocce e sotto le radici degli alberi.

Alimentazione

Si nutre principalmente di piccoli coleotteri.

Distribuzione e habitat

Questa specie è conosciuta soltanto sull'Isola di Natale.

Vive nelle foreste pluviali.

Conservazione

La Lista rossa IUCN classifica Crocidura trichura come specie in pericolo critico di estinzione (Critically Endangered).[1]

Note

  1. ^ a b c (EN) Woinarski, J., Burbidge, A.A. & Lumsden, L. 2016, Crocidura trichura, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ (EN) D.E. Wilson e D.M. Reeder, Crocidura trichura, in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3ª ed., Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
  3. ^ Schulz, 2004.

Bibliografia

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Crocidura trichura: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Il toporagno dell'isola di Natale (Crocidura trichura (Dobson in Thomas, 1889)) è un toporagno della famiglia dei Soricidi, endemico dell'Isola di Natale.

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Crocidura trichura ( Latin )

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Crocidura trichura, vulgo crocidura Insulae Christi Natalis, est rarissima vel fortasse exstincta crocidura in Insula Christi Natalis Australiae endemica. Olim putata est subspecies Crocidurae attenuatae (crocidurae griseae Asianae) vel Crocidurae fuliginosae (crocidurae Asiae Meridio-Orientalis),[2] sed varietates morphologicae et magnum spatium inter species significant eam speciem distinctam esse.[3] Hoc mammale, quod in silvis habitat, primum ante 1908 evanuisse putabatur, probabiliter ob trypanosomam, morbum per Rattum rattum introductum, quae etiam probabilis exstinctionum Ratti macleari et Ratti nativitatis causa putatur.[4] Post autem visum non confirmatum anno 1958, iterum reperta est anno 1985, cum duo specimina capta essent. Hi singuli mox mortui sunt. Nonnullae relationes non confirmatae inter 1996 et 1998 factae sunt, sed indagatio anno 2000 facta nullos invenit singulos.[4] Quod solum temporibus recentioribus evanuit fortasse effectum est per Anaplolepem gracilipedem, fortuito introductum, qui periculosas iactat minas multorum animalium terrestrium Insulae Christi Natalis.[4]

Notae

  1. L. Lumsden & M. Schulz (2008). Crocidura trichura. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  2. Francis Harper (1945). Extinct and Vanishing Mammals of the Old World .
  3. Rainer Hutterer (2005). "Crocidura trichura". In D. E. Wilson & D. M. Reeder. Mammal Species of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press .
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Michael Schulz (2004) (PDF). National Recovery Plan for the Christmas Island Shrew Crocidura attenuata trichura. Canberra: Department of the Environment and Heritage. pp. 23
Mammalia Haec stipula ad mammale spectat. Amplifica, si potes!
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Crocidura trichura: Brief Summary ( Latin )

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Crocidura trichura, vulgo crocidura Insulae Christi Natalis, est rarissima vel fortasse exstincta crocidura in Insula Christi Natalis Australiae endemica. Olim putata est subspecies Crocidurae attenuatae (crocidurae griseae Asianae) vel Crocidurae fuliginosae (crocidurae Asiae Meridio-Orientalis), sed varietates morphologicae et magnum spatium inter species significant eam speciem distinctam esse. Hoc mammale, quod in silvis habitat, primum ante 1908 evanuisse putabatur, probabiliter ob trypanosomam, morbum per Rattum rattum introductum, quae etiam probabilis exstinctionum Ratti macleari et Ratti nativitatis causa putatur. Post autem visum non confirmatum anno 1958, iterum reperta est anno 1985, cum duo specimina capta essent. Hi singuli mox mortui sunt. Nonnullae relationes non confirmatae inter 1996 et 1998 factae sunt, sed indagatio anno 2000 facta nullos invenit singulos. Quod solum temporibus recentioribus evanuit fortasse effectum est per Anaplolepem gracilipedem, fortuito introductum, qui periculosas iactat minas multorum animalium terrestrium Insulae Christi Natalis.

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Crocidura trichura ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Crocidura trichura is een zeer zeldzame spitsmuis uit het geslacht Crocidura die voorkomt op Christmaseiland, een Australisch eiland in de Indische Oceaan. Deze soort wordt soms beschouwd als een ondersoort van de Aziatische Crocidura attenuata, maar morfologische verschillen en de grote afstand tussen deze soorten wijzen erop dat het om een aparte soort gaat.

Toen de eerste bewoners op het eiland arriveerden, aan het eind van de 19e eeuw, kwam C. trichura nog algemeen voor op het hele eiland, zowel op de hogere delen van het eiland als bij de zeekust. Daarna werd hij echter snel zeldzamer; na 1908 werd hij niet meer gevonden. Sindsdien werd deze spitsmuis als uitgestorven beschouwd, tot er in 1985 weer twee exemplaren werden gevonden. Sindsdien zouden er nog enkele keren spitsmuizen zijn gezien op het eiland, maar dat kon nooit worden bevestigd. De soort is nu ofwel extreem zeldzaam, ofwel al uitgestorven. Het is niet bekend waarom de soort zo zeldzaam is geworden. Mogelijke oorzaken zijn een ziekte, de introductie van de gekke gele mier (Anoplolepis gracilipes), vernietiging van zijn habitat, veranderingen in het regenwoud door de uitsterving van de twee ratten van het eiland, Rattus macleari en Rattus nativitatis, predatie door geïntroduceerde roofdieren als de kat, een kleine, kwetsbare populatie, sterfte in het verkeer en bosbranden.

De soort zoekt beschutting in holen in rotsen of boomwortels en eet kleine kevers. Het dier maakt een vreemd trillend, piepend geluid, dat toen de soort nog algemeen was overal in het regenwoud kon worden gehoord. Deze spitsmuis heeft een licht- of roodbruine tot grijze vacht en weegt 4,5 tot 6,0 g.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  • Hutterer, R. 2005. Order Soricomorpha. Pp. 220-311 in Wilson, D.E. & Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3rd ed. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols., 2142 pp. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4
  • Schulz, M. 2004. National Recovery Plan for the Christmas Island Shrew Crocidura attenuata trichura. Canberra: Department of the Environment and Heritage, 23 pp.
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Crocidura trichura ( Swedish )

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Crocidura trichura[2] är en däggdjursart som beskrevs av Dobson in Thomas 1889. Crocidura trichura ingår i släktet Crocidura och familjen näbbmöss.[3][4] IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som akut hotad.[1] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[3]

Denna näbbmus förekommer endemiskJulön. Arten var redan sällsynt när den upptäcktes. De senaste bekräftade iakttagelser är från 1998. Senare fynd från lekman är dokumenterade men inte godkända. Habitatet utgörs av regnskogar. Crocidura trichura vilar i bergssprickor och i håligheter under rötter. Den äter mindre skalbaggar och kanske andra ryggradslösa djur.[1]

Källor

  1. ^ [a b c] 2008 Crocidura trichura Från: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 <www.iucnredlist.org>. Läst 2012-10-24.
  2. ^ Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. (2005) , Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2, Crocidura trichura
  3. ^ [a b] Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (9 april 2011). ”Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/crocidura+trichura/match/1. Läst 24 september 2012.
  4. ^ ITIS: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Orrell T. (custodian), 2011-04-26

Externa länkar

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Crocidura trichura: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

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Crocidura trichura är en däggdjursart som beskrevs av Dobson in Thomas 1889. Crocidura trichura ingår i släktet Crocidura och familjen näbbmöss. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som akut hotad. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Denna näbbmus förekommer endemiskJulön. Arten var redan sällsynt när den upptäcktes. De senaste bekräftade iakttagelser är från 1998. Senare fynd från lekman är dokumenterade men inte godkända. Habitatet utgörs av regnskogar. Crocidura trichura vilar i bergssprickor och i håligheter under rötter. Den äter mindre skalbaggar och kanske andra ryggradslösa djur.

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Crocidura trichura ( Vietnamese )

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Crocidura trichura là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Chuột chù, bộ Soricomorpha. Loài này được Dobson in Thomas mô tả năm 1888.[2]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ L. Lumsden & M. Schulz (2008). Crocidura trichura. 2008 Sách đỏ IUCN. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế 2008. Truy cập ngày 31 tháng 1 năm 2010.
  2. ^ a ă Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. biên tập (2005). “Crocidura trichura”. Mammal Species of the World . Baltimore: Nhà in Đại học Johns Hopkins, 2 tập (2.142 trang). ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.

Tham khảo

Liên kết ngoài

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Crocidura trichura: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Crocidura trichura là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Chuột chù, bộ Soricomorpha. Loài này được Dobson in Thomas mô tả năm 1888.

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Crocidura trichura ( Russian )

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Царство: Животные
Подцарство: Эуметазои
Без ранга: Вторичноротые
Подтип: Позвоночные
Инфратип: Челюстноротые
Надкласс: Четвероногие
Подкласс: Звери
Инфракласс: Плацентарные
Надотряд: Лавразиотерии
Семейство: Землеройковые
Подсемейство: Белозубочьи
Вид: Crocidura trichura
Международное научное название

Crocidura trichura
Dobson in Thomas, 1889

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ITIS 709767NCBI 1414670EOL 323521

Crocidura trichura (лат., возможное русское название — белозубка острова Рождества) — вероятно вымерший в XX веке вид млекопитающих из семейства землеройковых, эндемичный для острова Рождества. Иногда считается подвидом одного из двух других видов, но отличия между ним и указанными видами говорят в пользу того, что речь идёт об отдельном[1]. Если эта белозубка не вымерла, её следует считать очень редкой.

История изучения

Считается, что снижение численности вида произошло в начале XX века. Последний раз их достоверно наблюдали в 1980-х, затем было несколько не подтверждённых наблюдений. В 2000 году заметить животных уже не удалось.

Правительство Австралии разработало план воссоздания вида.

Описание и образ жизни

Как и другие представители рода белозубок (Crocidura), это маленькое коротконогое млекопитающее. Питается насекомыми, находит убежище в норах в почве или корнях деревьев[2]. Crocidura trichura отличаются от других видов рода тем, что покрыты длинными тонкими волосками. Их хвосты тоже гораздо длиннее[3]. Другие виды их рода в среднем живут по году, однако представители Crocidura trichura в дикой природе жили до двух лет[4].

Причины предполагаемого вымирания

Причинами исчезновения этих белозубок считают: случайно завезённых на остров муравьёв Anoplolepis gracilipes; заболевание трипаносомой, которую принесли чёрные крысы[5]; крабов Gecarcoidea natalis. Также в качестве возможных причин вымирания называются уничтожение кошками, крысами или потери популяции от машин на дорогах.

Примечания

  1. Rainer Hutterer. Crocidura trichura // Mammal Species of the World / D. E. Wilson, D. M. Reeder. — Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005.
  2. Crocidura trichura (Christmas Island Shrew) (неопр.). www.iucnredlist.org. Проверено 29 октября 2015.
  3. Andrews-++ C. W. 1900. A Monograph of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean). British Museum of Natural History, London, UK.
  4. Meek, Paul. (2000). «The Decline and Current Status of the Christmas Island Shrew» (PDF). Australian Mammalogy.
  5. Michael Schulz. National Recovery Plan for the Christmas Island Shrew Crocidura attenuata trichura. — Canberra : Department of the Environment and Heritage, 2004. — P. 23.
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Crocidura trichura: Brief Summary ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию

Crocidura trichura (лат., возможное русское название — белозубка острова Рождества) — вероятно вымерший в XX веке вид млекопитающих из семейства землеройковых, эндемичный для острова Рождества. Иногда считается подвидом одного из двух других видов, но отличия между ним и указанными видами говорят в пользу того, что речь идёт об отдельном. Если эта белозубка не вымерла, её следует считать очень редкой.

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聖誕島白齒鼩 ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Crocidura trichura
Dobson,1889 聖誕島白齒鼩的分佈
聖誕島白齒鼩的分佈

聖誕島白齒鼩Crocidura trichura)是聖誕島極度稀有或可能已經滅絕鼩鼱。牠們有時被認為是台灣灰鼩鼱長尾大麝鼩亞種,但根據其形態分別及地理上的距離,所以牠們應該是一個獨立的物種[2]牠們最初被認為是於1908年前消失,可能是因黑鼠帶來的錐蟲所致。[3]

除了於1958年未確認的觀察報告外,於1985年捕捉了兩隻聖誕島白齒鼩,但後來死亡。於1996年及1998年再有未確認的觀察報告,2000年的勘察未能發現牠們。[3]近期的消失是因入侵的細足捷蟻所致。[3]

參考

  1. ^ Crocidura trichura. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008. International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2008.
  2. ^ Rainer Hutterer in: Wilson/Reeder (2005) Mammal Species of the World
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Michael Schulz. National Recovery Plan for the Christmas Island Shrew Crocidura attenuata trichura. Canberra: Department of the Environment and Heritage. 2004: 23.
  • Francis Harper (1945): Extinct and Vanishing Mammals of the Old World
  • David Day (1981): The Doomsday Book of Animals
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聖誕島白齒鼩: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

聖誕島白齒鼩(Crocidura trichura)是聖誕島極度稀有或可能已經滅絕鼩鼱。牠們有時被認為是台灣灰鼩鼱長尾大麝鼩亞種,但根據其形態分別及地理上的距離,所以牠們應該是一個獨立的物種。牠們最初被認為是於1908年前消失,可能是因黑鼠帶來的錐蟲所致。

除了於1958年未確認的觀察報告外,於1985年捕捉了兩隻聖誕島白齒鼩,但後來死亡。於1996年及1998年再有未確認的觀察報告,2000年的勘察未能發現牠們。近期的消失是因入侵的細足捷蟻所致。

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크리스마스섬땃쥐 ( Korean )

provided by wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

크리스마스섬땃쥐(Crocidura trichura) 또는 크리스마스섬사향땃쥐땃쥐과에 속하는 포유류의 일종이다.[2] 크리스마스섬에 사는 희귀종 또는 멸종된 것으로 추정되는 땃쥐이다. 아시아회색땃쥐(Crocidura attenuata) 또는 동남아시아땃쥐(Crocidura fuliginosa)의 아종으로 다양하게 분류하여 왔으나[3] 이들 종 사이의 형태학적 차이와 간격때문에 이제는 별도의 종으로 분류하고 있다.[4]

각주

  1. Woinarski, J., Burbidge, A.A. & Lumsden, L. 2016. Crocidura trichura. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T136379A22304640. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T136379A22304640.en. Downloaded on 11 August 2018.
  2. Hutterer, R. (2005). 〈FAMILY Soricidae〉 [땃쥐과]. Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. 《Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference》 (영어) 3판. 존스 홉킨스 대학교 출판사. 223–300쪽. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  3. Francis Harper (1945). 《Extinct and Vanishing Mammals of the Old World》.
  4. Rainer Hutterer (2005). 〈Crocidura trichura〉. D. E. Wilson & D. M. Reeder. 《Mammal Species of the World》. Johns Hopkins University Press.
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크리스마스섬땃쥐: Brief Summary ( Korean )

provided by wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

크리스마스섬땃쥐(Crocidura trichura) 또는 크리스마스섬사향땃쥐는 땃쥐과에 속하는 포유류의 일종이다. 크리스마스섬에 사는 희귀종 또는 멸종된 것으로 추정되는 땃쥐이다. 아시아회색땃쥐(Crocidura attenuata) 또는 동남아시아땃쥐(Crocidura fuliginosa)의 아종으로 다양하게 분류하여 왔으나 이들 종 사이의 형태학적 차이와 간격때문에 이제는 별도의 종으로 분류하고 있다.

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