Eunice frauenfeldi Grube 1866

“Eunice frauenfeldi Grube, 1868
Plate XXXVI, figs. 8-10

Eunice magellanica McIntosh, 1885, pp. 265-266, pl. 37, figs. 12-15; pl. 19A, figs. 6-9. Strait of Magellan, in 175 fms.

Eunice frauenfeldi Ehlers, 1901, pp. 127-128. Strait of Magellan.

Diagnosis: Length to 300 mm; width 6 mm; seg­ments number about 200. Prostomium bilobed, its occipital tentacles indistinctly annulated. Branchiae (fig. 8) first present from sixth setiger and continued posteriorly to the last 3 or 4 segments. In the anterior third of the body, the maximum number of filaments 8 or 9, but sometimes as many as 14, in pectinate arrangement. In median segments with 4 or 5 fila­ments, and in posterior segments with up to 7 or 8 filaments, set very close together so as to appear bushy. Parapodia each supported by 2 thick, black acicula, their tips yellow. Composite falcigers as in fig. 9. Hooded bidentate subacicular hooks (fig. 10) dark, first present at about segment 30. Ventral cirri cirriform through 6 segments and padlike thereafter. On the maxillae II with 6 teeth on each side, the unpaired left piece with 10 teeth, III with 5 teeth on left side and 12 on right.

Distribution: South Atlantic Ocean, chiefly north of the sub-Antarctic convergence; Magellan area.”

(Hartman, 1964)

Eunice magellanica McIntosh, 1885

Eunice magellanica McIntosh, 1885:265–268, fig. 28, pl. 37: figs. 12–15, pl. 19A: figs. 6–9.

MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Two syntypes, BM(NH) ZK.1885.12.1.191, and slide preparation, ZK.1885.12.1.191a. Challenger sta 311, Magellan Strait, north of Isla Desolaçion, 52°50′S, 73°53′W, 448 m, mud, 11 Jan 1876.

COMMENTS ON MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Unless otherwise indicated, the description is based on the larger of the two syntypes.

DESCRIPTION.—Larger of 2 syntypes complete female with eggs in body cavity with 130 setigers; total length 140 mm; maximal width 7 mm; length through setiger 10, 17 mm. Small syntype complete (in 2 pieces) with 108 setigers; total length 78 mm; maximal width 5 mm; length through setiger 10, 11 mm.

Prostomium (Figure 68a) distinctly shorter and narrower than peristomium, less than as deep as peristomium. Prostomial lobes short, frontally rounded; median sulcus deep. Eyes posterior to bases of A-I, black. Antennae evenly spaced, similar in thickness. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Ceratostyles digitiform, with up to 5 irregular articulations in A-III. A-I barely to middle of anterior peristomial ring; A-II to posterior peristomial ring; A-III to setiger 2. Peristomial fold deep, covering bases of antennae; peristomium flaring slightly ventrally; lower lip muscular. Separation between rings distinct dorsally and ventrally; anterior ring of total peristomial length. Peristomial cirri of large syntype very short, ovate, to middle of peristomium in small syntype, without articulations.

Two sets of maxillae present in vial, both of roughly same size, either one could belong to large syntype; small syntype not dissected. One maxillary formula 1+1, 6+6, 8+0, 8+10, 1+1, and 1+1. Other maxillary formula 1+1, 7+7, 8+0, 7+9, 1+1, and 1+1. Both maxillae with Mx III forming part of distal arc with left Mx IV. Mx VI with distinct teeth in both sets of jaws.

Branchiae (Figure 68e) present, pectinate, distinctly longer than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, erect. Branchiae from setiger 7–8 to setiger 120. Branchiae present to near posterior end, present on more than 65% of total number of setigers. First branchiae with 2 filaments, increasing to 5 filaments at about setiger 20. From about setiger 70–75 number of filaments increasing rapidly to 20 at setiger 85; this number continued to setiger 115 in large syntype. Some filaments irregularly branching. Reduction in size and numbers of filaments in far posterior setigers very rapid. Where best developed branchial stems thick, somewhat coiled, and so branchiae may appear palmately, rather than pectinately branched.

Neuropodial acicular lobes distally truncate or rounded; aciculae emerging at midline. All pre- and postsetal lobes low, transverse folds. First 5 ventral cirri thick, digitiform. Ventral cirri basally inflated from about setiger 6 through setiger 30, inflated bases ovate; narrow tips tapering. Posterior ventral cirri digitiform. All notopodial cirri with 5 to 6 irregular articulations. Anterior notopodial cirri thick, digitiform. Posterior notopodial cirri relatively larger than anterior ones, becoming very prominent in far posterior setigers.

Limbate setae slender. Pectinate setae (Figure 68f) tapering, flat. Both marginal teeth slightly larger than other teeth, ~10 teeth present. Shafts of compound falcigers inflated, marginally smooth. Appendages (Figure 68d) long, bidentate. Proximal teeth much larger than distal teeth, triangular, directed laterally. Distal teeth tapering, nearly erect or gently curved. Guards symmetrically bluntly pointed; mucros absent. Pseudocompound falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae numbering up to 3, with black cores and clear sheaths, tapering to blunt tips; ventralmost aciculae gently curved in most parapodia; cross-sections round. Subacicular hooks (Figure 68b, c) with dark brown to black cores and clear sheaths, bidentate. Hooks first present from setiger 26 or 30, present in all setigers thereafter, always single (except for replacements). Proximal teeth about twice as large as distal teeth, directed laterally.

UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Pygidium and anal cirri.

EXPECTED STATES OF UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—None.

CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56, 58, 59. Unknown Characters: 4, 6, 15.

ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—None.

Eunice frauenfeldi Grube, 1866

Eunice frauenfeldi Grube, 1866c:175; 1867:11–12, pl. 1: fig. 3.

MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype, ZMB 4008, St. Paul's Island, South Atlantic.

DESCRIPTION.—Holotype incomplete, of unknown sex, with 77 setigers; length 45 mm; maximal width 5 mm at setiger 10; length through setiger 10, 7 mm. Body dorsally inflated and ventrally flattened, with parallel sides and short parapodia. Prostomium (Figure 48f) distinctly shorter and narrower than peristomium, as deep as of the peristomium. Prostomial lobes frontally obliquely transverse, dorsally excavate with thickened rim; median sulcus shallow. Eyes not seen. Antennae very large, in shallow horseshoe, evenly spaced, similar in thickness. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Ceratostyles tapering, with up to 14 articulations in A-III; inner articulations cylindrical, becoming drop-shaped distally. A-I to posterior peristomial ring; A-II to setiger 1; A-III to setiger 2. Peristomium cylindrical, with distinct, muscular lower lip. Separation distinct dorsally and ventrally; anterior ring of total peristomial length. Peristomial cirri to middle of anterior peristomial ring, tapering, with 4 or 5 articulations.

Jaws not examined.

Branchiae present, palmate, distinctly longer than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region. Branchiae from setiger 6 to end of fragment. First branchia single filaments; maximum 3 filaments in setigers 15–25; all other branchiae with 2 filaments (Figure 48g). Stems reduced to short buttons. Filaments thick, distally blunt, posteriorly as long as notopodial cirri.

Anterior neuropodial acicular lobes distally truncate; posterior acicular lobes rounded; aciculae emerging at midline. Pre- and postsetal lobes low, transverse folds. First 4 ventral cirri thick, tapering. Ventral cirri basally inflated from about setiger 5. Inflated bases short welts where best developed, decreasing in size from about setiger 45; narrow tips tapering. Posterior ventral cirri thick, tapering, directed posteriorly. Anterior notopodial cirri tapering and articulated with up to 5 articulations, farther posteriorly cirri decreasing in length, without articulations.

Limbate setae slim, marginally smooth. Shafts of pectinate setae (Figure 48j) cylindrical. Blades slightly flaring, flat. One marginal tooth longer than other teeth; ∼12 teeth present. Compound falcigers (Figure 48k) very large, long-shafted. Shafts tapering, marginally smooth; distal beaks absent. Appendages with distinctly angled back edge, tapering, bidentate. Proximal teeth longer than distal teeth, tapering, directed laterally. Distal teeth gently curved, nearly erect. Guards longer than appendages, angular, but distinctly symmetrically bluntly pointed; mucros absent. Pseudocompound falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae (Figure 48i) paired, with light brown or chestnut-colored cores and clear sheaths, tapering, slender, gently curved tips; tips curved dorsally; cross-sections round. Subacicular hooks (Figure 48h) with chestnut-colored cores and clear sheaths, bidentate. Hooks first present from setiger 27, present in all setigers thereafter, paired in some setigers. Hooks slender, not distinctly larger than compound falcigers, tapering, with small heads. Proximal teeth larger than distal teeth, triangular, directed laterally. Distal teeth short, nearly erect. Paired bosses present on distal bases of proximal teeth. Bases of proximal teeth much narrower than shaft at that point.

UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Jaw structure; all features associated with posterior setigers, including branchial distribution; pygidium and anal cirri.

EXPECTED STATES OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.—Mx III short and forming part of distal arc with left Mx IV.

CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 34, 56, 58, 59. Unknown Characters: 1, 2, 13, 14, 36–38, 40, 47, 50, 63.

ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—37,1; 38,1.