Neoplecostomus bandeirante Roxo, Oliveira & Zawadzki 2012

Distinguished from all other congeners by having moderate keels along each lateral series of plates (vs. keels absent in all series of plates) and by first plates in the mid-ventral series that are smaller in length than the area surrounding each plate (vs. greater). These characteristics are more evident in mature males. This species further differs from all other congeners, except N. selenae and N. yapo, due to the presence of odontodes along the snout margin and the ridge over the eyes that are slightly larger than the remaining odontodes on the head (vs. odontodes along the snout margin and ridge over eyes similar in length to the remaining odontodes on the head). Neoplecostomus bandeirante differs from N. selenae and N. yapo by the absence of a swollen integument around the enlarged odontodes on the snout margin and the ridge over the eyes in mature males (vs. presence of swollen integument around the enlarged odontodes on the snout margin and ridge over eyes in mature males) (Ref. 89726).

Dorsal spines (total): 1; Dorsal soft rays (total): 7; Analsoft rays: 6

Neoplecostomus bandeirante is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Paraitinguinha River, which is a tributary of the Tietê River, in the vicinity of Salesópolis in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The species reaches 11 cm (4.3 inches) in standard length. Its specific name, bandeirante, refers to the bandeirantes of colonial Brazil.