dcsimg
Image of Climbing orange
Creatures » » Plants » » Dicotyledons » » Rue Family »

Climbing Orange

Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam.

Description

provided by eFloras
Shrubs (usually sprawling) or woody climbers, usually armed. Petiole 1-4 cm; leaflet blades usually sessile or subsessile, elliptic or narrowly elliptic to obovate to oblanceolate, 3-10 × 1-4 cm, base narrowly cuneate to attenuate, apex acuminate or rarely acute to obtuse or rounded. Inflorescences to 17 cm. Sepals 0.3-0.5 mm. Petals cream-white, ovate to elliptic, 1-3.5 mm. Stamens in male flowers 3-4 mm, in female flowers ligulate and 0.2-0.8 mm. Disk 0.2-0.5 mm. Gynoecium in female flowers ovoid to ellipsoid and 1.5-2.5 mm, in male flowers subcylindric and 1-2 mm. Fruit 5-10 mm in diam. Seeds 5-6.5 mm. Fl. year-round but mostly in spring and summer, fr. autumn and winter.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 11: 75 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Distribution

provided by eFloras
Africa, Himalaya (Nepal to Bhutan), India, Ceylon, Burma, east to China, Malaysia.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal Vol. 0 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal @ eFloras.org
author
K.K. Shrestha, J.R. Press and D.A. Sutton
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Distribution

provided by eFloras
Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Madagascar].
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 11: 75 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Elevation Range

provided by eFloras
450-1700 m
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal Vol. 0 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal @ eFloras.org
author
K.K. Shrestha, J.R. Press and D.A. Sutton
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Habitat

provided by eFloras
Secondary forests, thickets; near sea level to 2000 m.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 11: 75 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Synonym

provided by eFloras
Paullinia asiatica Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 365. 1753, typ. cons.; Aralia labordei H. Léveillé; Toddalia asiatica var. floribunda (Wallich) Kurz; T. asiatica var. gracilis Gamble; T. asiatica var. obtusifolia Gamble; T. floribunda Wallich; T. tonkinensis Guillaumin.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 11: 75 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Derivation of specific name

provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
asiatica: of Asia
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
bibliographic citation
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=133140
author
Mark Hyde
author
Bart Wursten
author
Petra Ballings
original
visit source
partner site
Flora of Zimbabwe

Description

provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
Strong robust liane. The young branches are covered with sharp, hooked thorns. In older branches these form thickened knobs, which still maintain the hooks. Leaves 3-foliolate; leaflets elliptic to obovate, shiny green, paler below, covered with translucent gland-dots, with a strong citrus smell when crushed. Flowers in axillary and terminal clusters or branched inflorescences, cream to pale greenish-yellow. Fruit small, citrus-like, orange when ripe.
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
bibliographic citation
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=133140
author
Mark Hyde
author
Bart Wursten
author
Petra Ballings
original
visit source
partner site
Flora of Zimbabwe

Frequency

provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
Common in the E Highlands
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
bibliographic citation
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=133140
author
Mark Hyde
author
Bart Wursten
author
Petra Ballings
original
visit source
partner site
Flora of Zimbabwe

Insects whose larvae eat this plant species

provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
Papilio dardanus cenea (Mocker swallowtail) Papilio demodocus demodocus (Citrus swallowtail)
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
bibliographic citation
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=133140
author
Mark Hyde
author
Bart Wursten
author
Petra Ballings
original
visit source
partner site
Flora of Zimbabwe

Worldwide distribution

provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
Africa from E and C Africa southwards to S Africa, Madagascar, the Mascarene Islands and India
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
bibliographic citation
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=133140
author
Mark Hyde
author
Bart Wursten
author
Petra Ballings
original
visit source
partner site
Flora of Zimbabwe

Cyclicity

provided by Plants of Tibet
Flowering year-round but mostly in spring and summer; fruiting in autumn and winter.
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
Wen, Jun
author
Wen, Jun
partner site
Plants of Tibet

Distribution

provided by Plants of Tibet
Toddalia asiatica is occurring in Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan of China, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, Africa, Madagascar.
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
Wen, Jun
author
Wen, Jun
partner site
Plants of Tibet

Evolution

provided by Plants of Tibet
Phylogeny and classification of Rutaceae subfamilies Rutoideae and Toddalioideae were inferred from plastid (trnL intron and trnL-F spacer) and nuclear (ITS-1 and ITS-2 rDNA) regions (Poon et al., 2007). Results support to merging these two subfamilies established by Engler based on different fruit types. Moreover, Phellodendron, Tetradium, Toddalia, and Zanthoxylum were resolved as a clade, supporting the proposal for a ‘proto-Rutaceae’ group.
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
Wen, Jun
author
Wen, Jun
partner site
Plants of Tibet

General Description

provided by Plants of Tibet
Shrubs (usually sprawling) or woody climbers, usually armed. Petiole 1-4 cm; leaflet blades usually sessile or subsessile, elliptic or narrowly elliptic to obovate to oblanceolate, 3-10 cm long, 1-4 cm wide, base narrowly cuneate to attenuate, apex acuminate or rarely acute to obtuse or rounded. Inflorescences to 17 cm. Sepals 0.3-0.5 mm. Petals cream-white, ovate to elliptic, 1-3.5 mm. Stamens in male flowers 3-4 mm, in female flowers ligulate and 0.2-0.8 mm. Disk 0.2-0.5 mm. Gynoecium in female flowers ovoid to ellipsoid and 1.5-2.5 mm, in male flowers subcylindric and 1-2 mm. Fruit 5-10 mm in diameter. Seeds 5-6.5 mm.
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
Wen, Jun
author
Wen, Jun
partner site
Plants of Tibet

Genetics

provided by Plants of Tibet
The chromosomal number of Toddalia asiatica is 2n = 18 (Gunaseeli and Sampathkumar, 1985, 1990).
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
Wen, Jun
author
Wen, Jun
partner site
Plants of Tibet

Habitat

provided by Plants of Tibet
Growing in secondary forests, thickets; near sea level to 2000 m.
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
Wen, Jun
author
Wen, Jun
partner site
Plants of Tibet

Oyod kucing ( Javanese )

provided by wikipedia emerging languages
Aksara Latin
Disambig variants icon.svg

Oyod kucing[1] (Toddalia aculeata) (Jawa: ꦲꦺꦴꦪꦺꦴꦢ꧀ꦏꦸꦕꦶꦁ, Indonésia: akar kucing[1]) yaiku tuwuhan perdu jalar, dawae udakara 20 m, kabeh bagean tanduran kasebut ana pait lan landhep, asring digunakake minangka rempah-rempah, minangka stimulan pencernaan lan panolak demam.[1]

Referensi

  1. a b c (ing basa Indonésia) Pusat Bahasa Departemen Pendidikan Republik Indonesia "Arti kata akar kucing pada Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia dalam jaringan". Dijupuk 2019-10-07.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Penulis lan editor Wikipedia

Oyod kucing: Brief Summary ( Javanese )

provided by wikipedia emerging languages
Disambig variants icon.svg

Oyod kucing (Toddalia aculeata) (Jawa: ꦲꦺꦴꦪꦺꦴꦢ꧀ꦏꦸꦕꦶꦁ, Indonésia: akar kucing) yaiku tuwuhan perdu jalar, dawae udakara 20 m, kabeh bagean tanduran kasebut ana pait lan landhep, asring digunakake minangka rempah-rempah, minangka stimulan pencernaan lan panolak demam.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Penulis lan editor Wikipedia

కొండ కసింద ( Telugu )

provided by wikipedia emerging languages

కొండ కసింద (Toddalia) పుష్పించే మొక్కలలో రూటేసి కుటుంబానికి చెందిన ఒక ప్రజాతి.[1] దీనిలోని ఏకైక జాతి టొడ్డాలియా ఆసియాటికా (Toddalia asiatica). దీని ఆంగ్ల భాషలోని పేర్లు: orange climber. In Afrikaans it is called ranklemoentjie, and in Venda, gwambadzi.[2] దీనిని సంస్కృతంలో కాంచన అని పిలుస్తారు. ఇది ఆసియా, ఆఫ్రికాలోని చాలా దేశాలలో విస్తరించింది.[3] ఇవి అధిక వర్షపాతం కలిగిన అరణ్యాలలో పెరుగుతుంది.[2] ఆఫ్రికాలో అరణ్యాల నిర్మూలన వలన ఇది ప్రమాదంలో పడింది.[4]

This is a liana with woody, corky, thorny stems that climb on trees, reaching up to 10 meters in length. It has shiny green citrus-scented leaves, yellow-green flowers, and orange fruits about half a centimeter wide that taste like orange peel.[2] The seeds are dispersed by birds and monkeys that eat the fruits.[2]

ఉపయోగాలు

  • కొండకసింద భాగాల్ని మలేరియా జ్వరం నివారణ[5] దగ్గు,, ఫ్లూ లాంటి వ్యాధులలో ఉపయోగిస్తారు.[2] వీటి వేర్లలోని కోమరిన్లు (coumarins) మలేరియా లార్వాలను చంపుతాయని గుర్తించారు.[6] ఈ మొక్క ఉత్పాదనలు బర్డ్ ఫ్లూ కలిగించే H1N1 influenza వైరస్ పై ప్రభావం చూపుతాయని ప్రయోగశాలలో గుర్తించారు.[7]
  • కసింద కాయలను ఊరగాయ చేసి తింటారు.
  • వీటి వేరు బెరడు నుండి సువాసన గల నూనెను తీస్తారు.

మూలాలు

  1. Orwa, J. A., et al. (2008). The use of Toddalia asiatica (L) Lam. (Rutaceae) in traditional medicine practice in East Africa. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 115:2 257-62.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 "Plantz Africa". మూలం నుండి 2011-12-06 న ఆర్కైవు చేసారు. Retrieved 2011-12-04. Cite web requires |website= (help)
  3. "GRIN Species Profile". మూలం నుండి 2012-10-10 న ఆర్కైవు చేసారు. Retrieved 2011-12-04. Cite web requires |website= (help)
  4. Nabwami, J., et al. (2007). Characterization of the natural habitat of Toddalia asiatica in the Lake Victoria basin: soil characteristics and seedling establishment. African Crop Science Conference Proceedings Volume 8.
  5. Bussmann, R. W., et al. (2006). Plant use of the Maasai of Sekenani Valley, Maasai Mara, Kenya. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2 22.
  6. Oketch-Rabah, H. A., et al. (2000). A new antiplasmodial coumarin from Toddalia asiatica roots. Fitoterapia 71:6 636-40.
  7. Lu, S. Y., et al. (2005). Identification of antiviral activity of Toddalia asiatica against influenza type A virus. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 30:13 998-1001.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
వికీపీడియా రచయితలు మరియు సంపాదకులు

కొండ కసింద: Brief Summary ( Telugu )

provided by wikipedia emerging languages

కొండ కసింద (Toddalia) పుష్పించే మొక్కలలో రూటేసి కుటుంబానికి చెందిన ఒక ప్రజాతి. దీనిలోని ఏకైక జాతి టొడ్డాలియా ఆసియాటికా (Toddalia asiatica). దీని ఆంగ్ల భాషలోని పేర్లు: orange climber. In Afrikaans it is called ranklemoentjie, and in Venda, gwambadzi. దీనిని సంస్కృతంలో కాంచన అని పిలుస్తారు. ఇది ఆసియా, ఆఫ్రికాలోని చాలా దేశాలలో విస్తరించింది. ఇవి అధిక వర్షపాతం కలిగిన అరణ్యాలలో పెరుగుతుంది. ఆఫ్రికాలో అరణ్యాల నిర్మూలన వలన ఇది ప్రమాదంలో పడింది.

This is a liana with woody, corky, thorny stems that climb on trees, reaching up to 10 meters in length. It has shiny green citrus-scented leaves, yellow-green flowers, and orange fruits about half a centimeter wide that taste like orange peel. The seeds are dispersed by birds and monkeys that eat the fruits.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
వికీపీడియా రచయితలు మరియు సంపాదకులు

Umugasa ( Kinyarwanda )

provided by wikipedia emerging_languages

Umugasa (izina ry’ubumenyi mu kilatini Toddalia asiatica) ni ikimera.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia abanditsi n'abanditsi

Toddalia asiatica ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

Toddalia asiatica es una especie de planta Magnoliophyta perteneciente a la familia Rutaceae. Es una enredadera leñosa (liana) y da frutos que poseen un sabor que se asemeja al de una cruza entre una naranja y un limón, aunque son mucho más pequeños que estas frutas.[1]

Descripción

Puede alcanzar una altura de 10 m en los bosques, ya que utiliza otros árboles como soporte. Los tallos corchosos están cubiertos con espinas nudosas y son de color amarillo cuando se cortan. Las atractivas hojas trifoliadas brillantes son de color verde claro a verde oscuro y son extremadamente aromáticas, con olor a limón cuando se trituran. Las ramitas están cubiertas de pequeñas espinas curvadas. Las pequeñas flores de color amarillo verdoso aparecen en primavera y la planta continúa floreciendo hasta principios de otoño.[2]

El fruto de Toddalia asiatica es una baya globosa, que mide de 5 a 7 mm de diámetro y es anaranjado cuando está maduro.

Distribución y hábitat

Toddalia asiatica siempre habita en bosques cerca de ríos o arroyos. Crece bastante bien en suelos arcillosos. En Sudáfrica su distribución natural se encuentra en la ladera sur de Soutpansberg y al sur de Suazilandia. También crece más al norte en África tropical, Asia y Madagascar.

Usos

La fruta es utilizada por los masái como remedio para la tos y las raíces en el tratamiento de la indigestión y la gripe. Las hojas se usan para enfermedades pulmonares y reumatismo. En Madagascar, la raíz y su corteza se han utilizado como remedio para la fiebre, la malaria, el cólera, la diarrea y el reumatismo. En la India se extrae un tinte amarillo de las raíces (llamado López Root) y la corteza de la raíz se usa medicinalmente como tónico y para dolencias estomacales.[3]

Referencias

  1. Watt & Breyer Brandwijk. 1962. Medicinal and poisonous plants of Southern and Eastern Africa . E. & S. Livingstone LTD. Edinburgh and London
  2. Plants used by the Masai rom the Sekenani Valley, Maasai Mara, Kenya. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 2006; 2: 22-22
  3. Usher, George. 1974. A dictionary of plants used by man, Constable, London

 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia ES

Toddalia asiatica: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

Toddalia asiatica es una especie de planta Magnoliophyta perteneciente a la familia Rutaceae. Es una enredadera leñosa (liana) y da frutos que poseen un sabor que se asemeja al de una cruza entre una naranja y un limón, aunque son mucho más pequeños que estas frutas.​

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia ES

Toddalia asiatica ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Toddalia asiatica là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cửu lý hương. Loài này được (L.) Lam. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1797.[1]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Toddalia asiatica. Truy cập ngày 12 tháng 6 năm 2013.

Liên kết ngoài


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết phân họ thực vật Toddalioideae này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia VI

Toddalia asiatica: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Toddalia asiatica là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cửu lý hương. Loài này được (L.) Lam. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1797.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia VI

飛龍掌血 ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Toddalia asiatica
(L.) Lam. [1]

飛龍掌血學名Toddalia asiatica英文名稱:Asian Toddalia、Asiatic toddalia root、Lopez Root、Orange climber [4][5][6][7],別稱飛龍斬血爬山虎下山虎入山虎蛇退步猴子香櫞雞爪簕狗欄子狗柑子貓爪簕牛丹子牛麻簕牛麻簕藤八百棒 八大王白見血飛白三百棒黃大金根黃椒黃椒根黃樹根藤黃肉樹細葉黃肉刺小葉黃肉樹紅三百棒三百棒三叉藤三文藤大架歸大救駕小挌藤小格藤小金藤溪椒抽皮簕刺枇杷刺米通迷通果鉤藤子簕鉤勒鉤油婆簕畫眉跳血棒頭血淋甲血見愁血見飛血蓮腸見血而亡見血飛見血亡見血散見而散散血丹散血飛破皮見血嘛磚藤野花椒冬花椒山胡椒山橘土冰粉子溫答燒酒鉤鐵掌米樹亦雷硬諾實者實剛烏面刺萱子刺[3],為芸香科飛龍掌血屬植物[3][5]。英文俗名Orange climber 意為「會攀爬的橘樹 」[6]。本種因幹上滿佈倒生狀皮刺,若不小心誤觸定必鮮血淋漓,兼攀緣的生長習性侊如龍騰飛翔一樣,故而得名飛龍掌血[7]

分佈

本種現分佈於亞洲中國台灣日本越南菲律賓印尼馬來西亞泰國緬甸老撾不丹尼泊爾孟加拉斯里蘭卡等國;非洲南非斯威士蘭莫桑比克贊比亞馬拉維津巴布韋盧旺達扎伊爾坦桑尼亞烏干達肯尼亞蘇丹埃塞俄比亞馬達加斯加毛里求斯留尼旺等國[1]中國國內分佈於廣西海南廣東福建湖南湖北甘肅貴州河南四川陝西雲南西藏等省區[1],喜攀緣於次生林中的灌木或小喬木之上,石灰岩山地也常有分佈[8]

形態特徵

飛龍掌血是一種常綠木質藤本植物[9],呈蔓生狀[10],高約2-5[11]淡硫黃色[8],粗壯[9],折斷後有紅色汁液摻出[12]幹黑褐色[11],橫斷面黃至棕色,具有甚多下彎的皮刺[8];皮刺褐色,基部擴大,長約2-3毫米[13];幼枝淡綠或黃綠色[9],先端密披褐色粉狀絨毛[10]或密披灰白色短毛[8],及白色圓形皮孔[13];老枝褐色[12]木栓層較厚,具疏生的縱向細裂並凸起的皮孔[8];三至四年生的枝幹上皮孔呈圓形而細小[8];木材質地堅實,管孔中部大,髓心部細小,木射線細而密[8]

為三出複葉[10],互生[9],具柄[14]葉柄長約1.5-4厘米[11];小葉片橢圓形、長圓形、倒卵形或卵形,形狀變化較大[14],紙質或近革質[11],先端短尖、漸尖、急尖而鈍頭或尾狀長尖,有時微缺,基部楔形而略偏斜[13],兩側不對稱,表面深綠色,背面淡綠色[11],兩面均密生半透明腺點[9][14]及無毛[11],幼時兩面中脈披短柔毛[11],背面中脈凸出[11],全緣或具細鈍鋸齒[13]側脈纖細[8],近無柄[11],長約2[14]-9厘米[15],寬約0.7[14]-4[8]厘米葉片於光照下可見密生的透明油點,揉搓時具柑橘葉的香氣[5][16]

單性[11]雌花稍大於雄花[15],白色至淡黃色,密披紅褐色短柔毛[9];總花梗披黃色短柔毛,連花序軸長約1-5厘米[11]花梗披黃色短柔毛,長約2-3毫米[11]花序軸密披栗色或棕褐色短柔毛[14]苞片細小,呈鱗片狀[9]萼片4-5枚,卵狀三角形,基部合生,外面密披短柔毛[13][14],長約0.5毫米[13]花瓣4-5枚[11],卵形、長圓形或披針形[13],先端稍鈍或急尖,表面疏生透明腺點,疏披短柔毛[13],後脫落至無毛,內面無毛[11],長約2-3.5毫米[8],寬約1-1.5毫米[11]雄性花為傘房狀圓錐花序,腋生[11]較多;雄蕊4-5枚,較花瓣為長,伸出花冠之外[11]花絲線形,無毛[11]花藥橢圓形,背着藥[11];退化子房,無毛[14]雌性花則為傘房狀圓錐或總狀聚傘花序,花較少,退化雄蕊4-5枚,長約為子房的一半[11]花絲扁,無毛;子房圓球形或近圓筒形,具柄,披疏生的短柔毛或近無毛,具透明腺點[11]花柱柱頭盤狀[11]

漿果[5],近圓球形,橙黃色至朱紅色,果皮肉質[11],平滑[14],皮含麻辣成分[8],具3[9]-8[10]條縱向淺溝紋及具深暗的腺點[11][13],溝紋乾後明顯,成熟時果味甜[8],直徑約5[11]-10[8]毫米;每室內常有種子1-2顆[11];種子腎形[11],亮黑色,具光澤[13],具極細小的窩點,種皮硬骨質[9],長約4[11]-6[13]毫米,寬約3-4毫米[11],厚約1.5毫米[11]

用途

本種根皮可供作染料[5];果皮含麻辣成分[8],可供作胡椒的代替品[5];莖枝可供製作煙斗[8]

醫藥用途

本種以全株入[12],主要使用根部,根部四川稱為黃椒根[11],味苦、麻,性溫,有小毒,具活血散瘀、祛風除濕、消腫止痛等[8],主治感冒風寒、胃痛、腸胃病[11]、風濕骨痛、肋間神經痛、咯血、瘧疾[11]、跌打損傷等[8];根部浸後可治筋骨痛、紅痢淋症[11][14]

參考

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam.. 美國種質資源信息網路. 美國農業部. (原始内容存档于2012-10-10).
  2. ^ Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam.. The Plant List.
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 飛龍掌血 Toddalia asiatica (Linn.) Lam.. 中國自然標本館 NM 物種信息卡.
  4. ^ 飛龍掌血. 花博公園,花博期間園藝植栽資料庫.[永久失效連結]
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 飛龍掌血Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam.. 台北植物園,植物資料庫.
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 飛龍掌血. 太魯閣ET電子報,植物教室.[永久失效連結]
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 小葉黃肉樹. 台灣樹木解說 第肆冊: 207.
  8. ^ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 8.16 飛龍掌血 (PDF). 中國植物誌 43(2): 96–98頁.[永久失效連結]
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 飛龍掌血 (PDF). 浙江植物誌 3: 427頁.[永久失效連結]
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 飛龍掌血 (PDF). 福建植物誌 2: 364頁.[永久失效連結]
  11. ^ 11.00 11.01 11.02 11.03 11.04 11.05 11.06 11.07 11.08 11.09 11.10 11.11 11.12 11.13 11.14 11.15 11.16 11.17 11.18 11.19 11.20 11.21 11.22 11.23 11.24 11.25 11.26 11.27 11.28 11.29 11.30 11.31 11.32 11.33 飛龍掌血 (PDF). 四川植物誌 9: 138–140頁.[永久失效連結]
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 12.2 《有害植物 近200種有害植物的彩色圖鑒》. 林有潤、韋強、謝振華. 南方日報出版社. 2010年6月: 第162頁. ISBN 978-7-5491-0000-2.
  13. ^ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 飛龍掌血 (PDF). 秦嶺植物誌 1(3): 142–143頁.[永久失效連結]
  14. ^ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 14.8 14.9 飛龍掌血 (PDF). 貴州植物誌 2: 264頁.[永久失效連結]
  15. ^ 15.0 15.1 飛龍掌血 (PDF). 海南植物誌 2: 37頁.[永久失效連結]
  16. ^ 飛龍掌血 (PDF). 西藏植物誌 3: 29頁.[永久失效連結]

外部連結

 src= 維基物種中有關飛龍掌血的數據

 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
维基百科作者和编辑

飛龍掌血: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

飛龍掌血(學名:Toddalia asiatica,英文名稱:Asian Toddalia、Asiatic toddalia root、Lopez Root、Orange climber ),別稱飛龍斬血、爬山虎、下山虎、入山虎、蛇退步、猴子香櫞、雞爪簕、狗欄子、狗柑子、貓爪簕、牛丹子、牛麻簕、牛麻簕藤、八百棒 、八大王、白見血飛、白三百棒、黃大金根、黃椒、黃椒根、黃樹根藤、黃肉樹、細葉黃肉刺、小葉黃肉樹、紅三百棒、三百棒、三叉藤、三文藤、大架歸、大救駕、小挌藤、小格藤、小金藤、溪椒、抽皮簕、刺枇杷、刺米通、迷通果、鉤藤子、簕鉤、勒鉤、油婆簕、畫眉跳、血棒頭、血淋甲、血見愁、血見飛、血蓮腸、見血而亡、見血飛、見血亡、見血散、見而散、散血丹、散血飛、破皮見血、嘛磚藤、野花椒、冬花椒、山胡椒、山橘、土冰粉子、溫答、燒酒鉤、鐵掌米樹、亦雷、硬諾實者實剛、烏面刺及萱子刺等,為芸香科飛龍掌血屬植物。英文俗名Orange climber 意為「會攀爬的橘樹 」。本種因幹上滿佈倒生狀皮刺,若不小心誤觸定必鮮血淋漓,兼攀緣的生長習性侊如龍騰飛翔一樣,故而得名飛龍掌血。

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
维基百科作者和编辑