Associations
provided by BioImages, the virtual fieldguide, UK
In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / saprobe
sporodochium of Arthrinium dematiaceous anamorph of Arthrinium curvatum var. minus is saprobic on dead stem of Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
Remarks: season: 2-11
Foodplant / saprobe
sporodochium of Arthrinium dematiaceous anamorph of Arthrinium puccinioides is saprobic on often dry, bleached, dead leaf of Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
Remarks: season: (1-)3-5(-12)
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed pseudothecium of Didymella proximella is saprobic on dead leaf of Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
Remarks: season: 3-7
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, becoming exposed by lifting of operculum apothecium of Hysterostegiella fenestrata is saprobic on dead stem of Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
Remarks: season: 8
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Alternaria dematiaceous anamorph of Macrospora scirpicola is saprobic on dead, standing stem of Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
Remarks: season: 9-5
Foodplant / saprobe
pseudothecium of Massariosphaeria rubelloides is saprobic on dead stem of Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
Remarks: season: 4-8
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed pseudothecium of Massariosphaeria scirpina is saprobic on dead stem of Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
Foodplant / saprobe
scattered, initially immersed pseudothecium of Phaeosphaeria eustoma is saprobic on dead stem of Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
Remarks: season: spring, summer
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed pycnidium of Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph of Stagonospora aquatica is saprobic on dead stem of Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
Remarks: season: 7-9
Comments
provided by eFloras
Two yellow-striped forms of Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani are grown as ornamentals.
Schoenoplectus validus, described from the Caribbean, and S. tabernaemontani, described from Europe, are here treated as one variable, cosmopolitan species without infraspecific taxa, pending further studies (J. Browning et al. 1995b; S. G. Smith 1995). Most North American plants have spikelets with reddish papillae or prickles on the scales, whereas some plants of coastal and boreal North America closely resemble most plants of northwestern Europe and southern Africa in their densely reddish prickly-papillose scales and are similar to the type of Scirpus glaucus J. E. Smith.
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, S. acutus, S. heterochaetus, S. lacustris, and S. triqueter belong to the very difficult S. lacustris complex. The entire complex except S. triqueter was treated as the single species Scirpus lacustris (T. Koyama 1962b). Many Old World authors treat Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani as S. lacustris var. tabernaemontani or subsp. glaucus.
Much of the local infraspecific variation in the Schoenoplectus lacustris complex is probably because of hybridization. Some studies support the recognition of separate species in this group (J. Browning et al. 1995b). Hybrids in North America include S. acutus × S. tabernaemontani, widespread and common, especially in the east; S. acutus × S. heterochaetus = S. ×oblongus (T. Koyama) Soják, widespread but uncommon; S. heterochaetus × S. tabernaemontani = S. ×steinmetzii (Fernald) S. G. Smith, eastern and most uncommon; S. tabernaemontani × S. triqueter = S. ×kuekenthalianus (Junge) Kent, lower Columbia River in Oregon and probably Washington; and S. acutus var. occidentalis × S. californicus, local in California. Except for its trigonous culms, S. triqueter is very similar to the S. lacustris complex and freely hybridizes with S. tabernaemontani, both in North America and Europe.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Description
provided by eFloras
Rhizomes 3–10 mm diam. Culms cylindric, 0.5–3 m × 2–10 mm. Leaves 3–4, basal; sheath fronts membranous-translucent, often pinnate-fibrillose; blades 1–2, C-shaped to dorsiventrally flat in cross section, usually much shorter than sheath, distal blade 2–200 × 1–4 mm, margins often scabridulous. Inflorescences 2–4 times branched, branches to 15(–25) cm; proximal bract usually erect, thickly C-shaped to subterete, 1–8 cm, margins sometimes scabridulous. Spikelets 15–200, solitary or in clusters of 2–4(–7), commonly all solitary, 3–17 × 2.5–4 mm; scales uniformly dark to pale orange-brown, sometimes straw-colored, sometimes prominently lineolate-spotted, midrib often pale or green, ovate, 2–3.5 × 1.5–2 mm, sparsely (rarely densely) reddish or straw-colored, scabrous on awn and distal parts of midrib and sometimes flanks, margins ciliate, hairs contorted; flanks veinless, apex obtuse to rounded, notch 0.2–0.3 mm deep, awn straight or bent, 0.2–0.8 mm. Flowers: perianth bristles 6, brown, ± equaling achene, densely retrorsely spinulose; anthers 2 mm; styles 2-fid, sometimes 3-fid near spikelet apex. Achenes dark gray-brown when ripe, plano-convex, obovoid, 1.5–2.8 × 1.2–1.7 mm; beak 0.2–0.4 mm. 2n = 42.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Distribution
provided by eFloras
Eurasia; from subarctic to temperate zones, as well as at high altitudes in the tropics and subtropics.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Distribution
provided by eFloras
0–2400
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Elevation Range
provided by eFloras
2500-3700 m
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Flowering/Fruiting
provided by eFloras
Fruiting late spring–summer, spring–winter (south).
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Habitat
provided by eFloras
Fresh to brackish marshes, fens, bogs, lakes, stream banks and bars, pioneering in disturbed places, often emergent in water to 1m.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Synonym
provided by eFloras
Scirpus tabernaemontani C. C. Gmelin, Fl. Bad. 1: 101. 1805; S. lacustris Linnaeus subsp. glaucus (Smith) Hartman; S. lacustris subsp. validus (Vahl) T. Koyama; S. lacustris var. tabernaemontani (C. C. Gmelin) Döll; S. validus Vahl; S. validus var. creber Fernald
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- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Broad-scale Impacts of Fire
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
marshThe effects of fire on wetland plants after drawdowns in Utah's Great
Salt Lake Marsh were studied [
27]. On burned sites new shoots had a
lower biomass per inch of length than shoots on unburned sites.
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Broad-scale Impacts of Plant Response to Fire
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
marshPrescribed fires were lit in early September following April drawdowns
in the Great Salt Lake Marsh [
27]. No distininction was made between S.
validus and S. acutus in this study. Both were referred to as S.
lacustris. Burned and unburned sites were reflooded 1 week following
fire. Stands of bulrush on burned sites were similar to those on
unburned sites during the first year. Bulrush began sprouting
immediately following fire, growing to a height of 1.3 feet (0.4 m)
before the first winter. Production did not differ between sites.
Waterfowl and muskrats can reduce soft-stem bulrush through overgrazing,
especially following fire [
27].
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Common Names
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
soft-stem bulrush
softstem bulrush
soft-stem clubrush
great bulrush
giant bulrush
bullwhip
common bulrush
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Cover Value
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
coverSoft-stem bulrush provides good cover for waterfowl, especially in
conjunction with common cattail (Typha latifolia) [
13].
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Description
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms:
achene,
fruit,
marshSoft-stem bulrush is a tall, leafless marsh plant 1.5 to 9 feet (0.5-3
m) high and 0.12 to 0.8 inches (0.3-2 cm) thick with scaly, stout,
horizontal rhizomes [
11]. The stems are obscurely three-sided and
spongy [
17]. Spikes occur near the stem tips in branched clusters [
8].
The fruit is an achene [
11].
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Distribution
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Soft-stem bulrush occurs throughout North America from central Alaska
south to Mexico, east to the Maritime Provinces of Canada, and south
through Florida. It does not occur through central and southern
California [
8]. It is native on the Hawaiian islands of Niihau, Oahu,
Molokai, and Hawaii [
34].
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Fire Ecology
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
fire regimeSoft-stem bulrush sprouts from rhizomes following fire [
27].
FIRE REGIMES : Find fire regime information for the plant communities in which this
species may occur by entering the species name in the
FEIS home page under
"Find FIRE REGIMES".
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Growth Form (according to Raunkiær Life-form classification)
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. More info for the term:
geophyteGeophyte
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Habitat characteristics
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
freshSoft-stem bulrush grows in marshes, along lake and stream shores, and in
wet meadows. It grows in fresh or brackish water [
5,
16,
23]. Soils are
usually poorly-drained [
5], or continually saturated [
12]. Soft-stem
bulrush grows in silty or peaty soils [
18]. Under greenhouse conditions
soft-stem bulrush produced more aboveground biomass in silty clay soils
than in clay or sand alone [
1]. Belowground biomass was equal in silty
clays and clays, and lower in sandy soils. Soft-stem bulrush seems to
grow better in saline conditions than in fresh water, and it tolerates a
wide range of salinity [
32].
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Habitat: Cover Types
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. This species is known to occur in association with the following cover types (as classified by the Society of American Foresters):
63 Cottonwood
235 Cottonwood - willow
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Habitat: Ecosystem
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. This species is known to occur in the following ecosystem types (as named by the U.S. Forest Service in their Forest and Range Ecosystem [FRES] Type classification):
FRES17 Elm - ash - cottonwood
FRES28 Western hardwoods
FRES36 Mountain grasslands
FRES37 Mountain meadows
FRES39 Prairie
FRES41 Wet grasslands
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Habitat: Plant Associations
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. This species is known to occur in association with the following plant community types (as classified by Küchler 1964):
More info for the term:
forestK025 Alder - ash forest
K049 Tule marshes
K063 Foothills prairie
K072 Sea oats prairie
K073 Northern cordgrass prairie
K075 Nebraska Sandhills prairie
K078 Southern cordgrass prairie
K080 Marl - everglades
K092 Everglades
K098 Northern floodplain forest
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Immediate Effect of Fire
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Fire topkills soft-stem bulrush stands [
13] and reduces shoot mass of
Scirpus species [
27].
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Importance to Livestock and Wildlife
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
The seeds of soft-stem bulrush are eaten by waterfowl and considered a
good to excellent food source in South Dakota [
3,
9].
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Key Plant Community Associations
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Soft-stem bulrush is a dominant in the following classification type:
Landscape classification and plant successional trends in the
Peace-Athabasca Delta [
7]
Some species associated with soft-stem bulrush are smartweed (Polygonum
spp.), sedge (Carex spp.), common cattail, reed (Phragmites spp.), water
hemlock (Circuta maculata), spikerush (Eleocharis calva), fowl
mannagrass (Glyceria striata), tufted hairgrass (Deschampsia
caespitosa), beggartick (Bidens spp.), narrowlieaf burreed (Sparganium
eurycarpum), common arrowhead (Sagittaria latifolia), sego pondweed
(Potamogeton pectinatus), and nodding waternymph (Najas flexilis)
[
4,
6,
19].
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Life Form
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
graminoidGraminoid
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Management considerations
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
marshLivestock grazing in wetlands can reduce soft-stem bulrush [
13].
Soft-stem bulrush will establish from the seedbank following periodic
draining and reflooding of marshes [
6,
22]. However, prolonged draining
and reflooding can reduce soft-stem bulrush stands [
18]. In a Minnesota
marsh, early to mid-June drawdowns favored soft-stem bulrush stands in
the first 2 years. After the third-year drawdonw, bulrush began to
decrease in water depths greater than 15 inches (38 cm). Eventually it
was eradicated from all areas reflooded annually [
18].
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Occurrence in North America
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
AL AK AZ AR CA CO CT DE FL GA
HI ID IL IN IA KS KY LA ME MD
MA MI MN MS MO MT NE NV NH NJ
NM NY NC ND OH OK OR PA RI SC
SD TN TX UT VT VA WA WV WI WY
AB BC MB NB NF NT NS ON PE PQ
SK YT MEXICO
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Other uses and values
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Roots of soft-stem bulrush can be ground into flour or eaten whole.
Syrup can be extracted from them [
8].
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Phenology
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. Because of the wide distribution of soft-stem bulrush, its growing
seasons varies with latitude. In the northeast soft-stem bulrush
flowers from July through August [
23]. Flowering lasts from 5 to 6
months in wetland prairies of Nebraska [
28]. Fernald [
11] reported
fruits generally ripening from June through September.
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Plant Response to Fire
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
marshSoft-stem bulrush sprouts from rhizomes following fire [
27].
Fire increases protein content of Scirpus acutus, a closely related
species [
33]. Wetland vertebrates may select certain marsh plant
species due to protein increases following fire [
27].
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Post-fire Regeneration
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms:
ground residual colonizer,
herb,
rhizomeRhizomatous herb, rhizome in soil
Ground residual colonizer (on-site, initial community)
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Regeneration Processes
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
seedSoft-stem bulrush reproduces by both rhizomes and seeds [
11,
17]. It
reproduces well from seed stored in the seedbank [
18]. Soil-stored
seed can remain viable for as long as 20 years [
31]. In the lab, seed
viability in dry storage is more than 2 years [
14].
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Regional Distribution in the Western United States
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. This species can be found in the following regions of the western United States (according to the Bureau of Land Management classification of Physiographic Regions of the western United States):
1 Northern Pacific Border
2 Cascade Mountains
4 Sierra Mountains
5 Columbia Plateau
6 Upper Basin and Range
7 Lower Basin and Range
8 Northern Rocky Mountains
9 Middle Rocky Mountains
10 Wyoming Basin
11 Southern Rocky Mountains
12 Colorado Plateau
13 Rocky Mountain Piedmont
14 Great Plains
15 Black Hills Uplift
16 Upper Missouri Basin and Broken Lands
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Successional Status
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. More info for the terms:
sere,
shrubs,
successionFacultative Seral Species
Soft-stem bulrush is a perennial [
17] and is a dominant emergent in the
northern plains and prairie states [
19]. It is replaced by cattail
(Typha spp.) in continuously flooded marshes following drawdown [
18].
Soft-stem bulrush is found in the third sere of succession in Wisconsin
marshes, preceded by submerged and floating plant stages and followed by
sedge meadows, shrubs, and trees [
12].
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Synonyms
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Scirpus lacustris L. subsp. creber (Fernald) T. Koyama
Scirpus lacustris L. subsp. glaucus (Rchb.) Hartm.
Scirpus lacustris L. subsp. validus (Vahl) T. Koyama [
35]
Scirpus validus Vahl [
16]
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Taxonomy
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
The currently accepted scientific name for soft-stem bulrush is
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla (Cyperaceae) [
35,
36].
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Value for rehabilitation of disturbed sites
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
restorationSoft-stem bulrush is used in wetland restoration and is best planted
vegetatively because it can triple its biomass in one growing season
[
20]. It is also used to reduce pollutant loads carried by storm water
runoff in urban wetlands [
25].
- bibliographic citation
- Snyder, S. A. 1993. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Llafrwynen arfor
(
Welsh
)
provided by wikipedia CY
Monocotyledon a phlanhigyn blodeuol yw Llafrwynen arfor sy'n enw benywaidd. Mae'n perthyn i'r teulu Cyperaceae. Yr enw gwyddonol (Lladin) yw Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani a'r enw Saesneg yw Grey club-rush.[1] Ceir enwau Cymraeg eraill ar y planhigyn hwn gan gynnwys Llafrwynen Arfor, Clwbfrwynen Glasbeilliog, Clwbfrwynen Llwydwyrdd, Clwbfrwynen Oleulas, Tostfrwynen Arfor.
Mae'r planhigyn hwn yn tarddu o Asia a throfannau De America. O ran ffurf, mae'n eithaf tebyg i wair, glaswellt neu frwyn, ond y prif nodwedd sy'n eu gwahaniaethu yw bonyn y planhigyn. Mae gan y bonion hyn - o'u croes-dorri - siap triongl ac mae'r dail yn sbeiralu mewn tair rheng - dwy sydd gan wair.[2][3]
Gweler hefyd
Cyfeiriadau
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- Awduron a golygyddion Wikipedia
Llafrwynen arfor: Brief Summary
(
Welsh
)
provided by wikipedia CY
Monocotyledon a phlanhigyn blodeuol yw Llafrwynen arfor sy'n enw benywaidd. Mae'n perthyn i'r teulu Cyperaceae. Yr enw gwyddonol (Lladin) yw Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani a'r enw Saesneg yw Grey club-rush. Ceir enwau Cymraeg eraill ar y planhigyn hwn gan gynnwys Llafrwynen Arfor, Clwbfrwynen Glasbeilliog, Clwbfrwynen Llwydwyrdd, Clwbfrwynen Oleulas, Tostfrwynen Arfor.
Mae'r planhigyn hwn yn tarddu o Asia a throfannau De America. O ran ffurf, mae'n eithaf tebyg i wair, glaswellt neu frwyn, ond y prif nodwedd sy'n eu gwahaniaethu yw bonyn y planhigyn. Mae gan y bonion hyn - o'u croes-dorri - siap triongl ac mae'r dail yn sbeiralu mewn tair rheng - dwy sydd gan wair.
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- Awduron a golygyddion Wikipedia
Salz-Teichbinse
(
German
)
provided by wikipedia DE
Die Salz-Teichbinse (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani) wird auch Salz-Teichsimse oder Graue Seebinse genannt und gehört zur Familie der Sauergrasgewächse (Cyperaceae). Es handelt sich um eine recht großwüchsige binsenartige Pflanze von typisch graugrüner Farbe. Zeitweise wurde sie nur als Unterart der Gewöhnlichen Teichbinse (Schoenoplectus lacustris) angesehen, welche noch größer wird und ein frischeres Grün aufweist. Sie ist an Ufern von Gewässern zu finden und ist dabei vergleichsweise salztolerant. Benannte wurde das Taxon zu Ehren des frühneutzeitlichen Gelehrten Tabernaemontanus.
Merkmale
![src=]()
Blütenstand. Die Deckblätter sind mit rötlichen Warzen besetzt.
![src=]()
Blüte mit zwei Griffeln und Deckblatt.
Salz-Teichbinsen sind ausdauernde, krautige Pflanzen, die Wuchshöhen von 80 bis 150 (selten 250) Zentimetern erreichen. Sie besitzen lange, dicke, unterirdisch kriechende Rhizome als Überdauerungsorgan. Ihr bis oben meist stielrunder Stängel ist grau- bis blaugrün gefärbt. Die Blattscheiden befinden sich am Grund des Sprosses und weisen kurze, nur selten über zehn Zentimeter lange Blattspreiten auf. Der spirrige Blütenstand erscheint im Juni und Juli, besteht aus relativ wenigen (bis über 50) Ährchen und hat einen Durchmesser von höchstens acht Zentimetern. Er ist damit kleiner, dichter und blütenärmer als bei der Gewöhnlichen Teichbinse. Die braunen Spelzen besitzen zahlreiche rote Warzen, insbesondere auf und um den Mittelnerv. Es werden stets zwei Narben ausgebildet. Die Nüsschen sind linsenförmig und 2 bis 2,5 mm lang.
Die Chromosomenzahl ist 2n = (38, 40) 42 (44).[1]
Vorkommen
Die Salz-Teichbinse bildet eigene Dominanzbestände oder wächst in Röhrichtgesellschaften stehender oder fließender Gewässer, etwa an Gräben, Bächen, Teichen (besonders Klärteiche), Tümpeln sowie in Quellsümpfen. In Flussmündungen der Küsten besiedelt sie tidebeeinflusste Brack- und Süßwasserröhrichte, kommt in Marschgräben und auf Spülflächen vor. Bevorzugt werden stark wechselnasse bis überschwemmte, nährstoff- und basenreiche (manchmal kalkhaltige), schlammige Sand- und Lehmböden, die auch salzhaltig sein können. Diese Salztoleranz bedingt Verbreitungsschwerpunkte in Küstengebieten, an Flussunterläufen sowie an Binnensalzstellen und in Gipskeupergebieten. Außerhalb davon fehlt diese Pflanze über weite Strecken, beispielsweise im Bergland.
Die Art ist kosmopolitisch verbreitet.[2] In Mitteleuropa tritt sie zerstreut bis relativ selten auf, in den Küstenregionen häufiger. Sie gedeiht in Gesellschaften des Verbands Phragmition, etwa im Cladietum oder in Gesellschaft von Bolboschoenus maritimus.[1]
Literatur
- Eckhard Garve: Atlas der gefährdeten Farn- und Blütenpflanzen in Niedersachsen und Bremen. Naturschutz Landschaftspflege Niedersachsen 30, 1994. ISBN 3-922321-68-2
-
Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: Bildatlas der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands (= Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. Band 2). Herausgegeben vom Bundesamt für Naturschutz. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4.
- Erich Oberdorfer: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1990 (6. Aufl.). ISBN 3-8001-3454-3
Einzelnachweise
-
↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora für Deutschland und angrenzende Gebiete. Unter Mitarbeit von Angelika Schwabe und Theo Müller. 8., stark überarbeitete und ergänzte Auflage. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5, S. 161.
-
↑ Rafaël Govaerts (Hrsg.): Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) – The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, abgerufen am 28. Oktober 2016.
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Salz-Teichbinse: Brief Summary
(
German
)
provided by wikipedia DE
Die Salz-Teichbinse (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani) wird auch Salz-Teichsimse oder Graue Seebinse genannt und gehört zur Familie der Sauergrasgewächse (Cyperaceae). Es handelt sich um eine recht großwüchsige binsenartige Pflanze von typisch graugrüner Farbe. Zeitweise wurde sie nur als Unterart der Gewöhnlichen Teichbinse (Schoenoplectus lacustris) angesehen, welche noch größer wird und ein frischeres Grün aufweist. Sie ist an Ufern von Gewässern zu finden und ist dabei vergleichsweise salztolerant. Benannte wurde das Taxon zu Ehren des frühneutzeitlichen Gelehrten Tabernaemontanus.
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Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
provided by wikipedia EN
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (syn. Scirpus validus) is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family known by the common names softstem bulrush,[2] grey club-rush,[3] and great bulrush. It can be found throughout much of the world; it has been reported from every state in the United States (including Hawaii), and from every province and territory in Canada except Nunavut. It grows in moist and wet habitat, and sometimes in shallow water.
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani is quite variable in appearance, thus explaining the long list of synonyms that have been created over the years. It is a perennial herb producing dense stands of many narrow erect stems reaching 1–3 m (33–100 inches) in height. It grows from a long rhizome system. The leaves are mostly basal and have wide sheaths around the stems. The inflorescence is generally a panicle of spikelets on long, thin branches which spread, arch, or droop. The spikelets vary in color. There is usually a long, stiff bract alongside each spikelet or cluster of spikelets.
A cultivar of this species with bright horizontal white or yellowish stripes, S. tabernaemontani 'Zebrinus', is sold as an ornamental plant for water gardens and landscaping.[4][5] Solid white and yellow cultivars are also available.[6]
Uses
The new shoots and young roots may be eaten raw or cooked. The older roots can be made into flour.[7]
In Hawaii - known as ‘aka‘akai, kaluhā, nānaku - its stems are made into floor mats.[8] In New Zealand, known as kāpūngāwhā, it is a source of weaving fabric.[9]
References
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Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (syn. Scirpus validus) is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family known by the common names softstem bulrush, grey club-rush, and great bulrush. It can be found throughout much of the world; it has been reported from every state in the United States (including Hawaii), and from every province and territory in Canada except Nunavut. It grows in moist and wet habitat, and sometimes in shallow water.
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani is quite variable in appearance, thus explaining the long list of synonyms that have been created over the years. It is a perennial herb producing dense stands of many narrow erect stems reaching 1–3 m (33–100 inches) in height. It grows from a long rhizome system. The leaves are mostly basal and have wide sheaths around the stems. The inflorescence is generally a panicle of spikelets on long, thin branches which spread, arch, or droop. The spikelets vary in color. There is usually a long, stiff bract alongside each spikelet or cluster of spikelets.
A cultivar of this species with bright horizontal white or yellowish stripes, S. tabernaemontani 'Zebrinus', is sold as an ornamental plant for water gardens and landscaping. Solid white and yellow cultivars are also available.
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Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
(
Spanish; Castilian
)
provided by wikipedia ES
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani es una especie de planta de la familia de las ciperáceas. Se puede encontrar en todo el mundo, creciendo en muchos tipos de hábitat húmedos y encharcados, y algunas veces en aguas poco profundas. Es muy variable en apariencia.
Descripción
Es una hierba perenne que produce masas densas de muchos tallos erectos estrechos que alcanzan un tamaño de 1 a 3 metros de altura. Crece de un sistema de largo rizoma. Las hojas son en su mayoría basales y tienen amplias vainas alrededor de los tallos. La inflorescencia es en general una panícula de espiguillas en ramas largas y delgadas que se extienden en arco. Las espiguillas varían en color. Por lo general, a lo largo, con una bráctea junto a cada espiguilla o grupo de espiguillas.
Una variedad de esta especie con rayas blancas o amarillentas horizontales luminosas, S. tabernaemontani 'Zebrinus', se vende como una planta ornamental para jardines acuáticos y paisajismo.[1][2] Los cultivares blancos y amarillos también están disponibles.[3]
Taxonomía
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani fue descrita por (C.C.Gmel.) Palla y publicado en Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 38: 49. 1888.[4]
- Sinonimia
-
Cyperus tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Missbach & E.H.L.Krause
-
Eleogiton tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Fourr.
-
Heleogiton tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Peterm.
-
Heleophylax tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Schinz & Thell.
-
Hymenochaeta tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Nakai
-
Schoenoplectus lacustris subsp. creber (Fernald) Á.Löve & D.Löve
-
Schoenoplectus lacustris f. glaucus (Hartm.) Soó
-
Schoenoplectus lacustris subsp. glaucus (Hartm.) Luceño & Marín
-
Schoenoplectus lacustris subsp. tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Á.Löve & D.Löve
-
Schoenoplectus lacustris subsp. validus (Vahl) T.Koyama
-
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani f. sub-duvalii (Beckh.) Soó
-
Schoenoplectus validus (Vahl) Á.Löve & D.Löve
-
Scirpus glaucus Sm.
-
Scirpus globifer Welw. ex Steud.
-
Scirpus siculus Lojac.
-
Scirpus tabernaemontani C.C.Gmel.
-
Scirpus uliginosus Kar. & Kir.
-
Scirpus validus Vahl
-
Scirpus welwitschii K.Richt.[5]
Referencias
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Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani: Brief Summary
(
Spanish; Castilian
)
provided by wikipedia ES
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani es una especie de planta de la familia de las ciperáceas. Se puede encontrar en todo el mundo, creciendo en muchos tipos de hábitat húmedos y encharcados, y algunas veces en aguas poco profundas. Es muy variable en apariencia.
![src=]()
En su hábitat
![src=]()
ILustración
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Kare kaisel
(
Estonian
)
provided by wikipedia ET
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Kare kaisel: Brief Summary
(
Estonian
)
provided by wikipedia ET
Kare kaisel (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontanii) on lõikheinaliste sugukonda kuuluv veetaim.
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Sinikaisla
(
Finnish
)
provided by wikipedia FI
Sinikaisla (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani) on sarakasvien (Cyperaceae) heimoon ja järvikaislojen (Schoenoplectus) sukuun kuuluva vesikasvilaji.[2] Kasvi kasvaa 0,5–2 metriä korkeaksi. Se esiintyy yleisenä savipohjalla murtovesissä.[4]
Lähteet
-
↑ Zehzad, B. & Akhani, H.: Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2016.2. 2014. International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN, Iucnredlist.org. Viitattu 31.10.2016. (englanniksi)
-
↑ a b Sinikaisla Pinkka - Lajintuntemuksen oppimisympäristö. Helsingin yliopisto. Viitattu 13.5.2012.
-
↑ The Plant List
-
↑ Mossberg, B. & Stenberg, L.: Suuri Pohjolan kasvio, 4. tarkistettu painos, s. 775. Suomentanut Vuokko, S. & Väre, H. Helsinki: Tammi, 2014. ISBN 951-31-6779-0.
Aiheesta muualla
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Sinikaisla: Brief Summary
(
Finnish
)
provided by wikipedia FI
Sinikaisla (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani) on sarakasvien (Cyperaceae) heimoon ja järvikaislojen (Schoenoplectus) sukuun kuuluva vesikasvilaji. Kasvi kasvaa 0,5–2 metriä korkeaksi. Se esiintyy yleisenä savipohjalla murtovesissä.
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Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
(
French
)
provided by wikipedia FR
Le jonc des chaisiers glauque ou scirpe des chaisiers glauque ou scirpe glauque, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani est une espèce de plantes des marais de la famille des Cyperaceae.
Synonymes
La liste de synonyme suivante comprend des noms que certains botanistes considèrent comme étant des espèces différentes, alors que d'autres s'y réfèrent comme à une seule.
-
Schoenoplectus lacustris (Linné) Palla
-
Schoenoplectus validus (Vahl) Löve & Löve
-
Scirpus acutus Mühlenberg
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Scirpus glaucus Smith
-
Scirpus lacustris L. subsp. glaucus Smith
-
Scirpus tabernaemontani (C.C. Gmelin) Syme in Sowerby
-
Scirpus validus Vahl.
Description
![src=]()
Coupe transversale d'une hampe de scirpe de chaisier, montrant l'
aérenchyme cloisonné.
Plante herbacée vivace dont la hampe cylindrique vert glauque atteint 50 à 250 cm de hauteur. L'intérieur de cette hampe est rempli de cavités cloisonnée formant l'aérenchyme. Tige très courte. Feuilles réduites, pratiquement inexistantes.
Floraison de mai à août. Épis groupés en glomérules sphériques et compacts. Fruit : deux akène longs de 2-2,5 mm..
Répartition et habitat
S. tabernaemontani est cosmopolite, poussant en divers endroits sur le globe. C'est une espèce de milieux humides tolérant un éventail de conditions relativement large. On le trouve généralement sur les rives des marais, étangs et rivières à faible débit, mais il peut aussi s'installer dans l'eau, jusqu'à 2 mètres de profondeur, en plus de tolérer être hors de l'eau une partie de l'année. Préférant les substrats vaseux ou sablonneux, elle peut former de grandes colonies très denses, presque monospécifiques. Quelques espèces réussissent toutefois à la côtoyer: Carex aquatilis, Zizania palustris (zizanie des marais), certaines sagittaires et certaines quenouilles.
Utilisations
En Europe, les longues hampes florales cylindriques étaient utilisées pour rempailler les chaises, d'où l'appellation «jonc des chaisiers». En Amérique, Les peuples autochtones se nourrissaient du rhizome cru, bouilli, rôti ou encore en farine.
Références
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Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani: Brief Summary
(
French
)
provided by wikipedia FR
Le jonc des chaisiers glauque ou scirpe des chaisiers glauque ou scirpe glauque, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani est une espèce de plantes des marais de la famille des Cyperaceae.
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Słonišćowa syć
(
Upper Sorbian
)
provided by wikipedia HSB
Słonišćowa syć (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani) je rostlina ze swójby Cachorowych rostlinow (Cyperaceae).
Wopis
Słonišćowa syć ma šěrozeleny stołpik.
Kćenja ma jenož dwě pěsće.
Płód je płona.
Stejnišćo
Rosće w słonych wodźiznach.
Rozšěrjenje
Wužiwanje
Žórła
- Schauer - Caspari: Pflanzenführer für unterwegs, ISBN 978-3-8354-0354-3, 2. nakład, 2008, strona 408, jako podobna družina Graue Seebinse (Sch. tabernaemontani) pod hesłom Gewöhnliche Teichbinse, Seebinse (Schoneplectus lacustris) (němsce)
- Brankačk, Jurij: Wobrazowy słownik hornjoserbskich rostlinskich mjenow na CD ROM. Rěčny centrum WITAJ, wudaće za serbske šule. Budyšin 2005.
- Kubát, K. (Hlavní editor): Klíč ke květeně České republiky. Academia, Praha (2002)
- Lajnert, Jan: Rostlinske mjena. Serbske. Němske. Łaćanske. Rjadowane po přirodnym systemje. Volk und Wissen Volkseigener Verlag Berlin (1954)
- Rězak, Filip: Němsko-serbski wšowědny słownik hornjołužiskeje rěče. Donnerhak, Budyšin (1920)
Eksterne wotkazy
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Słonišćowa syć: Brief Summary
(
Upper Sorbian
)
provided by wikipedia HSB
Słonišćowa syć (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani) je rostlina ze swójby Cachorowych rostlinow (Cyperaceae).
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Melsvasis meldas
(
Lithuanian
)
provided by wikipedia LT
Melsvasis meldas (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani) – viksvuolinių (Cyperaceae) šeimos augalų rūšis.
Stiebas status, iki 1,5 m aukščio ir 1 cm skersmens, melsvas arba pilkšvas, beveik belapis. Šakniastiebiai vešlūs, šliaužiojantys. Žiedynas sudarytas iš daugelio kotuotų varpučių. Vaisius – riešutas. Auga ežerų, upių pakrantėse, šlapynėse. Dažnas visoje Lietuvoje.
Vikiteka
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Ruwe bies
(
Dutch; Flemish
)
provided by wikipedia NL
De ruwe bies (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, synoniem: Scirpus lacustris subsp. tabernaemontani) is een vaste plant, die behoort tot de cypergrassenfamilie (Cyperaceae). De plant komt van nature voor in Eurazië. De ruwe bies was tot in de negentiende eeuw een belangrijk exportgewas, dat naast de mattenbies werd geteeld ten behoeve van stoelzittingen.
De plant wordt 0,5-2,8 m hoog en heeft een zachte, taaie wortelstok, die in het jonge stadium wit is en later naar geel tot geelbruin verkleurt. De rolronde, gevulde stengel is blauwgroen of grijsgroen en aan de voet meestal knotsvormig verdikt. Voor en tijdens de bloei heeft de plant geen of slechts één blad met bladschijf. Bij het verweren van de bladscheden komen er niet of nauwelijks vezels vrij.
De ruwe bies bloeit van juni tot de herfst met eivormige tot langwerpige aren. De roodbruine kafjes hebben talrijke rode wratjes, waardoor ze ruw aanvoelen en waaraan de plant haar naam te danken heeft. De kafjes staan in een spiraal. De bloeiwijze is schijnbaar zijdelings door het stengelachtige schutblad.
De vrucht is een 2-2,5 mm lang, lensvormig nootje en kleeft door de borstelharen aan vogels vast.
De plant komt vooral in brak water aan oever, duinplassen en in rietlanden voor.
Namen in andere talen
- Duits: Salz-Teichbinse
- Engels: Grey Club-rush, Softstem bulrush
- Frans: Jonc des chaisiers glauque-Scirpe glauque
Externe link
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Ruwe bies: Brief Summary
(
Dutch; Flemish
)
provided by wikipedia NL
De ruwe bies (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, synoniem: Scirpus lacustris subsp. tabernaemontani) is een vaste plant, die behoort tot de cypergrassenfamilie (Cyperaceae). De plant komt van nature voor in Eurazië. De ruwe bies was tot in de negentiende eeuw een belangrijk exportgewas, dat naast de mattenbies werd geteeld ten behoeve van stoelzittingen.
De plant wordt 0,5-2,8 m hoog en heeft een zachte, taaie wortelstok, die in het jonge stadium wit is en later naar geel tot geelbruin verkleurt. De rolronde, gevulde stengel is blauwgroen of grijsgroen en aan de voet meestal knotsvormig verdikt. Voor en tijdens de bloei heeft de plant geen of slechts één blad met bladschijf. Bij het verweren van de bladscheden komen er niet of nauwelijks vezels vrij.
De ruwe bies bloeit van juni tot de herfst met eivormige tot langwerpige aren. De roodbruine kafjes hebben talrijke rode wratjes, waardoor ze ruw aanvoelen en waaraan de plant haar naam te danken heeft. De kafjes staan in een spiraal. De bloeiwijze is schijnbaar zijdelings door het stengelachtige schutblad.
De vrucht is een 2-2,5 mm lang, lensvormig nootje en kleeft door de borstelharen aan vogels vast.
De plant komt vooral in brak water aan oever, duinplassen en in rietlanden voor.
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Pollsivaks
(
Norwegian
)
provided by wikipedia NO
Pollsivaks (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani) er en høyvokst halvgrasart.
Den er utbredt i store deler av verden. I Skandinavia vokser den stort sett bare i poller og lune viker med brakkvann, men andre steder er den også vanlig i næringsrikt ferskvann. I Norge er den ganske vanlig langs kysten fra Østfold til Hordaland, men finnes også noen få steder lenger nordover til Nordland.
Eksterne lenker
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Pollsivaks: Brief Summary
(
Norwegian
)
provided by wikipedia NO
Pollsivaks (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani) er en høyvokst halvgrasart.
Den er utbredt i store deler av verden. I Skandinavia vokser den stort sett bare i poller og lune viker med brakkvann, men andre steder er den også vanlig i næringsrikt ferskvann. I Norge er den ganske vanlig langs kysten fra Østfold til Hordaland, men finnes også noen få steder lenger nordover til Nordland.
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Oczeret Tabernemontana
(
Polish
)
provided by wikipedia POL
Oczeret Tabernemontana, sitowie Tabernemontana (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (C. C. Gmel.) Palla) – gatunek rośliny należący do rodziny ciborowatych (Cyperaceae). Zasięg obejmuje wszystkie kontynenty z wyjątkiem Antarktydy, poza tym nie jest spotykany w tropikalnej części Ameryki Południowej, na południowych krańcach Azji i w Afryce (z wyjątkiem jej krańców północnych)[2]. W Polsce występuje na całym niżu, ale nie jest pospolity.
Morfologia
- Łodyga
- Sinozielona, w dolnej części obła, w górnej części na przekroju tępotrójkątna, z jednej strony nieco wypukła, z drugiej bardziej płaska. Osiąga wysokość 0,3–1,5 m. Wytwarza kłącze.
- Liście
-
Pochwy brunatne. Tylko 1–2 najwyższe liście posiadają blaszkę liściowa. Podsadka jest krótsza od kwiatostanu, przysadki ciemnobrunatne, szorstkie, nagie, a tylko na nerwie nieco owłosione.
- Kwiaty
- Zebrane w rozrzutkę o 2–4 krótkich szypułkach. Na każdej z nich występują 1–3 bezszypułkowe kłosy. Okwiat ma 6 szczecin.
- Owoc
- Płaskosoczewkowaty o długości ok. 2–2,5 mm.
Biologia i ekologia
Bylina, geofit, hydrofit. Kwitnie od lipca do sierpnia. Występuje nad brzegami jezior i zalewów, również w wodach słonawych. Gatunek charakterystyczny dla klasy (Cl.) Phragmitetea[3]. Liczba chromosomów 2n= 42[4].
Zmienność
W uprawie znany jest kultywar 'Zebrinus' o pędach żółto, poprzecznie prążkowanych. Odmiana ta zachowuje cechy tylko rozmnażana wegetatywnie[5].
Przypisy
-
↑ Stevens P.F.: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website (ang.). 2001–. [dostęp 2010-06-16].
-
↑ a b c Taxon: Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (ang.). USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). [dostęp 2010-06-16].
-
↑ Władysław Matuszkiewicz: Przewodnik do oznaczania zbiorowisk roślinnych Polski. Warszawa: Wyd. Naukowe PWN, 2006. ISBN 83-01-14439-4.
-
↑ Lucjan Rutkowski: Klucz do oznaczania roślin naczyniowych Polski niżowej. Warszawa: Wyd. Naukowe PWN, 2006. ISBN 83-01-14342-8.
-
↑ Stanisław Sławiński, Mieczysław Tokarski: Rośliny wodne w ogrodzie botanicznym uniwersytetu wrocławskiego. Wrocław: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 1978, s. 80.
Bibliografia
- Władysław Szafer, Stanisław Kulczyński: Rośliny polskie. Warszawa: PWN, 1953.
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Oczeret Tabernemontana: Brief Summary
(
Polish
)
provided by wikipedia POL
Oczeret Tabernemontana, sitowie Tabernemontana (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (C. C. Gmel.) Palla) – gatunek rośliny należący do rodziny ciborowatych (Cyperaceae). Zasięg obejmuje wszystkie kontynenty z wyjątkiem Antarktydy, poza tym nie jest spotykany w tropikalnej części Ameryki Południowej, na południowych krańcach Azji i w Afryce (z wyjątkiem jej krańców północnych). W Polsce występuje na całym niżu, ale nie jest pospolity.
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Blåsäv
(
Swedish
)
provided by wikipedia SV
Blåsäv (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani) är en växtart i familjen halvgräs.
Externa länkar
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Blåsäv: Brief Summary
(
Swedish
)
provided by wikipedia SV
Blåsäv (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani) är en växtart i familjen halvgräs.
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Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
(
Vietnamese
)
provided by wikipedia VI
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani là loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cói. Loài này được (C.C.Gmel.) Palla miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1888.[2]
Hình ảnh
Chú thích
Liên kết ngoài
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Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani: Brief Summary
(
Vietnamese
)
provided by wikipedia VI
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani là loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cói. Loài này được (C.C.Gmel.) Palla miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1888.
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Камыш Табернемонтана
(
Russian
)
provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
Распространён на большей части Земного шара.
Встречается на влажных почвах, иногда растёт на мелководье.
Ботаническое описание
Многолетнее корневищное травянистое растение с тонкими прямостоячими стеблями, вырастающими до высоты 1—3 м.
Соцветие — метёлка, состоящая из колосков.
Культивирование
Растение используется в качестве декоративного, выращивается обычно по берегам искусственных водоёмов. Наиболее распространённый сорт — Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani 'Zebrinus' с яркими горизонтальными белыми или желтоватыми полосками.
Синонимы
Вид является весьма изменчивым по своему внешнему облику, с этим обстоятельством связана его обширная синонимика.
Список синонимов по информации базы данных The Plant List[3]:
Примечания
Камыш Табернемонтана: Brief Summary
(
Russian
)
provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
![src=]()
Ботаническая иллюстрация из книги
Яна Копса Flora Batava, 1800—1934
Распространён на большей части Земного шара.
Встречается на влажных почвах, иногда растёт на мелководье.
水葱
(
Chinese
)
provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
水葱: Brief Summary
(
Chinese
)
provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
水葱（学名：Scirpus validus），为莎草科藨草属下的一个植物种。
フトイ
(
Japanese
)
provided by wikipedia 日本語
フトイ
フトイ
分類 界 :
植物界 Plantae 門 :
被子植物門 Magnoliophyta 綱 :
単子葉植物綱 Liliopsida 目 :
カヤツリグサ目 Cyperales 科 :
カヤツリグサ科 Cyperaceae 属 :
ホタルイ属 Scirpus 種 :
フトイ S. tabernaemontani 学名 Scirpus tabernaemontani C. C. Gmelin
シノニム Scirpus lacustris
フトイ（Scirpus tabernaemontani C. C. Gmelin）とはイグサに近い姿のカヤツリグサ科の植物である。
「フトイ」という名前は「太い」ではなく「太藺」、つまり「太い藺草」の意味である。実際にはイグサ科ではなく、カヤツリグサ科ホタルイ属に属する。ただし、その姿はさほどイグサに似ている訳ではない。
日本全土に分布する。
湿地や浅い池などに生育する大柄な多年草で、高さは2m近くにもなる個体もある。地下茎は太くて横に這い、全体としてはまばらに花茎を立てて大きな群落を作る。地下茎の節から花茎を直立させる。花茎の基部には鞘があって、その先端は少しだけ葉の形になる。しかし花茎の長さに比べるとあまりに小さく、目立たない。花茎の断面はややいびつな円形。
花茎の先端には花序がつく。いくつか枝が出てその先端には小穂がつき、小穂の基部からさらに枝が出るようにして多数の小穂が散房状につく。花序の基部には苞が一つあるが、花序より短くて目立たない。そのためイグサのようには見えず、花序が花茎の先端に上を向いてついているように見える。
観賞用[編集]
日本では、時に庭園の池などで観賞用に栽培される。フトイの変種であるシマフトイは花茎に白い横縞模様があり、鑑賞価値が高いものとして栽培されている。
ウル族による利用[編集]
国外では、チチカカ湖に自生するフトイの一種・トトラ（スペイン語: totora; S. clifornicus subsp. totora T. Koyama）がよく知られている。トトラは、湖上の民・ウル族（英語版）の暮らしを全面的に支えている。
ウル族はトトラを刈り取って乾燥させ、その束を水面上へ大量に積み重ねることによって浮島を作り、トトラで葺いた家をその上に建てて、水上の暮らしを営む[1][2]。家の傍らに畑をもつ際にはトトラの根がその肥料にもなる。漁に用いる舟や移動用のボートもトトラから作る[注 1]ほか、食材、お茶、燃料、薬、身装品（帽子など）など、生活のあらゆる場面でトトラが用いられている[1][2]。観光客相手にはトトラ細工が欠かせない土産品となっている[2]。
[
ヘルプ]
- 注釈
-
^ 茎を刈って乾燥させたものを束にして結び直径50cm程の束を2つ並べて船底にし、やや小さい束をその上に並べて側壁とする。場合によってはこれにトトラで作ったすだれの帆をつける。大きいものは5-6人乗りになる。
- 出典
- ^ a b 「天空の湖で究極の地産地消 南米ペルー アンデスの民」 #13 『地球千年紀行 ～先住民族の叡智に学ぶ～』、BS-TBS、2010-5-9日放映。[出典無効]
- ^ a b c 「世界で一番高い湖 ～ペルー ティティカカ湖～」 『プレミアム8 世界一番紀行』、NHK BShi、2010-5-12放映。[出典無効]
関連項目[編集]
![src=]()
ウィキメディア・コモンズには、
フトイに関連する
メディアおよび
カテゴリがあります。
![src=]()
ウィキスピーシーズに
フトイに関する情報があります。
フトイ: Brief Summary
(
Japanese
)
provided by wikipedia 日本語
フトイ（Scirpus tabernaemontani C. C. Gmelin）とはイグサに近い姿のカヤツリグサ科の植物である。
「フトイ」という名前は「太い」ではなく「太藺」、つまり「太い藺草」の意味である。実際にはイグサ科ではなく、カヤツリグサ科ホタルイ属に属する。ただし、その姿はさほどイグサに似ている訳ではない。
日本全土に分布する。
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani 
Zie de categorie Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani van Wikimedia Commons voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp. 
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Blåsäv.
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Bài viết liên quan đến phân họ cói Cyperoideae này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. 
这是一篇與植物相關的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。 
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