Mycoblastus is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Tephromelataceae.[2] Members of the genus are commonly called blood lichens.[3][4]
Taxonomy
The genus was circumscribed in 1852 by Johannes Musaeus Norman, who selected the widespread Mycoblastus sanguinarius as the type species.[5] This species was one of many introduced by Carl Linnaeus in his influential 1753 work Species Plantarum, as Lichen sanguinarius.[6] In North America this species is colloquially known as the "bloody-heart lichen".[7]
In 1984 Josef Hafellner created the family Mycoblastaceae to contain this genus, but this family has since been placed in synonymy with the Tephromelataceae.[8]
Description
Mycoblastus species produce a grayish-white or greenish-gray crustose thallus that contains a green algal photobiont from the genus Trebouxia. The apothecia are typically large, hemmispherical, shiny black or dark pigmented, and lack a margin. There are highly branched and anastomosing paraphyses that form a network around the asci. The asci are lecanoralean (meaning an apothecium containing algae at least below the hypothecium and usually having a distinct amphithecium that often also contains algae) that mostly contain one or two, colorless, thick-walled ascospores.[7]
Species
As of April 2021, Species Fungorum accepts 14 species of Mycoblastus:[9]
The species once known as Mycoblastus fucatus was transferred into a new genus, Violella, circumscribed in 2011 to contain it and other similar species with Biatora-type asci and unusual pigmentation in the hymenium.[13]
References
-
^ "Synonymy: Mycoblastus Norman, Conat. Praem. Gen. Lich.: 25 (1852)". Species Fungorum. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
-
^ Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8.
-
^ "Name Search Results - USDA PLANTS". Retrieved 28 February 2017.
-
^ "Blood Lichen - Mycoblastus - Overview - Encyclopedia of Life". Retrieved 28 February 2017.
-
^ Norman, J.M. (1853). "Conatus praemissus redactionis novae generum nonullorum lichenum". Nyt Magazin for Naturvidenskaberne (in Latin). 7: 213–252.
-
^ Linnaeus, Carl (1753). Species Plantarum (in Latin). Vol. 2. Stockholm: Impensis Laurentii Salvii. p. 1140.
-
^ a b Brodo, Irwin M.; Sharnoff, Sylvia Duran; Sharnoff, Stephen (2001). Lichens of North America. Yale University Press. p. 446. ISBN 978-0300082494.
-
^ Kraichak, Ekaphan; Crespo, Ana; Divakar, Pradeep K.; Leavitt, Steven D.; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2017). "A temporal banding approach for consistent taxonomic ranking above the species level". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 2297. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.2297K. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-02477-7. PMC 5442095. PMID 28536470.
-
^ Source dataset. Species Fungorum Plus: Species Fungorum for CoL+. "Mycoblastus". Catalog of Life Version 2021-04-05. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
-
^ a b c d e f Kantvilas, Gintaras (2009). "The genus Mycoblastus in the cool temperate Southern Hemisphere, with special reference to Tasmania". The Lichenologist. 41 (2): 151–178. doi:10.1017/S0024282909008238.
-
^ a b Kantvilas, Gintaras. "Observations on some tropical species of the lichen genus Mycoblastus Norman (Mycoblastaceae)" (PDF). Austrobaileya. 9: 539–545.
-
^ Kantvilas, Gintaras (2011). "Mycoblastus sinensis, a new lichen species from China" (PDF). Journal of Japanese Botany. 86: 59–62.
-
^ Spribille, Toby; Goffinet, Bernard; Barbara, Klug; Muggia, Lucia; Obermayer, Walter; Mayrhofer, Helmut (2011). "Molecular support for the recognition of the Mycoblastus fucatus group as the new genus Violella (Tephromelataceae, Lecanorales)". The Lichenologist. 43 (5): 445–466. doi:10.1017/S0024282911000478. PMC 3428935. PMID 22936837.
